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276 строки
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Plaintext
276 строки
10 KiB
Plaintext
git-apply(1)
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============
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NAME
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----
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git-apply - Apply a patch to files and/or to the index
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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[verse]
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'git apply' [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index] [--3way]
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[--apply] [--no-add] [--build-fake-ancestor=<file>] [-R | --reverse]
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[--allow-binary-replacement | --binary] [--reject] [-z]
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[-p<n>] [-C<n>] [--inaccurate-eof] [--recount] [--cached]
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[--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace]
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[--whitespace=(nowarn|warn|fix|error|error-all)]
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[--exclude=<path>] [--include=<path>] [--directory=<root>]
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[--verbose] [--unsafe-paths] [<patch>...]
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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Reads the supplied diff output (i.e. "a patch") and applies it to files.
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When running from a subdirectory in a repository, patched paths
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outside the directory are ignored.
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With the `--index` option the patch is also applied to the index, and
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with the `--cached` option the patch is only applied to the index.
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Without these options, the command applies the patch only to files,
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and does not require them to be in a Git repository.
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This command applies the patch but does not create a commit. Use
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linkgit:git-am[1] to create commits from patches generated by
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linkgit:git-format-patch[1] and/or received by email.
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OPTIONS
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-------
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<patch>...::
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The files to read the patch from. '-' can be used to read
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from the standard input.
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--stat::
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Instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the
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input. Turns off "apply".
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--numstat::
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Similar to `--stat`, but shows the number of added and
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deleted lines in decimal notation and the pathname without
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abbreviation, to make it more machine friendly. For
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binary files, outputs two `-` instead of saying
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`0 0`. Turns off "apply".
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--summary::
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Instead of applying the patch, output a condensed
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summary of information obtained from git diff extended
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headers, such as creations, renames and mode changes.
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Turns off "apply".
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--check::
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Instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is
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applicable to the current working tree and/or the index
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file and detects errors. Turns off "apply".
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--index::
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When `--check` is in effect, or when applying the patch
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(which is the default when none of the options that
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disables it is in effect), make sure the patch is
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applicable to what the current index file records. If
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the file to be patched in the working tree is not
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up-to-date, it is flagged as an error. This flag also
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causes the index file to be updated.
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--cached::
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Apply a patch without touching the working tree. Instead take the
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cached data, apply the patch, and store the result in the index
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without using the working tree. This implies `--index`.
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-3::
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--3way::
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When the patch does not apply cleanly, fall back on 3-way merge if
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the patch records the identity of blobs it is supposed to apply to,
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and we have those blobs available locally, possibly leaving the
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conflict markers in the files in the working tree for the user to
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resolve. This option implies the `--index` option, and is incompatible
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with the `--reject` and the `--cached` options.
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--build-fake-ancestor=<file>::
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Newer 'git diff' output has embedded 'index information'
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for each blob to help identify the original version that
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the patch applies to. When this flag is given, and if
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the original versions of the blobs are available locally,
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builds a temporary index containing those blobs.
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+
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When a pure mode change is encountered (which has no index information),
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the information is read from the current index instead.
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-R::
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--reverse::
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Apply the patch in reverse.
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--reject::
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For atomicity, 'git apply' by default fails the whole patch and
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does not touch the working tree when some of the hunks
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do not apply. This option makes it apply
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the parts of the patch that are applicable, and leave the
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rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files.
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-z::
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When `--numstat` has been given, do not munge pathnames,
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but use a NUL-terminated machine-readable format.
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Without this option, pathnames with "unusual" characters are quoted as
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explained for the configuration variable `core.quotePath` (see
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linkgit:git-config[1]).
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-p<n>::
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Remove <n> leading slashes from traditional diff paths. The
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default is 1.
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-C<n>::
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Ensure at least <n> lines of surrounding context match before
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and after each change. When fewer lines of surrounding
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context exist they all must match. By default no context is
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ever ignored.
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--unidiff-zero::
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By default, 'git apply' expects that the patch being
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applied is a unified diff with at least one line of context.
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This provides good safety measures, but breaks down when
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applying a diff generated with `--unified=0`. To bypass these
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checks use `--unidiff-zero`.
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Note, for the reasons stated above usage of context-free patches is
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discouraged.
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--apply::
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If you use any of the options marked "Turns off
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'apply'" above, 'git apply' reads and outputs the
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requested information without actually applying the
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patch. Give this flag after those flags to also apply
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the patch.
