upload-pack: look up "want" lines via commit-graph

During packfile negotiation the client will send "want" and "want-ref"
lines to the server to tell it which objects it is interested in. The
server-side parses each of those and looks them up to see whether it
actually has requested objects. This lookup is performed by calling
`parse_object()` directly, which thus hits the object database. In the
general case though most of the objects the client requests will be
commits. We can thus try to look up the object via the commit-graph
opportunistically, which is much faster than doing the same via the
object database.

Refactor parsing of both "want" and "want-ref" lines to do so.

The following benchmark is executed in a repository with a huge number
of references. It uses cached request from git-fetch(1) as input to
git-upload-pack(1) that contains about 876,000 "want" lines:

    Benchmark 1: HEAD~
      Time (mean ± σ):      7.113 s ±  0.028 s    [User: 6.900 s, System: 0.662 s]
      Range (min … max):    7.072 s …  7.168 s    10 runs

    Benchmark 2: HEAD
      Time (mean ± σ):      6.622 s ±  0.061 s    [User: 6.452 s, System: 0.650 s]
      Range (min … max):    6.535 s …  6.727 s    10 runs

    Summary
      'HEAD' ran
        1.07 ± 0.01 times faster than 'HEAD~'

Signed-off-by: Patrick Steinhardt <ps@pks.im>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>

upload-pack.c

@@ -1400,13 +1400,19 @@ static int parse_want(struct packet_writer *writer, const char *line,
 	const char *arg;
 	if (skip_prefix(line, "want ", &arg)) {
 		struct object_id oid;
+		struct commit *commit;
 		struct object *o;
 
 		if (get_oid_hex(arg, &oid))
 			die("git upload-pack: protocol error, "
 			    "expected to get oid, not '%s'", line);
 
-		o = parse_object(the_repository, &oid);
+		commit = lookup_commit_in_graph(the_repository, &oid);
+		if (commit)
+			o = &commit->object;
+		else
+			o = parse_object(the_repository, &oid);
+
 		if (!o) {
 			packet_writer_error(writer,
 					    "upload-pack: not our ref %s",
@@ -1434,7 +1440,7 @@ static int parse_want_ref(struct packet_writer *writer, const char *line,
 	if (skip_prefix(line, "want-ref ", &refname_nons)) {
 		struct object_id oid;
 		struct string_list_item *item;
-		struct object *o;
+		struct object *o = NULL;
 		struct strbuf refname = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		strbuf_addf(&refname, "%s%s", get_git_namespace(), refname_nons);
@@ -1448,7 +1454,15 @@ static int parse_want_ref(struct packet_writer *writer, const char *line,
 		item = string_list_append(wanted_refs, refname_nons);
 		item->util = oiddup(&oid);
 
-		o = parse_object_or_die(&oid, refname_nons);
+		if (!starts_with(refname_nons, "refs/tags/")) {
+			struct commit *commit = lookup_commit_in_graph(the_repository, &oid);
+			if (commit)
+				o = &commit->object;
+		}
+
+		if (!o)
+			o = parse_object_or_die(&oid, refname_nons);
+
 		if (!(o->flags & WANTED)) {
 			o->flags |= WANTED;
 			add_object_array(o, NULL, want_obj);