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530 строки
20 KiB
Plaintext
530 строки
20 KiB
Plaintext
git-status(1)
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=============
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NAME
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----
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git-status - Show the working tree status
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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[verse]
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'git status' [<options>] [--] [<pathspec>...]
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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Displays paths that have differences between the index file and the
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current HEAD commit, paths that have differences between the working
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tree and the index file, and paths in the working tree that are not
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tracked by Git (and are not ignored by linkgit:gitignore[5]). The first
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are what you _would_ commit by running `git commit`; the second and
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third are what you _could_ commit by running 'git add' before running
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`git commit`.
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OPTIONS
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-------
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-s::
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--short::
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Give the output in the short-format.
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-b::
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--branch::
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Show the branch and tracking info even in short-format.
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--show-stash::
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Show the number of entries currently stashed away.
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--porcelain[=<version>]::
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Give the output in an easy-to-parse format for scripts.
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This is similar to the short output, but will remain stable
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across Git versions and regardless of user configuration. See
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below for details.
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+
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The version parameter is used to specify the format version.
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This is optional and defaults to the original version 'v1' format.
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--long::
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Give the output in the long-format. This is the default.
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-v::
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--verbose::
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In addition to the names of files that have been changed, also
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show the textual changes that are staged to be committed
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(i.e., like the output of `git diff --cached`). If `-v` is specified
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twice, then also show the changes in the working tree that
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have not yet been staged (i.e., like the output of `git diff`).
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-u[<mode>]::
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--untracked-files[=<mode>]::
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Show untracked files.
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+
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--
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The mode parameter is used to specify the handling of untracked files.
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It is optional: it defaults to 'all', and if specified, it must be
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stuck to the option (e.g. `-uno`, but not `-u no`).
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The possible options are:
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- 'no' - Show no untracked files.
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- 'normal' - Shows untracked files and directories.
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- 'all' - Also shows individual files in untracked directories.
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When `-u` option is not used, untracked files and directories are
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shown (i.e. the same as specifying `normal`), to help you avoid
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forgetting to add newly created files. Because it takes extra work
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to find untracked files in the filesystem, this mode may take some
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time in a large working tree.
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Consider enabling untracked cache and split index if supported (see
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`git update-index --untracked-cache` and `git update-index
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--split-index`), Otherwise you can use `no` to have `git status`
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return more quickly without showing untracked files.
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All usual spellings for Boolean value `true` are taken as `normal`
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and `false` as `no`.
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The default can be changed using the status.showUntrackedFiles
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configuration variable documented in linkgit:git-config[1].
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--
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--ignore-submodules[=<when>]::
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Ignore changes to submodules when looking for changes. <when> can be
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either "none", "untracked", "dirty" or "all", which is the default.
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Using "none" will consider the submodule modified when it either contains
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untracked or modified files or its HEAD differs from the commit recorded
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in the superproject and can be used to override any settings of the
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'ignore' option in linkgit:git-config[1] or linkgit:gitmodules[5]. When
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"untracked" is used submodules are not considered dirty when they only
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contain untracked content (but they are still scanned for modified
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content). Using "dirty" ignores all changes to the work tree of submodules,
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only changes to the commits stored in the superproject are shown (this was
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the behavior before 1.7.0). Using "all" hides all changes to submodules
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(and suppresses the output of submodule summaries when the config option
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`status.submoduleSummary` is set).
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--ignored[=<mode>]::
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Show ignored files as well.
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+
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--
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The mode parameter is used to specify the handling of ignored files.
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It is optional: it defaults to 'traditional'.
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The possible options are:
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- 'traditional' - Shows ignored files and directories, unless
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--untracked-files=all is specified, in which case
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individual files in ignored directories are
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displayed.
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- 'no' - Show no ignored files.
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- 'matching' - Shows ignored files and directories matching an
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ignore pattern.
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When 'matching' mode is specified, paths that explicitly match an
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ignored pattern are shown. If a directory matches an ignore pattern,
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then it is shown, but not paths contained in the ignored directory. If
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a directory does not match an ignore pattern, but all contents are
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ignored, then the directory is not shown, but all contents are shown.
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--
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-z::
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Terminate entries with NUL, instead of LF. This implies
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the `--porcelain=v1` output format if no other format is given.
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--column[=<options>]::
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--no-column::
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Display untracked files in columns. See configuration variable
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`column.status` for option syntax. `--column` and `--no-column`
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without options are equivalent to 'always' and 'never'
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respectively.
