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110 строки
3.3 KiB
Plaintext
110 строки
3.3 KiB
Plaintext
Motivation
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==========
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Treaps provide a memory-efficient binary search tree structure.
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Insertion/deletion/search are about as about as fast in the average
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case as red-black trees and the chances of worst-case behavior are
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vanishingly small, thanks to (pseudo-)randomness. The bad worst-case
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behavior is a small price to pay, given that treaps are much simpler
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to implement.
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API
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===
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The trp API generates a data structure and functions to handle a
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large growing set of objects stored in a pool.
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The caller:
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. Specifies parameters for the generated functions with the
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trp_gen(static, foo_, ...) macro.
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. Allocates a `struct trp_root` variable and sets it to {~0}.
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. Adds new nodes to the set using `foo_insert`. Any pointers
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to existing nodes cannot be relied upon any more, so the caller
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might retrieve them anew with `foo_pointer`.
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. Can find a specific item in the set using `foo_search`.
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. Can iterate over items in the set using `foo_first` and `foo_next`.
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. Can remove an item from the set using `foo_remove`.
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Example:
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----
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struct ex_node {
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const char *s;
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struct trp_node ex_link;
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};
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static struct trp_root ex_base = {~0};
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obj_pool_gen(ex, struct ex_node, 4096);
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trp_gen(static, ex_, struct ex_node, ex_link, ex, strcmp)
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struct ex_node *item;
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item = ex_pointer(ex_alloc(1));
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item->s = "hello";
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ex_insert(&ex_base, item);
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item = ex_pointer(ex_alloc(1));
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item->s = "goodbye";
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ex_insert(&ex_base, item);
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for (item = ex_first(&ex_base); item; item = ex_next(&ex_base, item))
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printf("%s\n", item->s);
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----
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Functions
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---------
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trp_gen(attr, foo_, node_type, link_field, pool, cmp)::
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Generate a type-specific treap implementation.
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+
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. The storage class for generated functions will be 'attr' (e.g., `static`).
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. Generated function names are prefixed with 'foo_' (e.g., `treap_`).
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. Treap nodes will be of type 'node_type' (e.g., `struct treap_node`).
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This type must be a struct with at least one `struct trp_node` field
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to point to its children.
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. The field used to access child nodes will be 'link_field'.
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. All treap nodes must lie in the 'pool' object pool.
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. Treap nodes must be totally ordered by the 'cmp' relation, with the
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following prototype:
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+
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int (*cmp)(node_type \*a, node_type \*b)
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+
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and returning a value less than, equal to, or greater than zero
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according to the result of comparison.
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node_type {asterisk}foo_insert(struct trp_root *treap, node_type \*node)::
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Insert node into treap. If inserted multiple times,
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a node will appear in the treap multiple times.
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+
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The return value is the address of the node within the treap,
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which might differ from `node` if `pool_alloc` had to call
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`realloc` to expand the pool.
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void foo_remove(struct trp_root *treap, node_type \*node)::
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Remove node from treap. Caller must ensure node is
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present in treap before using this function.
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node_type *foo_search(struct trp_root \*treap, node_type \*key)::
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Search for a node that matches key. If no match is found,
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result is NULL.
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node_type *foo_nsearch(struct trp_root \*treap, node_type \*key)::
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Like `foo_search`, but if if the key is missing return what
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would be key's successor, were key in treap (NULL if no
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successor).
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node_type *foo_first(struct trp_root \*treap)::
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Find the first item from the treap, in sorted order.
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node_type *foo_next(struct trp_root \*treap, node_type \*node)::
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Find the next item.
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