зеркало из https://github.com/microsoft/git.git
122 строки
3.6 KiB
Plaintext
122 строки
3.6 KiB
Plaintext
git-merge-base(1)
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=================
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NAME
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----
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git-merge-base - Find as good common ancestors as possible for a merge
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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[verse]
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'git merge-base' [-a|--all] [--octopus] <commit> <commit>...
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'git merge-base' --independent <commit>...
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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'git merge-base' finds best common ancestor(s) between two commits to use
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in a three-way merge. One common ancestor is 'better' than another common
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ancestor if the latter is an ancestor of the former. A common ancestor
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that does not have any better common ancestor is a 'best common
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ancestor', i.e. a 'merge base'. Note that there can be more than one
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merge base for a pair of commits.
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Unless `--octopus` is given, among the two commits to compute the merge
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base from, one is specified by the first commit argument on the command
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line; the other commit is a (possibly hypothetical) commit that is a merge
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across all the remaining commits on the command line. As the most common
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special case, specifying only two commits on the command line means
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computing the merge base between the given two commits.
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As a consequence, the 'merge base' is not necessarily contained in each of the
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commit arguments if more than two commits are specified. This is different
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from linkgit:git-show-branch[1] when used with the `--merge-base` option.
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OPTIONS
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-------
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-a::
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--all::
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Output all merge bases for the commits, instead of just one.
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--octopus::
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Compute the best common ancestors of all supplied commits,
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in preparation for an n-way merge. This mimics the behavior
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of 'git show-branch --merge-base'.
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--independent::
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Instead of printing merge bases, print a minimal subset of
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the supplied commits with the same ancestors. In other words,
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among the commits given, list those which cannot be reached
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from any other. This mimics the behavior of 'git show-branch
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--independent'.
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DISCUSSION
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----------
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Given two commits 'A' and 'B', `git merge-base A B` will output a commit
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which is reachable from both 'A' and 'B' through the parent relationship.
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For example, with this topology:
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o---o---o---B
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/
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---o---1---o---o---o---A
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the merge base between 'A' and 'B' is '1'.
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Given three commits 'A', 'B' and 'C', `git merge-base A B C` will compute the
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merge base between 'A' and a hypothetical commit 'M', which is a merge
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between 'B' and 'C'. For example, with this topology:
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o---o---o---o---C
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/
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/ o---o---o---B
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/ /
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---2---1---o---o---o---A
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the result of `git merge-base A B C` is '1'. This is because the
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equivalent topology with a merge commit 'M' between 'B' and 'C' is:
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o---o---o---o---o
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/ \
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/ o---o---o---o---M
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/ /
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---2---1---o---o---o---A
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and the result of `git merge-base A M` is '1'. Commit '2' is also a
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common ancestor between 'A' and 'M', but '1' is a better common ancestor,
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because '2' is an ancestor of '1'. Hence, '2' is not a merge base.
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When the history involves criss-cross merges, there can be more than one
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'best' common ancestor for two commits. For example, with this topology:
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---1---o---A
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\ /
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X
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/ \
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---2---o---o---B
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both '1' and '2' are merge-bases of A and B. Neither one is better than
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the other (both are 'best' merge bases). When the `--all` option is not given,
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it is unspecified which best one is output.
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Author
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------
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Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Documentation
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--------------
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Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
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See also
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--------
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linkgit:git-rev-list[1],
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linkgit:git-show-branch[1],
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linkgit:git-merge[1]
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GIT
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---
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Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
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