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--ahead-behind::
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--no-ahead-behind::
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Display or do not display detailed ahead/behind counts for the
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branch relative to its upstream branch. Defaults to true.
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--renames::
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--no-renames::
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Turn on/off rename detection regardless of user configuration.
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See also linkgit:git-diff[1] `--no-renames`.
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--find-renames[=<n>]::
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Turn on rename detection, optionally setting the similarity
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threshold.
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See also linkgit:git-diff[1] `--find-renames`.
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<pathspec>...::
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See the 'pathspec' entry in linkgit:gitglossary[7].
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OUTPUT
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------
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The output from this command is designed to be used as a commit
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template comment.
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The default, long format, is designed to be human readable,
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verbose and descriptive. Its contents and format are subject to change
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at any time.
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The paths mentioned in the output, unlike many other Git commands, are
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made relative to the current directory if you are working in a
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subdirectory (this is on purpose, to help cutting and pasting). See
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the status.relativePaths config option below.
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Short Format
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~~~~~~~~~~~~
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In the short-format, the status of each path is shown as one of these
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forms
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XY PATH
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XY ORIG_PATH -> PATH
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where `ORIG_PATH` is where the renamed/copied contents came
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from. `ORIG_PATH` is only shown when the entry is renamed or
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copied. The `XY` is a two-letter status code.
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The fields (including the `->`) are separated from each other by a
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single space. If a filename contains whitespace or other nonprintable
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characters, that field will be quoted in the manner of a C string
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literal: surrounded by ASCII double quote (34) characters, and with
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interior special characters backslash-escaped.
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There are three different types of states that are shown using this format, and
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each one uses the `XY` syntax differently:
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* When a merge is occurring and the merge was successful, or outside of a merge
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situation, `X` shows the status of the index and `Y` shows the status of the
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working tree.
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* When a merge conflict has occurred and has not yet been resolved, `X` and `Y`
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show the state introduced by each head of the merge, relative to the common
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ancestor. These paths are said to be _unmerged_.
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* When a path is untracked, `X` and `Y` are always the same, since they are
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unknown to the index. `??` is used for untracked paths. Ignored files are
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not listed unless `--ignored` is used; if it is, ignored files are indicated
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by `!!`.
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Note that the term _merge_ here also includes rebases using the default
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`--merge` strategy, cherry-picks, and anything else using the merge machinery.
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In the following table, these three classes are shown in separate sections, and
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these characters are used for `X` and `Y` fields for the first two sections that
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show tracked paths:
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* ' ' = unmodified
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* 'M' = modified
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* 'T' = file type changed (regular file, symbolic link or submodule)
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* 'A' = added
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* 'D' = deleted
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* 'R' = renamed
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* 'C' = copied (if config option status.renames is set to "copies")
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* 'U' = updated but unmerged
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....
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X Y Meaning
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-------------------------------------------------
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[AMD] not updated
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M [ MTD] updated in index
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T [ MTD] type changed in index
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A [ MTD] added to index
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D deleted from index
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R [ MTD] renamed in index
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C [ MTD] copied in index
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[MTARC] index and work tree matches
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[ MTARC] M work tree changed since index
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[ MTARC] T type changed in work tree since index
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[ MTARC] D deleted in work tree
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R renamed in work tree
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C copied in work tree
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-------------------------------------------------
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D D unmerged, both deleted
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A U unmerged, added by us
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U D unmerged, deleted by them
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U A unmerged, added by them
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D U unmerged, deleted by us
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A A unmerged, both added
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U U unmerged, both modified
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-------------------------------------------------
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? ? untracked
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! ! ignored
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-------------------------------------------------
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....
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Submodules have more state and instead report
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* 'M' = the submodule has a different HEAD than recorded in the index
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* 'm' = the submodule has modified content
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* '?' = the submodule has untracked files
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This is since modified content or untracked files in a submodule cannot be added
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via `git add` in the superproject to prepare a commit.
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'm' and '?' are applied recursively. For example if a nested submodule
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in a submodule contains an untracked file, this is reported as '?' as well.
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If -b is used the short-format status is preceded by a line
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## branchname tracking info
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Porcelain Format Version 1
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Version 1 porcelain format is similar to the short format, but is guaranteed
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not to change in a backwards-incompatible way between Git versions or
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based on user configuration. This makes it ideal for parsing by scripts.
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The description of the short format above also describes the porcelain
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format, with a few exceptions:
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1. The user's color.status configuration is not respected; color will
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always be off.
