A fork of Git containing Microsoft-specific patches.
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Jeff King dc1daacdcc pack-bitmap: check pack validity when opening bitmap
When pack-objects adds an entry to its list of objects to pack, it may
mark the packfile and offset that contains the file, which we can later
use to output the object verbatim.  If the packfile is deleted while we
are running (e.g., by another process running "git repack"), we may die
in use_pack() if the pack file cannot be opened.

We worked around this in 4c08018204 (pack-objects: protect against
disappearing packs, 2011-10-14) by making sure we can open the pack
before recording it as a source. This detects a pack which has already
disappeared while generating the packing list, and because we keep the
pack's file descriptor (or an mmap window) open, it means we can access
it later (unless you exceed core.packedgitlimit).

The bitmap code that was added later does not do this; it adds entries
to the packlist without checking that the packfile is still valid, and
is vulnerable to this race. It needs the same treatment as 4c08018204.

However, rather than add it in just that one spot, it makes more sense
to simply open and check the packfile when we open the bitmap.
Technically you can use the .bitmap without even looking in the .pack
file (e.g., if you are just printing a list of objects without accessing
them), but it's much simpler to do it early. That covers all later
direct uses of the pack (due to the cached descriptor) without having to
check each one directly. For example, in pack-objects we need to protect
the packlist entries, but we also access the pack directly as part of
the reuse_partial_pack_from_bitmap() feature. This patch covers both
cases.

There's no test here, because the problem is inherently racy. I
reproduced and verified the fix with this script:

  rm -rf parent.git push.git fetch.git

  push() {
    (
      cd push.git &&
      echo content >>file &&
      git add file &&
      git commit -qm "change $1" &&
      git push -q origin HEAD &&
      echo "push $1..."
    ) &&
    (
      cd parent.git &&
      git repack -ad -q &&
      echo "repack $1..."
    )
  }

  fetch() {
    rm -rf fetch.git &&
    git clone -q file://$PWD/parent.git fetch.git &&
    echo "fetch $1..."
  }

  git init --bare parent.git &&
  git --git-dir=parent.git config transfer.unpacklimit 1 &&
  git clone parent.git push.git &&
  (for i in `seq 1 1000`; do push $i || break; done) &
  pusher=$!
  (for i in `seq 1 1000`; do fetch $i || break; done) &
  fetcher=$!
  wait $fetcher
  kill $pusher

That simulates a race between a client cloning and a push triggering a
repack on the server. Without this patch, it generally fails within a
couple hundred iterations with:

  remote: fatal: packfile ./objects/pack/.tmp-1377349-pack-498afdec371232bdb99d1757872f5569331da61e.pack cannot be accessed
  error: git upload-pack: git-pack-objects died with error.
  fatal: git upload-pack: aborting due to possible repository corruption on the remote side.
  remote: aborting due to possible repository corruption on the remote side.
  fatal: early EOF
  fatal: fetch-pack: invalid index-pack output

With this patch, it reliably runs through all thousand attempts.

