зеркало из https://github.com/microsoft/git.git
everyday: update for v1.5.0
Fix minor mark-up mistakes and adjust to v1.5.0 BCP, namely: - use "git add" instead of "git update-index"; - use "git merge" instead of "git pull ."; - use separate remote layout; - use config instead of remotes/origin file; Also updates "My typical git day" example since now I have 'next' branch these days. Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
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@ -47,11 +47,11 @@ $ git repack <3>
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$ git prune <4>
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------------
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+
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<1> running without "--full" is usually cheap and assures the
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<1> running without `\--full` is usually cheap and assures the
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repository health reasonably well.
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<2> check how many loose objects there are and how much
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disk space is wasted by not repacking.
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<3> without "-a" repacks incrementally. repacking every 4-5MB
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<3> without `-a` repacks incrementally. repacking every 4-5MB
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of loose objects accumulation may be a good rule of thumb.
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<4> after repack, prune removes the duplicate loose objects.
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@ -80,8 +80,7 @@ following commands.
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* gitlink:git-checkout[1] and gitlink:git-branch[1] to switch
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branches.
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* gitlink:git-add[1] and gitlink:git-update-index[1] to manage
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the index file.
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* gitlink:git-add[1] to manage the index file.
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* gitlink:git-diff[1] and gitlink:git-status[1] to see what
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you are in the middle of doing.
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@ -91,8 +90,7 @@ following commands.
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* gitlink:git-reset[1] and gitlink:git-checkout[1] (with
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pathname parameters) to undo changes.
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* gitlink:git-pull[1] with "." as the remote to merge between
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local branches.
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* gitlink:git-merge[1] to merge between local branches.
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* gitlink:git-rebase[1] to maintain topic branches.
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@ -101,7 +99,7 @@ following commands.
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Examples
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~~~~~~~~
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Use a tarball as a starting point for a new repository:
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Use a tarball as a starting point for a new repository.::
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+
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------------
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$ tar zxf frotz.tar.gz
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@ -123,7 +121,7 @@ $ edit/compile/test
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$ git checkout -- curses/ux_audio_oss.c <2>
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$ git add curses/ux_audio_alsa.c <3>
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$ edit/compile/test
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$ git diff <4>
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$ git diff HEAD <4>
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$ git commit -a -s <5>
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$ edit/compile/test
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$ git reset --soft HEAD^ <6>
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@ -131,15 +129,15 @@ $ edit/compile/test
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$ git diff ORIG_HEAD <7>
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$ git commit -a -c ORIG_HEAD <8>
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$ git checkout master <9>
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$ git pull . alsa-audio <10>
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$ git merge alsa-audio <10>
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$ git log --since='3 days ago' <11>
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$ git log v2.43.. curses/ <12>
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------------
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+
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<1> create a new topic branch.
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<2> revert your botched changes in "curses/ux_audio_oss.c".
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<2> revert your botched changes in `curses/ux_audio_oss.c`.
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<3> you need to tell git if you added a new file; removal and
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modification will be caught if you do "commit -a" later.
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modification will be caught if you do `git commit -a` later.
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<4> to see what changes you are committing.
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<5> commit everything as you have tested, with your sign-off.
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<6> take the last commit back, keeping what is in the working tree.
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@ -147,11 +145,13 @@ modification will be caught if you do "commit -a" later.
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<8> redo the commit undone in the previous step, using the message
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you originally wrote.
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<9> switch to the master branch.
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<10> merge a topic branch into your master branch
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<10> merge a topic branch into your master branch. You can also use
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`git pull . alsa-audio`, i.e. pull from the local repository.
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<11> review commit logs; other forms to limit output can be
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combined and include --max-count=10 (show 10 commits), --until='2005-12-10'.
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<12> view only the changes that touch what's in curses/
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directory, since v2.43 tag.
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combined and include `\--max-count=10` (show 10 commits),
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`\--until=2005-12-10`, etc.
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<12> view only the changes that touch what's in `curses/`
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directory, since `v2.43` tag.
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Individual Developer (Participant)[[Individual Developer (Participant)]]
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@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ $ git fetch --tags <8>
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+
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<1> repeat as needed.
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<2> extract patches from your branch for e-mail submission.
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<3> "pull" fetches from "origin" by default and merges into the
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<3> `git pull` fetches from `origin` by default and merges into the
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current branch.
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<4> immediately after pulling, look at the changes done upstream
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since last time we checked, only in the
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@ -201,37 +201,41 @@ area we are interested in.
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<5> fetch from a specific branch from a specific repository and merge.
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<6> revert the pull.
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<7> garbage collect leftover objects from reverted pull.
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<8> from time to time, obtain official tags from the "origin"
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and store them under .git/refs/tags/.
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<8> from time to time, obtain official tags from the `origin`
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and store them under `.git/refs/tags/`.
