Documentation: reword the "Description" section of git-bisect.txt.

Reword this section to make it less chatty. Also make minor grammatical
fixes.

Signed-off-by: David J. Mellor <dmellor@whistlingcat.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
This commit is contained in:
David J. Mellor 2009-03-16 23:16:15 -07:00 коммит произвёл Junio C Hamano
Родитель 3f7cdf3299
Коммит 236425919b
1 изменённых файлов: 77 добавлений и 77 удалений

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@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ git-bisect(1)
NAME NAME
---- ----
git-bisect - Find the change that introduced a bug by binary search git-bisect - Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug
SYNOPSIS SYNOPSIS
@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ help" or "git bisect -h" to get a long usage description.
Basic bisect commands: start, bad, good Basic bisect commands: start, bad, good
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The way you use it is: Using the Linux kernel tree as an example, basic use of the bisect
command is as follows:
------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------
$ git bisect start $ git bisect start
@ -48,61 +49,62 @@ $ git bisect good v2.6.13-rc2 # v2.6.13-rc2 was the last version
# tested that was good # tested that was good
------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------
When you give at least one bad and one good versions, it will bisect When you have specified at least one bad and one good version, the
the revision tree and say something like: command bisects the revision tree and outputs something similar to:
------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------
Bisecting: 675 revisions left to test after this Bisecting: 675 revisions left to test after this
------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------
and check out the state in the middle. Now, compile that kernel, and and then checks out the state in the middle. You would now compile
boot it. Now, let's say that this booted kernel works fine, then just that kernel and boot it. If the booted kernel works correctly, you
do would then issue the following command:
------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------
$ git bisect good # this one is good $ git bisect good # this one is good
------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------
which will now say which would then output something similar to:
------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------
Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this
------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------
and you continue along, compiling that one, testing it, and depending and you continue along, compiling that one, testing it, and depending
on whether it is good or bad, you say "git bisect good" or "git bisect on whether it is good or bad issuing the command "git bisect good"
bad", and ask for the next bisection. or "git bisect bad" to ask for the next bisection.
Until you have no more left, and you'll have been left with the first Eventually there will be no more revisions left to bisect, and you
bad kernel rev in "refs/bisect/bad". will have been left with the first bad kernel revision in "refs/bisect/bad".
Bisect reset Bisect reset
~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~
Oh, and then after you want to reset to the original head, do a To return to the original head after a bisect session, you issue the
command:
------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------
$ git bisect reset $ git bisect reset
------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------
to get back to the original branch, instead of being on the bisection This resets the tree to the original branch instead of being on the
commit ("git bisect start" will do that for you too, actually: it will bisection commit ("git bisect start" will also do that, as it resets
reset the bisection state). the bisection state).
Bisect visualize Bisect visualize
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
During the bisection process, you can say During the bisection process, you issue the command:
------------ ------------
$ git bisect visualize $ git bisect visualize
------------ ------------
to see the currently remaining suspects in 'gitk'. `visualize` is a bit to see the currently remaining suspects in 'gitk'. `view` may also
too long to type and `view` is provided as a synonym. be used as a synonym for `visualize`.
If 'DISPLAY' environment variable is not set, 'git log' is used If the 'DISPLAY' environment variable is not set, 'git log' is used
instead. You can even give command line options such as `-p` and instead. You can also give command line options such as `-p` and
`--stat`. `--stat`.
------------ ------------
@ -112,57 +114,56 @@ $ git bisect view --stat
Bisect log and bisect replay Bisect log and bisect replay
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The good/bad input is logged, and The good/bad input is logged, and:
------------ ------------
$ git bisect log $ git bisect log
------------ ------------
shows what you have done so far. You can truncate its output somewhere shows what you have done so far. You can truncate its output somewhere
and save it in a file, and run and save it in a file, and run:
------------ ------------
$ git bisect replay that-file $ git bisect replay that-file
------------ ------------
if you find later you made a mistake telling good/bad about a if you find later that you made a mistake specifying revisions as good/bad.
revision.