Signed-off-by: Jeff King <peff@peff.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
2021-07-23 11:37:56 -07:00
.github
Documentation Git 2.32-rc1 2021-05-22 18:29:01 +09:00
block-sha1
builtin Merge branch 'ab/fsck-api-cleanup' 2021-06-02 07:34:27 +09:00
ci Merge branch 'mt/parallel-checkout-part-3' 2021-05-16 21:05:23 +09:00
compat Merge branch 'jh/simple-ipc-sans-pthread' 2021-05-22 18:29:01 +09:00
contrib contrib/completion: fix zsh completion regression from 59d85a2a05 2021-06-02 12:49:40 +09:00
ewah
git-gui
gitk-git
gitweb gitweb: add "e-mail privacy" feature to redact e-mail addresses 2021-04-08 15:54:26 -07:00
mergetools
negotiator
perl Merge branch 'ab/send-email-inline-hooks-path' 2021-05-27 12:36:57 +09:00
po l10n: es: 2.32.0 round 1 2021-06-05 20:06:23 -05:00
ppc
refs Merge branch 'wc/packed-ref-removal-cleanup' 2021-05-16 21:05:24 +09:00
sha1collisiondetection@855827c583
sha1dc
sha256
t Merge branch 'rs/parallel-checkout-test-fix' 2021-06-06 15:39:10 +09:00
templates
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xdiff Merge branch 'pw/patience-diff-clean-up' 2021-05-14 08:26:08 +09:00
.cirrus.yml
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.gitattributes
.gitignore Merge branch 'ls/subtree' 2021-05-10 16:59:47 +09:00
.gitmodules
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.travis.yml
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CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
COPYING
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INSTALL
LGPL-2.1
Makefile Merge branch 'jh/simple-ipc-sans-pthread' 2021-05-22 18:29:01 +09:00
README.md
RelNotes
SECURITY.md
abspath.c
aclocal.m4
add-interactive.c
add-interactive.h
add-patch.c
advice.c add: warn when asked to update SKIP_WORKTREE entries 2021-04-08 14:18:03 -07:00
advice.h add: warn when asked to update SKIP_WORKTREE entries 2021-04-08 14:18:03 -07:00
alias.c
alias.h
alloc.c
alloc.h
apply.c Merge branch 'jz/apply-3way-first-message-fix' 2021-05-07 12:47:38 +09:00
apply.h
archive-tar.c
archive-zip.c
archive.c hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
archive.h
attr.c Merge branch 'ds/sparse-index-protections' 2021-04-30 13:50:26 +09:00
attr.h *: remove 'const' qualifier for struct index_state 2021-04-14 13:46:00 -07:00
banned.h
base85.c
bisect.c
bisect.h
blame.c hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
blame.h
blob.c
blob.h
bloom.c Merge branch 'ah/plugleaks' 2021-05-07 12:47:41 +09:00
bloom.h
branch.c Merge branch 'bc/hash-transition-interop-part-1' 2021-05-10 16:59:46 +09:00
branch.h
builtin.h parallel-checkout: make it truly parallel 2021-04-19 11:57:05 -07:00
bulk-checkin.c Use the final_oid_fn to finalize hashing of object IDs 2021-04-27 16:31:38 +09:00
bulk-checkin.h
bundle.c
bundle.h
cache-tree.c Merge branch 'ds/sparse-index-protections' 2021-04-30 13:50:26 +09:00
cache-tree.h
cache.h Merge branch 'mt/parallel-checkout-part-3' 2021-05-16 21:05:23 +09:00
chdir-notify.c
chdir-notify.h
check-builtins.sh
check_bindir
checkout.c
checkout.h
chunk-format.c
chunk-format.h
color.c
color.h
column.c
column.h
combine-diff.c hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
command-list.txt
commit-graph.c commit-graph: don't store file hashes as struct object_id 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
commit-graph.h
commit-reach.c
commit-reach.h
commit-slab-decl.h
commit-slab-impl.h
commit-slab.h
commit.c
commit.h
common-main.c
config.c Merge branch 'ps/config-global-override' 2021-05-07 12:47:39 +09:00
config.h config: unify code paths to get global config paths 2021-04-19 14:16:59 -07:00
config.mak.dev
config.mak.in
config.mak.uname Merge branch 'jh/simple-ipc' 2021-04-02 14:43:14 -07:00
configure.ac
connect.c hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
connect.h
connected.c
connected.h
convert.c Merge branch 'ds/sparse-index-protections' 2021-04-30 13:50:26 +09:00
convert.h Merge branch 'ds/sparse-index-protections' 2021-04-30 13:50:26 +09:00
copy.c
credential.c
credential.h
csum-file.c
csum-file.h
ctype.c
daemon.c Merge branch 'rs/daemon-sanitize-dir-sep' 2021-04-08 13:23:26 -07:00
date.c
decorate.c
decorate.h
delta-islands.c
delta-islands.h
delta.h
detect-compiler
diff-delta.c
