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389 строки
15 KiB
Plaintext
389 строки
15 KiB
Plaintext
PRETTY FORMATS
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--------------
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If the commit is a merge, and if the pretty-format
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is not 'oneline', 'email' or 'raw', an additional line is
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inserted before the 'Author:' line. This line begins with
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"Merge: " and the hashes of ancestral commits are printed,
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separated by spaces. Note that the listed commits may not
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necessarily be the list of the *direct* parent commits if you
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have limited your view of history: for example, if you are
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only interested in changes related to a certain directory or
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file.
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There are several built-in formats, and you can define
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additional formats by setting a pretty.<name>
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config option to either another format name, or a
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'format:' string, as described below (see
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linkgit:git-config[1]). Here are the details of the
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built-in formats:
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* 'oneline'
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<hash> <title-line>
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+
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This is designed to be as compact as possible.
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* 'short'
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commit <hash>
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Author: <author>
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<title-line>
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* 'medium'
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commit <hash>
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Author: <author>
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Date: <author-date>
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<title-line>
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<full-commit-message>
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* 'full'
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commit <hash>
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Author: <author>
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Commit: <committer>
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<title-line>
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<full-commit-message>
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* 'fuller'
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commit <hash>
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Author: <author>
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AuthorDate: <author-date>
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Commit: <committer>
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CommitDate: <committer-date>
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<title-line>
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<full-commit-message>
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* 'reference'
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<abbrev-hash> (<title-line>, <short-author-date>)
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+
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This format is used to refer to another commit in a commit message and
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is the same as `--pretty='format:%C(auto)%h (%s, %ad)'`. By default,
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the date is formatted with `--date=short` unless another `--date` option
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is explicitly specified. As with any `format:` with format
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placeholders, its output is not affected by other options like
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`--decorate` and `--walk-reflogs`.
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* 'email'
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From <hash> <date>
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From: <author>
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Date: <author-date>
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Subject: [PATCH] <title-line>
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<full-commit-message>
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* 'mboxrd'
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Like 'email', but lines in the commit message starting with "From "
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(preceded by zero or more ">") are quoted with ">" so they aren't
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confused as starting a new commit.
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* 'raw'
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+
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The 'raw' format shows the entire commit exactly as
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stored in the commit object. Notably, the hashes are
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displayed in full, regardless of whether --abbrev or
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--no-abbrev are used, and 'parents' information show the
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true parent commits, without taking grafts or history
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simplification into account. Note that this format affects the way
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commits are displayed, but not the way the diff is shown e.g. with
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`git log --raw`. To get full object names in a raw diff format,
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use `--no-abbrev`.
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* 'format:<format-string>'
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The 'format:<format-string>' format allows you to specify which information
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you want to show. It works a little bit like printf format,
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with the notable exception that you get a newline with '%n'
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instead of '\n'.
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+
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E.g, 'format:"The author of %h was %an, %ar%nThe title was >>%s<<%n"'
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would show something like this:
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+
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-------
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The author of fe6e0ee was Junio C Hamano, 23 hours ago
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The title was >>t4119: test autocomputing -p<n> for traditional diff input.<<
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-------
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+
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The placeholders are:
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- Placeholders that expand to a single literal character:
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'%n':: newline
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'%%':: a raw '%'
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'%x00':: '%x' followed by two hexadecimal digits is replaced with a
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byte with the hexadecimal digits' value (we will call this
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"literal formatting code" in the rest of this document).
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- Placeholders that affect formatting of later placeholders:
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'%Cred':: switch color to red
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'%Cgreen':: switch color to green
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'%Cblue':: switch color to blue
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'%Creset':: reset color
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'%C(...)':: color specification, as described under Values in the
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"CONFIGURATION FILE" section of linkgit:git-config[1]. By
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default, colors are shown only when enabled for log output
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(by `color.diff`, `color.ui`, or `--color`, and respecting
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the `auto` settings of the former if we are going to a
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terminal). `%C(auto,...)` is accepted as a historical
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synonym for the default (e.g., `%C(auto,red)`). Specifying
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`%C(always,...)` will show the colors even when color is
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not otherwise enabled (though consider just using
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`--color=always` to enable color for the whole output,
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including this format and anything else git might color).