Avoiding to test a commit Avoiding testing a commit
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
If in a middle of bisect session, you know what the bisect suggested If in the middle of a bisect session, you know that the next suggested
to try next is not a good one to test (e.g. the change the commit revision is not a good one to test (e.g. the change the commit
introduces is known not to work in your environment and you know it introduces is known not to work in your environment and you know it
does not have anything to do with the bug you are chasing), you may does not have anything to do with the bug you are chasing), you may
want to find a near-by commit and try that instead. want to find a nearby commit and try that instead.
It goes something like this: For example:
------------ ------------
$ git bisect good/bad # previous round was good/bad. $ git bisect good/bad # previous round was good/bad.
Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this Bisecting: 337 revisions left to test after this
$ git bisect visualize # oops, that is uninteresting. $ git bisect visualize # oops, that is uninteresting.
$ git reset --hard HEAD~3 # try 3 revs before what $ git reset --hard HEAD~3 # try 3 revisions before what
# was suggested # was suggested
------------ ------------
Then compile and test the one you chose to try. After that, tell Then compile and test the chosen revision. Afterwards the revision
bisect what the result was as usual. is marked as good/bad in the usual manner.
Bisect skip Bisect skip
~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~
Instead of choosing by yourself a nearby commit, you may just want git Instead of choosing by yourself a nearby commit, you can ask git
to do it for you using: to do it for you by issuing the command:
------------ ------------
$ git bisect skip # Current version cannot be tested $ git bisect skip # Current version cannot be tested
------------ ------------
But computing the commit to test may be slower afterwards and git may But computing the commit to test may be slower afterwards and git may
eventually not be able to tell the first bad among a bad and one or eventually not be able to tell the first bad commit among a bad commit
more "skip"ped commits. and one or more skipped commits.
You can even skip a range of commits, instead of just one commit, You can even skip a range of commits, instead of just one commit,
using the "'<commit1>'..'<commit2>'" notation. For example: using the "'<commit1>'..'<commit2>'" notation. For example:
@ -174,30 +175,29 @@ $ git bisect skip v2.5..v2.6
would mean that no commit between `v2.5` excluded and `v2.6` included would mean that no commit between `v2.5` excluded and `v2.6` included
can be tested. can be tested.
Note that if you want to also skip the first commit of a range you can Note that if you also want to skip the first commit of the range you
use something like: would issue the command:
------------ ------------
$ git bisect skip v2.5 v2.5..v2.6 $ git bisect skip v2.5 v2.5..v2.6
------------ ------------
and the commit pointed to by `v2.5` will be skipped too. and the commit pointed to by `v2.5` would also be skipped.
Cutting down bisection by giving more parameters to bisect start Cutting down bisection by giving more parameters to bisect start
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
You can further cut down the number of trials if you know what part of You can further cut down the number of trials, if you know what part of
the tree is involved in the problem you are tracking down, by giving the tree is involved in the problem you are tracking down, by specifying
paths parameters when you say `bisect start`, like this: path parameters when issuing the `bisect start` command, like this:
------------ ------------
$ git bisect start -- arch/i386 include/asm-i386 $ git bisect start -- arch/i386 include/asm-i386
------------ ------------
If you know beforehand more than one good commits, you can narrow the If you know beforehand more than one good commit, you can narrow the
bisect space down without doing the whole tree checkout every time you bisect space down by specifying all of the good commits immediately after
give good commits. You give the bad revision immediately after `start` the bad commit when issuing the `bisect start` command:
and then you give all the good revisions you have:
------------ ------------
$ git bisect start v2.6.20-rc6 v2.6.20-rc4 v2.6.20-rc1 -- $ git bisect start v2.6.20-rc6 v2.6.20-rc4 v2.6.20-rc1 --
@ -209,38 +209,38 @@ Bisect run
~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~
If you have a script that can tell if the current source code is good If you have a script that can tell if the current source code is good
or bad, you can automatically bisect using: or bad, you can bisect by issuing the command:
------------ ------------
$ git bisect run my_script $ git bisect run my_script
------------ ------------
Note that the "run" script (`my_script` in the above example) should Note that the script (`my_script` in the above example) should
exit with code 0 in case the current source code is good. Exit with a exit with code 0 if the current source code is good, and exit with a
code between 1 and 127 (inclusive), except 125, if the current code between 1 and 127 (inclusive), except 125, if the current
source code is bad. source code is bad.