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2. The user's status.relativePaths configuration is not respected; paths
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shown will always be relative to the repository root.
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There is also an alternate -z format recommended for machine parsing. In
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that format, the status field is the same, but some other things
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change. First, the '\->' is omitted from rename entries and the field
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order is reversed (e.g 'from \-> to' becomes 'to from'). Second, a NUL
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(ASCII 0) follows each filename, replacing space as a field separator
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and the terminating newline (but a space still separates the status
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field from the first filename). Third, filenames containing special
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characters are not specially formatted; no quoting or
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backslash-escaping is performed.
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Any submodule changes are reported as modified `M` instead of `m` or single `?`.
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Porcelain Format Version 2
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Version 2 format adds more detailed information about the state of
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the worktree and changed items. Version 2 also defines an extensible
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set of easy to parse optional headers.
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Header lines start with "#" and are added in response to specific
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command line arguments. Parsers should ignore headers they
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don't recognize.
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Branch Headers
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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If `--branch` is given, a series of header lines are printed with
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information about the current branch.
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....
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Line Notes
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------------------------------------------------------------
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# branch.oid <commit> | (initial) Current commit.
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# branch.head <branch> | (detached) Current branch.
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# branch.upstream <upstream-branch> If upstream is set.
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# branch.ab +<ahead> -<behind> If upstream is set and
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the commit is present.
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------------------------------------------------------------
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....
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Stash Information
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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If `--show-stash` is given, one line is printed showing the number of stash
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entries if non-zero:
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# stash <N>
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Changed Tracked Entries
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Following the headers, a series of lines are printed for tracked
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entries. One of three different line formats may be used to describe
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an entry depending on the type of change. Tracked entries are printed
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in an undefined order; parsers should allow for a mixture of the 3
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line types in any order.
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Ordinary changed entries have the following format:
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1 <XY> <sub> <mH> <mI> <mW> <hH> <hI> <path>
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Renamed or copied entries have the following format:
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2 <XY> <sub> <mH> <mI> <mW> <hH> <hI> <X><score> <path><sep><origPath>
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....
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Field Meaning
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--------------------------------------------------------
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<XY> A 2 character field containing the staged and
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unstaged XY values described in the short format,
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with unchanged indicated by a "." rather than
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a space.
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<sub> A 4 character field describing the submodule state.
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"N..." when the entry is not a submodule.
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"S<c><m><u>" when the entry is a submodule.
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<c> is "C" if the commit changed; otherwise ".".
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<m> is "M" if it has tracked changes; otherwise ".".
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<u> is "U" if there are untracked changes; otherwise ".".
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<mH> The octal file mode in HEAD.
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<mI> The octal file mode in the index.
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<mW> The octal file mode in the worktree.
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<hH> The object name in HEAD.
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<hI> The object name in the index.
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<X><score> The rename or copy score (denoting the percentage
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of similarity between the source and target of the
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move or copy). For example "R100" or "C75".
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<path> The pathname. In a renamed/copied entry, this
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is the target path.
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<sep> When the `-z` option is used, the 2 pathnames are separated
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with a NUL (ASCII 0x00) byte; otherwise, a tab (ASCII 0x09)
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byte separates them.
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<origPath> The pathname in the commit at HEAD or in the index.
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This is only present in a renamed/copied entry, and
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tells where the renamed/copied contents came from.
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--------------------------------------------------------
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....
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Unmerged entries have the following format; the first character is
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a "u" to distinguish from ordinary changed entries.
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u <XY> <sub> <m1> <m2> <m3> <mW> <h1> <h2> <h3> <path>
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....
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Field Meaning
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--------------------------------------------------------
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<XY> A 2 character field describing the conflict type
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as described in the short format.
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<sub> A 4 character field describing the submodule state
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as described above.
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<m1> The octal file mode in stage 1.
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<m2> The octal file mode in stage 2.
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<m3> The octal file mode in stage 3.
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<mW> The octal file mode in the worktree.
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<h1> The object name in stage 1.
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<h2> The object name in stage 2.
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<h3> The object name in stage 3.
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<path> The pathname.
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--------------------------------------------------------
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....
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Other Items
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^^^^^^^^^^^
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Following the tracked entries (and if requested), a series of
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lines will be printed for untracked and then ignored items
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found in the worktree.
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Untracked items have the following format:
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? <path>
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Ignored items have the following format:
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! <path>
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Pathname Format Notes and -z
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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When the `-z` option is given, pathnames are printed as is and
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without any quoting and lines are terminated with a NUL (ASCII 0x00)
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byte.