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`auto` alone (i.e. `%C(auto)`) will turn on auto coloring
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on the next placeholders until the color is switched
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again.
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'%m':: left (`<`), right (`>`) or boundary (`-`) mark
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'%w([<w>[,<i1>[,<i2>]]])':: switch line wrapping, like the -w option of
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linkgit:git-shortlog[1].
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'%<( <N> [,trunc|ltrunc|mtrunc])':: make the next placeholder take at
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least N column widths, padding spaces on
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the right if necessary. Optionally
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truncate (with ellipsis '..') at the left (ltrunc) `..ft`,
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the middle (mtrunc) `mi..le`, or the end
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(trunc) `rig..`, if the output is longer than
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N columns.
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Note 1: that truncating
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only works correctly with N >= 2.
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Note 2: spaces around the N and M (see below)
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values are optional.
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Note 3: Emojis and other wide characters
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will take two display columns, which may
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over-run column boundaries.
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Note 4: decomposed character combining marks
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may be misplaced at padding boundaries.
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'%<|( <M> )':: make the next placeholder take at least until Mth
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display column, padding spaces on the right if necessary.
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Use negative M values for column positions measured
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from the right hand edge of the terminal window.
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'%>( <N> )', '%>|( <M> )':: similar to '%<( <N> )', '%<|( <M> )' respectively,
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but padding spaces on the left
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'%>>( <N> )', '%>>|( <M> )':: similar to '%>( <N> )', '%>|( <M> )'
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respectively, except that if the next
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placeholder takes more spaces than given and
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there are spaces on its left, use those
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spaces
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'%><( <N> )', '%><|( <M> )':: similar to '%<( <N> )', '%<|( <M> )'
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respectively, but padding both sides
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(i.e. the text is centered)
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- Placeholders that expand to information extracted from the commit:
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'%H':: commit hash
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'%h':: abbreviated commit hash
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'%T':: tree hash
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'%t':: abbreviated tree hash
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'%P':: parent hashes
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'%p':: abbreviated parent hashes
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'%an':: author name
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'%aN':: author name (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1]
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or linkgit:git-blame[1])
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'%ae':: author email
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'%aE':: author email (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1]
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or linkgit:git-blame[1])
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'%al':: author email local-part (the part before the '@' sign)
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'%aL':: author local-part (see '%al') respecting .mailmap, see
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linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
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'%ad':: author date (format respects --date= option)
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'%aD':: author date, RFC2822 style
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'%ar':: author date, relative
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'%at':: author date, UNIX timestamp
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'%ai':: author date, ISO 8601-like format
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'%aI':: author date, strict ISO 8601 format
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'%as':: author date, short format (`YYYY-MM-DD`)
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'%ah':: author date, human style (like the `--date=human` option of
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linkgit:git-rev-list[1])
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'%cn':: committer name
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'%cN':: committer name (respecting .mailmap, see
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linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
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'%ce':: committer email
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'%cE':: committer email (respecting .mailmap, see
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linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
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'%cl':: committer email local-part (the part before the '@' sign)
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'%cL':: committer local-part (see '%cl') respecting .mailmap, see
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linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
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'%cd':: committer date (format respects --date= option)
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'%cD':: committer date, RFC2822 style
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'%cr':: committer date, relative
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'%ct':: committer date, UNIX timestamp
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'%ci':: committer date, ISO 8601-like format
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'%cI':: committer date, strict ISO 8601 format
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'%cs':: committer date, short format (`YYYY-MM-DD`)
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'%ch':: committer date, human style (like the `--date=human` option of
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linkgit:git-rev-list[1])
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'%d':: ref names, like the --decorate option of linkgit:git-log[1]
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'%D':: ref names without the " (", ")" wrapping.