diff-lib.c hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
diff-merges.c diff-merges: introduce log.diffMerges config variable 2021-04-16 23:38:35 -07:00
diff-merges.h diff-merges: introduce log.diffMerges config variable 2021-04-16 23:38:35 -07:00
diff-no-index.c dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper 2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
diff.c Merge branch 'pw/word-diff-zero-width-matches' 2021-05-14 08:26:06 +09:00
diff.h
diffcore-break.c
diffcore-delta.c
diffcore-order.c
diffcore-pickaxe.c
diffcore-rename.c Merge branch 'en/ort-perf-batch-10' 2021-04-16 13:53:33 -07:00
diffcore-rotate.c
diffcore.h Merge branch 'en/ort-perf-batch-10' 2021-04-16 13:53:33 -07:00
dir-iterator.c
dir-iterator.h
dir.c Merge branch 'en/dir-traversal' 2021-05-28 13:03:00 +09:00
dir.h dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper 2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
editor.c
entry.c dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper 2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
entry.h
environment.c
environment.h
exec-cmd.c
exec-cmd.h
fetch-negotiator.c
fetch-negotiator.h
fetch-pack.c fetch: teach independent negotiation (no packfile) 2021-05-05 10:41:29 +09:00
fetch-pack.h fetch: teach independent negotiation (no packfile) 2021-05-05 10:41:29 +09:00
fmt-merge-msg.c
fmt-merge-msg.h
fsck.c fsck: warn about symlinked dotfiles we'll open with O_NOFOLLOW 2021-05-04 11:52:02 +09:00
fsck.h fsck: warn about symlinked dotfiles we'll open with O_NOFOLLOW 2021-05-04 11:52:02 +09:00
fsmonitor.c
fsmonitor.h
fuzz-commit-graph.c
fuzz-pack-headers.c
fuzz-pack-idx.c
generate-cmdlist.sh
generate-configlist.sh
gettext.c
gettext.h
git-add--interactive.perl
git-archimport.perl
git-bisect.sh
git-compat-util.h Merge branch 'tb/precompose-prefix-simplify' 2021-04-13 15:28:51 -07:00
git-cvsexportcommit.perl
git-cvsimport.perl
git-cvsserver.perl
git-difftool--helper.sh
git-filter-branch.sh
git-instaweb.sh
git-merge-octopus.sh
git-merge-one-file.sh
git-merge-resolve.sh
git-mergetool--lib.sh
git-mergetool.sh
git-p4.py git-p4: speed up search for branch parent 2021-05-06 12:51:33 +09:00
git-quiltimport.sh
git-rebase--preserve-merges.sh
git-request-pull.sh
git-send-email.perl Merge branch 'ab/send-email-inline-hooks-path' 2021-05-27 12:36:57 +09:00
git-sh-i18n.sh
git-sh-setup.sh
git-submodule.sh submodule update: silence underlying fetch with "--quiet" 2021-05-03 12:24:38 +09:00
git-svn.perl
git-web--browse.sh
git.c Merge branch 'ps/config-env-option-with-separate-value' 2021-05-07 12:47:37 +09:00
git.rc
gpg-interface.c
gpg-interface.h
graph.c
graph.h
grep.c hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
grep.h
hash-lookup.c
hash-lookup.h
hash.h hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
hashmap.c
hashmap.h
help.c
help.h
hex.c hex: print objects using the hash algorithm member 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
http-backend.c
http-fetch.c
http-push.c Merge branch 'bc/hash-transition-interop-part-1' 2021-05-10 16:59:46 +09:00
http-walker.c Always use oidread to read into struct object_id 2021-04-27 16:31:38 +09:00
http.c Merge branch 'cs/http-use-basic-after-failed-negotiate' 2021-05-21 05:49:41 +09:00
http.h
ident.c
imap-send.c
iterator.h
json-writer.c
json-writer.h
khash.h
kwset.c
kwset.h
levenshtein.c
levenshtein.h
line-log.c
line-log.h
line-range.c
line-range.h
linear-assignment.c
linear-assignment.h
list-objects-filter-options.c list-objects: implement object type filter 2021-04-19 14:09:11 -07:00
list-objects-filter-options.h list-objects: implement object type filter 2021-04-19 14:09:11 -07:00
list-objects-filter.c list-objects: implement object type filter 2021-04-19 14:09:11 -07:00
list-objects-filter.h list-objects: support filtering by tag and commit 2021-04-12 09:35:50 -07:00
list-objects.c list-objects: support filtering by tag and commit 2021-04-12 09:35:50 -07:00
list-objects.h
list.h
ll-merge.c
ll-merge.h
lockfile.c
lockfile.h
log-tree.c hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
log-tree.h
ls-refs.c
ls-refs.h
mailinfo.c Merge branch 'dd/mailinfo-quoted-cr' 2021-05-16 21:05:23 +09:00
