зеркало из https://github.com/microsoft/git.git
Merge branch 'jc/git-log-doc'
* jc/git-log-doc: Include diff options in the git-log manpage
This commit is contained in:
Junio C Hamano
Коммит
c1f238698b
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@ -83,161 +83,4 @@ Note that 'combined diff' lists only files which were modified from
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all parents.
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Generating patches with -p
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--------------------------
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When "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree", or "git-diff-files" are run
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with a '-p' option, or "git diff" without the '--raw' option, they
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do not produce the output described above; instead they produce a
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patch file. You can customize the creation of such patches via the
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GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and the GIT_DIFF_OPTS environment variables.
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What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
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diff format.
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1. It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
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this:
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diff --git a/file1 b/file2
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+
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The `a/` and `b/` filenames are the same unless rename/copy is
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involved. Especially, even for a creation or a deletion,
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`/dev/null` is _not_ used in place of `a/` or `b/` filenames.
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+
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When rename/copy is involved, `file1` and `file2` show the
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name of the source file of the rename/copy and the name of
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the file that rename/copy produces, respectively.
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2. It is followed by one or more extended header lines:
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old mode <mode>
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new mode <mode>
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deleted file mode <mode>
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new file mode <mode>
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copy from <path>
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copy to <path>
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rename from <path>
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rename to <path>
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similarity index <number>
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dissimilarity index <number>
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index <hash>..<hash> <mode>
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3. TAB, LF, double quote and backslash characters in pathnames
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are represented as `\t`, `\n`, `\"` and `\\`, respectively.
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If there is need for such substitution then the whole
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pathname is put in double quotes.
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The similarity index is the percentage of unchanged lines, and
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the dissimilarity index is the percentage of changed lines. It
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is a rounded down integer, followed by a percent sign. The
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similarity index value of 100% is thus reserved for two equal
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files, while 100% dissimilarity means that no line from the old
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file made it into the new one.
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combined diff format
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--------------------
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"git-diff-tree", "git-diff-files" and "git-diff" can take '-c' or
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'--cc' option to produce 'combined diff', which looks like this:
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------------
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diff --combined describe.c
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index fabadb8,cc95eb0..4866510
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--- a/describe.c
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+++ b/describe.c
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@@@ -98,20 -98,12 +98,20 @@@
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return (a_date > b_date) ? -1 : (a_date == b_date) ? 0 : 1;
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}
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- static void describe(char *arg)
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-static void describe(struct commit *cmit, int last_one)
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++static void describe(char *arg, int last_one)
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{
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+ unsigned char sha1[20];
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+ struct commit *cmit;
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struct commit_list *list;
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static int initialized = 0;
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struct commit_name *n;
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+ if (get_sha1(arg, sha1) < 0)
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+ usage(describe_usage);
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+ cmit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
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+ if (!cmit)
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+ usage(describe_usage);
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+
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if (!initialized) {
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initialized = 1;
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for_each_ref(get_name);
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------------
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1. It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
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this (when '-c' option is used):
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diff --combined file
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+
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or like this (when '--cc' option is used):
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diff --c file
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2. It is followed by one or more extended header lines
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(this example shows a merge with two parents):
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||||
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index <hash>,<hash>..<hash>
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mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>
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new file mode <mode>
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deleted file mode <mode>,<mode>
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+
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The `mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>` line appears only if at least one of
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the <mode> is different from the rest. Extended headers with
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information about detected contents movement (renames and
|
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copying detection) are designed to work with diff of two
|
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<tree-ish> and are not used by combined diff format.
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3. It is followed by two-line from-file/to-file header
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--- a/file
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+++ b/file
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+
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Similar to two-line header for traditional 'unified' diff
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format, `/dev/null` is used to signal created or deleted
|
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files.
|
||||
|
||||
4. Chunk header format is modified to prevent people from
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||||
accidentally feeding it to `patch -p1`. Combined diff format
|
||||
was created for review of merge commit changes, and was not
|
||||
meant for apply. The change is similar to the change in the
|
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extended 'index' header:
|
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|
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@@@ <from-file-range> <from-file-range> <to-file-range> @@@
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+
|
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There are (number of parents + 1) `@` characters in the chunk
|
||||
header for combined diff format.
|
||||
|
||||
Unlike the traditional 'unified' diff format, which shows two
|
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files A and B with a single column that has `-` (minus --
|
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appears in A but removed in B), `+` (plus -- missing in A but
|
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added to B), or `" "` (space -- unchanged) prefix, this format
|
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compares two or more files file1, file2,... with one file X, and
|
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shows how X differs from each of fileN. One column for each of
|
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fileN is prepended to the output line to note how X's line is
|
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different from it.