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'%(decorate[:<options>])'::
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ref names with custom decorations. The `decorate` string may be followed by a
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colon and zero or more comma-separated options. Option values may contain
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literal formatting codes. These must be used for commas (`%x2C`) and closing
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parentheses (`%x29`), due to their role in the option syntax.
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** 'prefix=<value>': Shown before the list of ref names. Defaults to "{nbsp}`(`".
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** 'suffix=<value>': Shown after the list of ref names. Defaults to "`)`".
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** 'separator=<value>': Shown between ref names. Defaults to "`,`{nbsp}".
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** 'pointer=<value>': Shown between HEAD and the branch it points to, if any.
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Defaults to "{nbsp}`->`{nbsp}".
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** 'tag=<value>': Shown before tag names. Defaults to "`tag:`{nbsp}".
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For example, to produce decorations with no wrapping
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or tag annotations, and spaces as separators:
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`%(decorate:prefix=,suffix=,tag=,separator= )`
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'%(describe[:<options>])'::
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human-readable name, like linkgit:git-describe[1]; empty string for
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undescribable commits. The `describe` string may be followed by a colon and
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zero or more comma-separated options. Descriptions can be inconsistent when
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tags are added or removed at the same time.
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** 'tags[=<bool-value>]': Instead of only considering annotated tags,
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consider lightweight tags as well.
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** 'abbrev=<number>': Instead of using the default number of hexadecimal digits
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(which will vary according to the number of objects in the repository with a
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default of 7) of the abbreviated object name, use <number> digits, or as many
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digits as needed to form a unique object name.
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** 'match=<pattern>': Only consider tags matching the given
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`glob(7)` pattern, excluding the "refs/tags/" prefix.
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** 'exclude=<pattern>': Do not consider tags matching the given
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`glob(7)` pattern, excluding the "refs/tags/" prefix.
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'%S':: ref name given on the command line by which the commit was reached
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(like `git log --source`), only works with `git log`
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'%e':: encoding
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'%s':: subject
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'%f':: sanitized subject line, suitable for a filename
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'%b':: body
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'%B':: raw body (unwrapped subject and body)
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ifndef::git-rev-list[]
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'%N':: commit notes
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endif::git-rev-list[]
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'%GG':: raw verification message from GPG for a signed commit
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'%G?':: show "G" for a good (valid) signature,
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"B" for a bad signature,
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"U" for a good signature with unknown validity,
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"X" for a good signature that has expired,
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"Y" for a good signature made by an expired key,
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"R" for a good signature made by a revoked key,
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"E" if the signature cannot be checked (e.g. missing key)
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and "N" for no signature
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'%GS':: show the name of the signer for a signed commit
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'%GK':: show the key used to sign a signed commit
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'%GF':: show the fingerprint of the key used to sign a signed commit
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'%GP':: show the fingerprint of the primary key whose subkey was used
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to sign a signed commit
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'%GT':: show the trust level for the key used to sign a signed commit
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'%gD':: reflog selector, e.g., `refs/stash@{1}` or `refs/stash@{2
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minutes ago}`; the format follows the rules described for the
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`-g` option. The portion before the `@` is the refname as
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given on the command line (so `git log -g refs/heads/master`
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would yield `refs/heads/master@{0}`).
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'%gd':: shortened reflog selector; same as `%gD`, but the refname
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portion is shortened for human readability (so
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`refs/heads/master` becomes just `master`).
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'%gn':: reflog identity name
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'%gN':: reflog identity name (respecting .mailmap, see
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linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
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'%ge':: reflog identity email
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'%gE':: reflog identity email (respecting .mailmap, see
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linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
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'%gs':: reflog subject
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'%(trailers[:<options>])'::
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display the trailers of the body as interpreted by
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linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1]. The `trailers` string may be followed by
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a colon and zero or more comma-separated options. If any option is provided
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multiple times, the last occurrence wins.