mailinfo.h am: learn to process quoted lines that ends with CRLF 2021-05-10 15:06:22 +09:00
mailmap.c
mailmap.h
match-trees.c Always use oidread to read into struct object_id 2021-04-27 16:31:38 +09:00
mem-pool.c
mem-pool.h
merge-blobs.c
merge-blobs.h
merge-ort-wrappers.c merge(s): apply consistent punctuation to "up to date" messages 2021-05-03 14:14:56 +09:00
merge-ort-wrappers.h
merge-ort.c Merge branch 'ah/merge-ort-i18n' 2021-05-16 21:05:23 +09:00
merge-ort.h
merge-recursive.c Merge branch 'js/merge-already-up-to-date-message-reword' 2021-05-11 15:27:22 +09:00
merge-recursive.h
merge.c
mergesort.c
mergesort.h
midx.c Always use oidread to read into struct object_id 2021-04-27 16:31:38 +09:00
midx.h pack-revindex: write multi-pack reverse indexes 2021-04-01 13:07:37 -07:00
name-hash.c Merge branch 'ds/sparse-index-protections' 2021-04-30 13:50:26 +09:00
notes-cache.c
notes-cache.h
notes-merge.c dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper 2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
notes-merge.h
notes-utils.c
notes-utils.h
notes.c hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
notes.h
object-file.c dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper 2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
object-name.c
object-store.h
object.c lookup_unknown_object(): take a repository argument 2021-04-13 13:18:46 -07:00
object.h Merge branch 'jt/push-negotiation' 2021-05-16 21:05:22 +09:00
oid-array.c
oid-array.h
oidmap.c
oidmap.h
oidset.c
oidset.h
pack-bitmap-write.c
pack-bitmap.c pack-bitmap: check pack validity when opening bitmap 2021-07-23 11:37:56 -07:00
pack-bitmap.h Merge branch 'ps/rev-list-object-type-filter' 2021-05-07 12:47:41 +09:00
pack-check.c
pack-objects.c
pack-objects.h pack-objects: move static inline from a header to the sole consumer 2021-05-27 12:14:41 +09:00
pack-revindex.c Merge branch 'tb/reverse-midx' 2021-04-08 13:23:25 -07:00
pack-revindex.h pack-revindex: read multi-pack reverse indexes 2021-04-01 13:07:37 -07:00
pack-write.c Merge branch 'tb/reverse-midx' 2021-04-08 13:23:25 -07:00
pack.h Merge branch 'tb/reverse-midx' 2021-04-08 13:23:25 -07:00
packfile.c dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper 2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
packfile.h
pager.c
parallel-checkout.c ci: run test round with parallel-checkout enabled 2021-05-05 12:27:17 +09:00
parallel-checkout.h parallel-checkout: support progress displaying 2021-04-19 11:57:05 -07:00
parse-options-cb.c hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
parse-options.c
parse-options.h
patch-delta.c
patch-ids.c
patch-ids.h
path.c t0060: test ntfs/hfs-obscured dotfiles 2021-05-04 11:52:02 +09:00
path.h
pathspec.c Merge branch 'mt/add-rm-in-sparse-checkout' 2021-05-07 12:47:40 +09:00
pathspec.h Merge branch 'mt/add-rm-in-sparse-checkout' 2021-05-07 12:47:40 +09:00
pkt-line.c pkt-line: do not report packet write errors twice 2021-04-15 15:05:31 -07:00
pkt-line.h
preload-index.c
pretty.c pretty: provide human date format 2021-04-27 16:09:32 +09:00
pretty.h
prio-queue.c
prio-queue.h
progress.c
progress.h
promisor-remote.c
promisor-remote.h
prompt.c
prompt.h
protocol-caps.c object-info: support for retrieving object info 2021-04-20 17:41:13 -07:00
protocol-caps.h object-info: support for retrieving object info 2021-04-20 17:41:13 -07:00
protocol.c
protocol.h
prune-packed.c
prune-packed.h
quote.c
quote.h
range-diff.c hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
range-diff.h
reachable.c Merge branch 'ps/rev-list-object-type-filter' 2021-05-07 12:47:41 +09:00
reachable.h
read-cache.c Merge branch 'mt/parallel-checkout-part-3' 2021-05-16 21:05:23 +09:00
rebase-interactive.c
rebase-interactive.h
rebase.c
rebase.h
ref-filter.c Merge branch 'zh/ref-filter-push-remote-fix' 2021-05-20 08:55:00 +09:00
ref-filter.h ref-filter: get rid of show_ref_array_item 2021-04-19 15:08:00 -07:00
reflog-walk.c
reflog-walk.h
refs.c Merge branch 'bc/hash-transition-interop-part-1' 2021-05-10 16:59:46 +09:00
refs.h
refspec.c
refspec.h
remote-curl.c remote-curl: fix clone on sha256 repos 2021-05-12 12:14:44 +09:00
remote.c
remote.h
replace-object.c
replace-object.h
repo-settings.c sparse-index: add index.sparse config option 2021-03-30 12:57:47 -07:00