|
||||
|
||||
A `-` character in the column N means that the line appears in
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fileN but it does not appear in the result. A `+` character
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in the column N means that the line appears in the last file,
|
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and fileN does not have that line (in other words, the line was
|
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added, from the point of view of that parent).
|
||||
|
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In the above example output, the function signature was changed
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from both files (hence two `-` removals from both file1 and
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file2, plus `++` to mean one line that was added does not appear
|
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in either file1 nor file2). Also two other lines are the same
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from file1 but do not appear in file2 (hence prefixed with ` +`).
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|
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When shown by `git diff-tree -c`, it compares the parents of a
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merge commit with the merge result (i.e. file1..fileN are the
|
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parents). When shown by `git diff-files -c`, it compares the
|
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two unresolved merge parents with the working tree file
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(i.e. file1 is stage 2 aka "our version", file2 is stage 3 aka
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"their version").
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include::diff-generate-patch.txt[]
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|
|
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@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
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Generating patches with -p
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--------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
When "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree", or "git-diff-files" are run
|
||||
with a '-p' option, "git diff" without the '--raw' option, or
|
||||
"git log" with the "-p" option, they
|
||||
do not produce the output described above; instead they produce a
|
||||
patch file. You can customize the creation of such patches via the
|
||||
GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and the GIT_DIFF_OPTS environment variables.
|
||||
|
||||
What the -p option produces is slightly different from the traditional
|
||||
diff format.
|
||||
|
||||
1. It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
|
||||
this:
|
||||
|
||||
diff --git a/file1 b/file2
|
||||
+
|
||||
The `a/` and `b/` filenames are the same unless rename/copy is
|
||||
involved. Especially, even for a creation or a deletion,
|
||||
`/dev/null` is _not_ used in place of `a/` or `b/` filenames.
|
||||
+
|
||||
When rename/copy is involved, `file1` and `file2` show the
|
||||
name of the source file of the rename/copy and the name of
|
||||
the file that rename/copy produces, respectively.
|
||||
|
||||
2. It is followed by one or more extended header lines:
|
||||
|
||||
old mode <mode>
|
||||
new mode <mode>
|
||||
deleted file mode <mode>
|
||||
new file mode <mode>
|
||||
copy from <path>
|
||||
copy to <path>
|
||||
rename from <path>
|
||||
rename to <path>
|
||||
similarity index <number>
|
||||
dissimilarity index <number>
|
||||
index <hash>..<hash> <mode>
|
||||
|
||||
3. TAB, LF, double quote and backslash characters in pathnames
|
||||
are represented as `\t`, `\n`, `\"` and `\\`, respectively.
|
||||
If there is need for such substitution then the whole
|
||||
pathname is put in double quotes.
|
||||
|
||||
The similarity index is the percentage of unchanged lines, and
|
||||
the dissimilarity index is the percentage of changed lines. It
|
||||
is a rounded down integer, followed by a percent sign. The
|
||||
similarity index value of 100% is thus reserved for two equal
|
||||
files, while 100% dissimilarity means that no line from the old
|
||||
file made it into the new one.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
combined diff format
|
||||
--------------------
|
||||
|
||||
"git-diff-tree", "git-diff-files" and "git-diff" can take '-c' or
|
||||
'--cc' option to produce 'combined diff'. For showing a merge commit
|
||||
with "git log -p", this is the default format.