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+
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** 'key=<key>': only show trailers with specified <key>. Matching is done
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case-insensitively and trailing colon is optional. If option is
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given multiple times trailer lines matching any of the keys are
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shown. This option automatically enables the `only` option so that
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non-trailer lines in the trailer block are hidden. If that is not
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desired it can be disabled with `only=false`. E.g.,
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`%(trailers:key=Reviewed-by)` shows trailer lines with key
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`Reviewed-by`.
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** 'only[=<bool>]': select whether non-trailer lines from the trailer
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block should be included.
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** 'separator=<sep>': specify the separator inserted between trailer
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lines. Defaults to a line feed character. The string <sep> may contain
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the literal formatting codes described above. To use comma as
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separator one must use `%x2C` as it would otherwise be parsed as
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next option. E.g., `%(trailers:key=Ticket,separator=%x2C )`
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shows all trailer lines whose key is "Ticket" separated by a comma
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and a space.
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** 'unfold[=<bool>]': make it behave as if interpret-trailer's `--unfold`
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option was given. E.g.,
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`%(trailers:only,unfold=true)` unfolds and shows all trailer lines.
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** 'keyonly[=<bool>]': only show the key part of the trailer.
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** 'valueonly[=<bool>]': only show the value part of the trailer.
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** 'key_value_separator=<sep>': specify the separator inserted between
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the key and value of each trailer. Defaults to ": ". Otherwise it
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shares the same semantics as 'separator=<sep>' above.
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NOTE: Some placeholders may depend on other options given to the
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revision traversal engine. For example, the `%g*` reflog options will
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insert an empty string unless we are traversing reflog entries (e.g., by
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`git log -g`). The `%d` and `%D` placeholders will use the "short"
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decoration format if `--decorate` was not already provided on the command
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line.
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The boolean options accept an optional value `[=<bool-value>]`. The values
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`true`, `false`, `on`, `off` etc. are all accepted. See the "boolean"
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sub-section in "EXAMPLES" in linkgit:git-config[1]. If a boolean
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option is given with no value, it's enabled.
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If you add a `+` (plus sign) after '%' of a placeholder, a line-feed
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is inserted immediately before the expansion if and only if the
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placeholder expands to a non-empty string.
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If you add a `-` (minus sign) after '%' of a placeholder, all consecutive
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line-feeds immediately preceding the expansion are deleted if and only if the
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placeholder expands to an empty string.
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If you add a ` ` (space) after '%' of a placeholder, a space
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is inserted immediately before the expansion if and only if the
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placeholder expands to a non-empty string.
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* 'tformat:'
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+
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The 'tformat:' format works exactly like 'format:', except that it
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provides "terminator" semantics instead of "separator" semantics. In
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other words, each commit has the message terminator character (usually a
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newline) appended, rather than a separator placed between entries.
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This means that the final entry of a single-line format will be properly
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terminated with a new line, just as the "oneline" format does.
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For example:
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+
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---------------------
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$ git log -2 --pretty=format:%h 4da45bef \
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| perl -pe '$_ .= " -- NO NEWLINE\n" unless /\n/'
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4da45be
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7134973 -- NO NEWLINE
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$ git log -2 --pretty=tformat:%h 4da45bef \
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| perl -pe '$_ .= " -- NO NEWLINE\n" unless /\n/'
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4da45be
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7134973
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---------------------
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+
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In addition, any unrecognized string that has a `%` in it is interpreted
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as if it has `tformat:` in front of it. For example, these two are
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equivalent:
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+
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---------------------
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$ git log -2 --pretty=tformat:%h 4da45bef
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$ git log -2 --pretty=%h 4da45bef
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---------------------
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