repository.c Merge branch 'ds/sparse-index-protections' 2021-04-30 13:50:26 +09:00
repository.h sparse-index: add index.sparse config option 2021-03-30 12:57:47 -07:00
rerere.c dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper 2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
rerere.h
reset.c hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
reset.h
resolve-undo.c Merge branch 'ds/sparse-index-protections' 2021-04-30 13:50:26 +09:00
resolve-undo.h
revision.c Merge branch 'ah/plugleaks' 2021-05-07 12:47:41 +09:00
revision.h revision: mark commit parents as NOT_USER_GIVEN 2021-04-10 23:03:20 -07:00
run-command.c
run-command.h
send-pack.c send-pack: support push negotiation 2021-05-05 10:41:29 +09:00
send-pack.h
sequencer.c Merge branch 'bc/hash-transition-interop-part-1' 2021-05-10 16:59:46 +09:00
sequencer.h sequencer: fix edit handling for cherry-pick and revert messages 2021-03-31 14:10:50 -07:00
serve.c object-info: support for retrieving object info 2021-04-20 17:41:13 -07:00
serve.h
server-info.c
setup.c macOS: precompose startup_info->prefix 2021-04-05 17:30:36 -07:00
sh-i18n--envsubst.c
sha1dc_git.c
sha1dc_git.h
shallow.c
shallow.h
shell.c
shortlog.h
sideband.c
sideband.h
sigchain.c
sigchain.h
simple-ipc.h simple-ipc: correct ifdefs when NO_PTHREADS is defined 2021-05-21 07:55:00 +09:00
sparse-index.c Merge branch 'ds/sparse-index-protections' 2021-05-21 05:50:38 +09:00
sparse-index.h sparse-index: expand_to_path() 2021-04-14 13:47:54 -07:00
split-index.c Always use oidread to read into struct object_id 2021-04-27 16:31:38 +09:00
split-index.h
stable-qsort.c
strbuf.c mailinfo: also free strbuf lists when clearing mailinfo 2021-04-28 09:25:45 +09:00
strbuf.h
streaming.c streaming.c: move {open,close,read} from vtable to "struct git_istream" 2021-05-06 12:56:10 +09:00
streaming.h
string-list.c
string-list.h
strmap.c
strmap.h
strvec.c
strvec.h
sub-process.c
sub-process.h
submodule-config.c hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
submodule-config.h
submodule.c Merge branch 'bc/hash-transition-interop-part-1' 2021-05-10 16:59:46 +09:00
submodule.h *: remove 'const' qualifier for struct index_state 2021-04-14 13:46:00 -07:00
symlinks.c
tag.c
tag.h
tar.h
tempfile.c
tempfile.h
thread-utils.c
thread-utils.h
tmp-objdir.c
tmp-objdir.h
trace.c
trace.h
trace2.c
trace2.h
trailer.c trailer: add new .cmd config option 2021-05-04 12:09:43 +09:00
trailer.h
transport-helper.c fetch: teach independent negotiation (no packfile) 2021-05-05 10:41:29 +09:00
transport-internal.h
transport.c Merge branch 'jt/push-negotiation' 2021-05-16 21:05:22 +09:00
transport.h fetch: teach independent negotiation (no packfile) 2021-05-05 10:41:29 +09:00
tree-diff.c hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
tree-walk.c Always use oidread to read into struct object_id 2021-04-27 16:31:38 +09:00
tree-walk.h
tree.c
tree.h
unicode-width.h
unimplemented.sh
unix-socket.c
unix-socket.h
unix-stream-server.c
unix-stream-server.h
unpack-trees.c Merge branch 'mt/parallel-checkout-part-3' 2021-05-16 21:05:23 +09:00
unpack-trees.h
upload-pack.c Merge branch 'jt/push-negotiation' 2021-05-16 21:05:22 +09:00
upload-pack.h
url.c
url.h
urlmatch.c
urlmatch.h
usage.c usage.c: don't copy/paste the same comment three times 2021-04-13 14:56:28 -07:00
userdiff.c Merge branch 'ab/userdiff-tests' 2021-04-20 17:23:34 -07:00
userdiff.h userdiff: add and use for_each_userdiff_driver() 2021-04-08 12:19:10 -07:00
utf8.c t0060: test ntfs/hfs-obscured dotfiles 2021-05-04 11:52:02 +09:00
utf8.h t0060: test ntfs/hfs-obscured dotfiles 2021-05-04 11:52:02 +09:00
varint.c
varint.h
version.c
version.h
versioncmp.c
walker.c lookup_unknown_object(): take a repository argument 2021-04-13 13:18:46 -07:00
walker.h
wildmatch.c
wildmatch.h
worktree.c dir: introduce readdir_skip_dot_and_dotdot() helper 2021-05-27 14:02:37 +09:00
worktree.h
wrap-for-bin.sh
wrapper.c
write-or-die.c fsync(): be prepared to see EINTR 2021-06-05 22:13:40 +09:00
ws.c
wt-status.c Merge branch 'bc/hash-transition-interop-part-1' 2021-05-10 16:59:46 +09:00
wt-status.h
xdiff-interface.c hash: provide per-algorithm null OIDs 2021-04-27 16:31:39 +09:00
xdiff-interface.h
zlib.c