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Without the `-z` option, pathnames with "unusual" characters are
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quoted as explained for the configuration variable `core.quotePath`
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(see linkgit:git-config[1]).
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CONFIGURATION
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-------------
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The command honors `color.status` (or `status.color` -- they
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mean the same thing and the latter is kept for backward
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compatibility) and `color.status.<slot>` configuration variables
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to colorize its output.
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If the config variable `status.relativePaths` is set to false, then all
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paths shown are relative to the repository root, not to the current
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directory.
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If `status.submoduleSummary` is set to a non zero number or true (identical
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to -1 or an unlimited number), the submodule summary will be enabled for
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the long format and a summary of commits for modified submodules will be
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shown (see --summary-limit option of linkgit:git-submodule[1]). Please note
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that the summary output from the status command will be suppressed for all
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submodules when `diff.ignoreSubmodules` is set to 'all' or only for those
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submodules where `submodule.<name>.ignore=all`. To also view the summary for
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ignored submodules you can either use the --ignore-submodules=dirty command
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line option or the 'git submodule summary' command, which shows a similar
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output but does not honor these settings.
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BACKGROUND REFRESH
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------------------
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By default, `git status` will automatically refresh the index, updating
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the cached stat information from the working tree and writing out the
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result. Writing out the updated index is an optimization that isn't
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strictly necessary (`status` computes the values for itself, but writing
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them out is just to save subsequent programs from repeating our
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computation). When `status` is run in the background, the lock held
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during the write may conflict with other simultaneous processes, causing
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them to fail. Scripts running `status` in the background should consider
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using `git --no-optional-locks status` (see linkgit:git[1] for details).
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UNTRACKED FILES AND PERFORMANCE
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-------------------------------
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`git status` can be very slow in large worktrees if/when it
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needs to search for untracked files and directories. There are
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many configuration options available to speed this up by either
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avoiding the work or making use of cached results from previous
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Git commands. There is no single optimum set of settings right
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for everyone. We'll list a summary of the relevant options to help
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you, but before going into the list, you may want to run `git status`
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again, because your configuration may already be caching `git status`
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results, so it could be faster on subsequent runs.
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* The `--untracked-files=no` flag or the
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`status.showUntrackedFiles=no` config (see above for both):
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indicate that `git status` should not report untracked
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files. This is the fastest option. `git status` will not list
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the untracked files, so you need to be careful to remember if
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you create any new files and manually `git add` them.
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* `advice.statusUoption=false` (see linkgit:git-config[1]):
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setting this variable to `false` disables the warning message
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given when enumerating untracked files takes more than 2
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seconds. In a large project, it may take longer and the user
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may have already accepted the trade off (e.g. using "-uno" may
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not be an acceptable option for the user), in which case, there
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is no point issuing the warning message, and in such a case,
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disabling the warning may be the best.
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* `core.untrackedCache=true` (see linkgit:git-update-index[1]):
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enable the untracked cache feature and only search directories
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that have been modified since the previous `git status` command.
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Git remembers the set of untracked files within each directory
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and assumes that if a directory has not been modified, then
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the set of untracked files within has not changed. This is much
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faster than enumerating the contents of every directory, but still
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|
not without cost, because Git still has to search for the set of
|
|
modified directories. The untracked cache is stored in the
|
|
`.git/index` file. The reduced cost of searching for untracked
|
|
files is offset slightly by the increased size of the index and
|
|
the cost of keeping it up-to-date. That reduced search time is
|
|
usually worth the additional size.
|
|
|
|
* `core.untrackedCache=true` and `core.fsmonitor=true` or
|
|
`core.fsmonitor=<hook-command-pathname>` (see
|
|
linkgit:git-update-index[1]): enable both the untracked cache
|
|
and FSMonitor features and only search directories that have
|
|
been modified since the previous `git status` command. This
|
|
is faster than using just the untracked cache alone because
|
|
Git can also avoid searching for modified directories. Git
|
|
only has to enumerate the exact set of directories that have
|
|
changed recently. While the FSMonitor feature can be enabled
|
|
without the untracked cache, the benefits are greatly reduced
|
|
in that case.
|
|
|
|
Note that after you turn on the untracked cache and/or FSMonitor
|
|
features it may take a few `git status` commands for the various
|
|
caches to warm up before you see improved command times. This is
|
|
normal.
|
|
|
|
SEE ALSO
|
|
--------
|
|
linkgit:gitignore[5]
|
|
|
|
GIT
|
|
---
|
|
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
|