Any other exit code will abort the automatic bisect process. (A Any other exit code will abort the bisect process. It should be noted
program that does "exit(-1)" leaves $? = 255, see exit(3) manual page, that a program that terminates via "exit(-1)" leaves $? = 255, (see the
the value is chopped with "& 0377".) exit(3) manual page), as the value is chopped with "& 0377".
The special exit code 125 should be used when the current source code The special exit code 125 should be used when the current source code
cannot be tested. If the "run" script exits with this code, the current cannot be tested. If the script exits with this code, the current
revision will be skipped, see `git bisect skip` above. revision will be skipped (see `git bisect skip` above).
You may often find that during bisect you want to have near-constant You may often find that during a bisect session you want to have
tweaks (e.g., s/#define DEBUG 0/#define DEBUG 1/ in a header file, or temporary modifications (e.g. s/#define DEBUG 0/#define DEBUG 1/ in a
"revision that does not have this commit needs this patch applied to header file, or "revision that does not have this commit needs this
work around other problem this bisection is not interested in") patch applied to work around another problem this bisection is not
applied to the revision being tested. interested in") applied to the revision being tested.
To cope with such a situation, after the inner 'git bisect' finds the To cope with such a situation, after the inner 'git bisect' finds the
next revision to test, with the "run" script, you can apply that tweak next revision to test, the script can apply the patch
before compiling, run the real test, and after the test decides if the before compiling, run the real test, and afterwards decide if the
revision (possibly with the needed tweaks) passed the test, rewind the revision (possibly with the needed patch) passed the test and then
tree to the pristine state. Finally the "run" script can exit with rewind the tree to the pristine state. Finally the script should exit
the status of the real test to let the "git bisect run" command loop to with the status of the real test to let the "git bisect run" command loop
determine the outcome. to determine the eventual outcome of the bisect session.
EXAMPLES EXAMPLES
-------- --------
@ -257,39 +257,39 @@ $ git bisect run make # "make" builds the app
------------ ------------
$ cat ~/test.sh $ cat ~/test.sh
#!/bin/sh #!/bin/sh
make || exit 125 # this "skip"s broken builds make || exit 125 # this skips broken builds
make test # "make test" runs the test suite make test # "make test" runs the test suite
$ git bisect start v1.3 v1.1 -- # v1.3 is bad, v1.1 is good $ git bisect start v1.3 v1.1 -- # v1.3 is bad, v1.1 is good
$ git bisect run ~/test.sh $ git bisect run ~/test.sh
------------ ------------
+ +
Here we use a "test.sh" custom script. In this script, if "make" Here we use a "test.sh" custom script. In this script, if "make"
fails, we "skip" the current commit. fails, we skip the current commit.
+ +
It's safer to use a custom script outside the repo to prevent It is safer to use a custom script outside the repository to prevent
interactions between the bisect, make and test processes and the interactions between the bisect, make and test processes and the
script. script.
+ +
And "make test" should "exit 0", if the test suite passes, and "make test" should "exit 0", if the test suite passes, and
"exit 1" (for example) otherwise. "exit 1" otherwise.
* Automatically bisect a broken test case: * Automatically bisect a broken test case:
+ +
------------ ------------
$ cat ~/test.sh $ cat ~/test.sh
#!/bin/sh #!/bin/sh
make || exit 125 # this "skip"s broken builds make || exit 125 # this skips broken builds
~/check_test_case.sh # does the test case passes ? ~/check_test_case.sh # does the test case passes ?
$ git bisect start HEAD HEAD~10 -- # culprit is among the last 10 $ git bisect start HEAD HEAD~10 -- # culprit is among the last 10
$ git bisect run ~/test.sh $ git bisect run ~/test.sh
------------ ------------
+ +
Here "check_test_case.sh" should "exit 0", if the test case passes, Here "check_test_case.sh" should "exit 0" if the test case passes,
and "exit 1" (for example) otherwise. and "exit 1" otherwise.
+ +
It's safer if both "test.sh" and "check_test_case.sh" scripts are It is safer if both "test.sh" and "check_test_case.sh" scripts are
outside the repo to prevent interactions between the bisect, make and outside the repository to prevent interactions between the bisect,
test processes and the scripts. make and test processes and the scripts.
Author Author
------ ------