README.md

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Git - fast, scalable, distributed revision control system

Git is a fast, scalable, distributed revision control system with an unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations and full access to internals.

Git is an Open Source project covered by the GNU General Public License version 2 (some parts of it are under different licenses, compatible with the GPLv2). It was originally written by Linus Torvalds with help of a group of hackers around the net.

Please read the file INSTALL for installation instructions.

Many Git online resources are accessible from https://git-scm.com/ including full documentation and Git related tools.

See Documentation/gittutorial.txt to get started, then see Documentation/giteveryday.txt for a useful minimum set of commands, and Documentation/git-<commandname>.txt for documentation of each command. If git has been correctly installed, then the tutorial can also be read with man gittutorial or git help tutorial, and the documentation of each command with man git-<commandname> or git help <commandname>.

CVS users may also want to read Documentation/gitcvs-migration.txt (man gitcvs-migration or git help cvs-migration if git is installed).

The user discussion and development of Git take place on the Git mailing list -- everyone is welcome to post bug reports, feature requests, comments and patches to git@vger.kernel.org (read Documentation/SubmittingPatches for instructions on patch submission). To subscribe to the list, send an email with just "subscribe git" in the body to majordomo@vger.kernel.org. The mailing list archives are available at https://lore.kernel.org/git/, http://marc.info/?l=git and other archival sites.

Issues which are security relevant should be disclosed privately to the Git Security mailing list git-security@googlegroups.com.

The maintainer frequently sends the "What's cooking" reports that list the current status of various development topics to the mailing list. The discussion following them give a good reference for project status, development direction and remaining tasks.

The name "git" was given by Linus Torvalds when he wrote the very first version. He described the tool as "the stupid content tracker" and the name as (depending on your mood):

  • random three-letter combination that is pronounceable, and not actually used by any common UNIX command. The fact that it is a mispronunciation of "get" may or may not be relevant.
  • stupid. contemptible and despicable. simple. Take your pick from the dictionary of slang.
  • "global information tracker": you're in a good mood, and it actually works for you. Angels sing, and a light suddenly fills the room.
  • "goddamn idiotic truckload of sh*t": when it breaks