|
||||
A 'combined diff' format looks like this:
|
||||
|
||||
------------
|
||||
diff --combined describe.c
|
||||
index fabadb8,cc95eb0..4866510
|
||||
--- a/describe.c
|
||||
+++ b/describe.c
|
||||
@@@ -98,20 -98,12 +98,20 @@@
|
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return (a_date > b_date) ? -1 : (a_date == b_date) ? 0 : 1;
|
||||
}
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||||
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- static void describe(char *arg)
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-static void describe(struct commit *cmit, int last_one)
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++static void describe(char *arg, int last_one)
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{
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+ unsigned char sha1[20];
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+ struct commit *cmit;
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struct commit_list *list;
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static int initialized = 0;
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struct commit_name *n;
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+ if (get_sha1(arg, sha1) < 0)
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+ usage(describe_usage);
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+ cmit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
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+ if (!cmit)
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+ usage(describe_usage);
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+
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if (!initialized) {
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initialized = 1;
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for_each_ref(get_name);
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------------
|
||||
|
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1. It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
|
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this (when '-c' option is used):
|
||||
|
||||
diff --combined file
|
||||
+
|
||||
or like this (when '--cc' option is used):
|
||||
|
||||
diff --c file
|
||||
|
||||
2. It is followed by one or more extended header lines
|
||||
(this example shows a merge with two parents):
|
||||
|
||||
index <hash>,<hash>..<hash>
|
||||
mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>
|
||||
new file mode <mode>
|
||||
deleted file mode <mode>,<mode>
|
||||
+
|
||||
The `mode <mode>,<mode>..<mode>` line appears only if at least one of
|
||||
the <mode> is different from the rest. Extended headers with
|
||||
information about detected contents movement (renames and
|
||||
copying detection) are designed to work with diff of two
|
||||
<tree-ish> and are not used by combined diff format.
|
||||
|
||||
3. It is followed by two-line from-file/to-file header
|
||||
|
||||
--- a/file
|
||||
+++ b/file
|
||||
+
|
||||
Similar to two-line header for traditional 'unified' diff
|
||||
format, `/dev/null` is used to signal created or deleted
|
||||
files.
|
||||
|
||||
4. Chunk header format is modified to prevent people from
|
||||
accidentally feeding it to `patch -p1`. Combined diff format
|
||||
was created for review of merge commit changes, and was not
|
||||
meant for apply. The change is similar to the change in the
|
||||
extended 'index' header:
|
||||
|
||||
@@@ <from-file-range> <from-file-range> <to-file-range> @@@
|
||||
+
|
||||
There are (number of parents + 1) `@` characters in the chunk
|
||||
header for combined diff format.
|
||||
|
||||
Unlike the traditional 'unified' diff format, which shows two
|
||||
files A and B with a single column that has `-` (minus --
|
||||
appears in A but removed in B), `+` (plus -- missing in A but
|
||||
added to B), or `" "` (space -- unchanged) prefix, this format
|
||||
compares two or more files file1, file2,... with one file X, and
|
||||
shows how X differs from each of fileN. One column for each of
|
||||
fileN is prepended to the output line to note how X's line is
|
||||
different from it.
|
||||
|
||||
A `-` character in the column N means that the line appears in
|
||||
fileN but it does not appear in the result. A `+` character
|
||||
in the column N means that the line appears in the last file,
|
||||
and fileN does not have that line (in other words, the line was
|
||||
added, from the point of view of that parent).
|
||||
|
||||
In the above example output, the function signature was changed
|
||||
from both files (hence two `-` removals from both file1 and
|
||||
file2, plus `++` to mean one line that was added does not appear
|
||||
in either file1 nor file2). Also two other lines are the same
|
||||
from file1 but do not appear in file2 (hence prefixed with ` +`).
|
||||
|
||||
When shown by `git diff-tree -c`, it compares the parents of a
|
||||
merge commit with the merge result (i.e. file1..fileN are the
|
||||
parents). When shown by `git diff-files -c`, it compares the
|
||||
two unresolved merge parents with the working tree file
|
||||
(i.e. file1 is stage 2 aka "our version", file2 is stage 3 aka
|
||||
"their version").
|
||||
|
|
@ -6,7 +6,9 @@
|
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|
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ifndef::git-format-patch[]
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ifndef::git-diff[]
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ifndef::git-log[]
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:git-diff-core: 1
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endif::git-log[]
|
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endif::git-diff[]
|
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endif::git-format-patch[]
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ OPTIONS
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|||
|
||||
include::pretty-options.txt[]
|
||||
|
||||
:git-log: 1
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include::diff-options.txt[]
|
||||
|
||||
-<n>::
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Limits the number of commits to show.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -43,9 +46,6 @@ include::pretty-options.txt[]
|
|||
commit. This option gives a better overview of the
|
||||
evolution of a particular branch.
|
||||
|
||||
-p::
|
||||
Show the change the commit introduces in a patch form.
|
||||
|
||||
-g, \--walk-reflogs::
|
||||
Show commits as they were recorded in the reflog. The log contains
|
||||
a record about how the tip of a reference was changed.
|
||||
|
|
@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ include::pretty-options.txt[]
|
|||
|
||||
include::pretty-formats.txt[]
|
||||
|
||||
include::diff-generate-patch.txt[]
|
||||
|
||||
Examples
|
||||
--------
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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