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Push into another repository.::
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+
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------------
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satellite$ git clone mothership:frotz/.git frotz <1>
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satellite$ git clone mothership:frotz frotz <1>
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satellite$ cd frotz
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satellite$ cat .git/remotes/origin <2>
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URL: mothership:frotz/.git
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Pull: master:origin
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satellite$ echo 'Push: master:satellite' >>.git/remotes/origin <3>
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satellite$ git repo-config --get-regexp '^(remote|branch)\.' <2>
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remote.origin.url mothership:frotz
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remote.origin.fetch refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
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branch.master.remote origin
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branch.master.merge refs/heads/master
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satellite$ git repo-config remote.origin.push \
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master:refs/remotes/satellite/master <3>
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satellite$ edit/compile/test/commit
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satellite$ git push origin <4>
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mothership$ cd frotz
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mothership$ git checkout master
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mothership$ git pull . satellite <5>
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mothership$ git merge satellite/master <5>
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------------
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+
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<1> mothership machine has a frotz repository under your home
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directory; clone from it to start a repository on the satellite
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machine.
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<2> clone creates this file by default. It arranges "git pull"
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to fetch and store the master branch head of mothership machine
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to local "origin" branch.
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<3> arrange "git push" to push local "master" branch to
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"satellite" branch of the mothership machine.
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<4> push will stash our work away on "satellite" branch on the
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mothership machine. You could use this as a back-up method.
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<2> clone sets these configuration variables by default.
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It arranges `git pull` to fetch and store the branches of mothership
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machine to local `remotes/origin/*` tracking branches.
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<3> arrange `git push` to push local `master` branch to
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`remotes/satellite/master` branch of the mothership machine.
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<4> push will stash our work away on `remotes/satellite/master`
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tracking branch on the mothership machine. You could use this as
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a back-up method.
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<5> on mothership machine, merge the work done on the satellite
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machine into the master branch.
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@ -247,7 +251,7 @@ $ git format-patch -k -m --stdout v2.6.14..private2.6.14 |
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+
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<1> create a private branch based on a well known (but somewhat behind)
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tag.
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<2> forward port all changes in private2.6.14 branch to master branch
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<2> forward port all changes in `private2.6.14` branch to `master` branch
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without a formal "merging".
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@ -284,13 +288,13 @@ $ mailx <3>
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& s 2 3 4 5 ./+to-apply
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& s 7 8 ./+hold-linus
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& q
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$ git checkout master
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$ git checkout -b topic/one master
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$ git am -3 -i -s -u ./+to-apply <4>
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$ compile/test
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$ git checkout -b hold/linus && git am -3 -i -s -u ./+hold-linus <5>
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$ git checkout topic/one && git rebase master <6>
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$ git checkout pu && git reset --hard master <7>
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$ git pull . topic/one topic/two && git pull . hold/linus <8>
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$ git checkout pu && git reset --hard next <7>
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$ git merge topic/one topic/two && git merge hold/linus <8>
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$ git checkout maint
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$ git cherry-pick master~4 <9>
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$ compile/test
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@ -307,29 +311,32 @@ they are.
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that are not quite ready.
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<4> apply them, interactively, with my sign-offs.
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<5> create topic branch as needed and apply, again with my
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sign-offs.
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sign-offs.
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<6> rebase internal topic branch that has not been merged to the
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master, nor exposed as a part of a stable branch.
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<7> restart "pu" every time from the master.
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<7> restart `pu` every time from the next.
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<8> and bundle topic branches still cooking.
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<9> backport a critical fix.
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<10> create a signed tag.
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<11> make sure I did not accidentally rewind master beyond what I
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already pushed out. "ko" shorthand points at the repository I have
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already pushed out. `ko` shorthand points at the repository I have
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at kernel.org, and looks like this:
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+
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------------
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$ cat .git/remotes/ko
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URL: kernel.org:/pub/scm/git/git.git
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Pull: master:refs/tags/ko-master
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Pull: next:refs/tags/ko-next
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Pull: maint:refs/tags/ko-maint
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Push: master
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Push: next
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Push: +pu
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Push: maint
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------------
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+
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In the output from "git show-branch", "master" should have
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everything "ko-master" has.
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In the output from `git show-branch`, `master` should have
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everything `ko-master` has, and `next` should have
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everything `ko-next` has.
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<12> push out the bleeding edge.
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<13> push the tag out, too.
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@ -406,7 +413,7 @@ $ grep git /etc/shells <2>
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------------
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+
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<1> log-in shell is set to /usr/bin/git-shell, which does not
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allow anything but "git push" and "git pull". The users should
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allow anything but `git push` and `git pull`. The users should
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get an ssh access to the machine.
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<2> in many distributions /etc/shells needs to list what is used
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as the login shell.
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