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--no-add::
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When applying a patch, ignore additions made by the
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patch. This can be used to extract the common part between
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two files by first running 'diff' on them and applying
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the result with this option, which would apply the
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deletion part but not the addition part.
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--allow-binary-replacement::
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--binary::
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Historically we did not allow binary patch applied
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without an explicit permission from the user, and this
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flag was the way to do so. Currently we always allow binary
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patch application, so this is a no-op.
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--exclude=<path-pattern>::
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Don't apply changes to files matching the given path pattern. This can
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be useful when importing patchsets, where you want to exclude certain
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files or directories.
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--include=<path-pattern>::
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Apply changes to files matching the given path pattern. This can
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be useful when importing patchsets, where you want to include certain
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files or directories.
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When `--exclude` and `--include` patterns are used, they are examined in the
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order they appear on the command line, and the first match determines if a
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patch to each path is used. A patch to a path that does not match any
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include/exclude pattern is used by default if there is no include pattern
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on the command line, and ignored if there is any include pattern.
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--ignore-space-change::
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--ignore-whitespace::
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When applying a patch, ignore changes in whitespace in context
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lines if necessary.
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Context lines will preserve their whitespace, and they will not
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undergo whitespace fixing regardless of the value of the
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`--whitespace` option. New lines will still be fixed, though.
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--whitespace=<action>::
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When applying a patch, detect a new or modified line that has
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whitespace errors. What are considered whitespace errors is
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controlled by `core.whitespace` configuration. By default,
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trailing whitespaces (including lines that solely consist of
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whitespaces) and a space character that is immediately followed
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by a tab character inside the initial indent of the line are
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considered whitespace errors.
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By default, the command outputs warning messages but applies the patch.
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When `git-apply` is used for statistics and not applying a
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patch, it defaults to `nowarn`.
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You can use different `<action>` values to control this
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behavior:
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* `nowarn` turns off the trailing whitespace warning.
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* `warn` outputs warnings for a few such errors, but applies the
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patch as-is (default).
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* `fix` outputs warnings for a few such errors, and applies the
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patch after fixing them (`strip` is a synonym --- the tool
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used to consider only trailing whitespace characters as errors, and the
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fix involved 'stripping' them, but modern Gits do more).
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* `error` outputs warnings for a few such errors, and refuses
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to apply the patch.
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* `error-all` is similar to `error` but shows all errors.
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--inaccurate-eof::
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Under certain circumstances, some versions of 'diff' do not correctly
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detect a missing new-line at the end of the file. As a result, patches
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created by such 'diff' programs do not record incomplete lines
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correctly. This option adds support for applying such patches by
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working around this bug.
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-v::
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--verbose::
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Report progress to stderr. By default, only a message about the
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current patch being applied will be printed. This option will cause
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additional information to be reported.
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--recount::
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Do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers, but infer them
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by inspecting the patch (e.g. after editing the patch without
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adjusting the hunk headers appropriately).
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--directory=<root>::
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Prepend <root> to all filenames. If a "-p" argument was also passed,
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it is applied before prepending the new root.
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For example, a patch that talks about updating `a/git-gui.sh` to `b/git-gui.sh`
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can be applied to the file in the working tree `modules/git-gui/git-gui.sh` by
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running `git apply --directory=modules/git-gui`.
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--unsafe-paths::
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By default, a patch that affects outside the working area
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(either a Git controlled working tree, or the current working
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directory when "git apply" is used as a replacement of GNU
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patch) is rejected as a mistake (or a mischief).
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When `git apply` is used as a "better GNU patch", the user can pass
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the `--unsafe-paths` option to override this safety check. This option
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has no effect when `--index` or `--cached` is in use.
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Configuration
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-------------
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apply.ignoreWhitespace::
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Set to 'change' if you want changes in whitespace to be ignored by default.
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Set to one of: no, none, never, false if you want changes in
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whitespace to be significant.
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apply.whitespace::
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When no `--whitespace` flag is given from the command
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line, this configuration item is used as the default.
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Submodules
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----------
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If the patch contains any changes to submodules then 'git apply'
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treats these changes as follows.
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If `--index` is specified (explicitly or implicitly), then the submodule
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commits must match the index exactly for the patch to apply. If any
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of the submodules are checked-out, then these check-outs are completely
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ignored, i.e., they are not required to be up-to-date or clean and they
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are not updated.
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If `--index` is not specified, then the submodule commits in the patch
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are ignored and only the absence or presence of the corresponding
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subdirectory is checked and (if possible) updated.
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SEE ALSO
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--------
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linkgit:git-am[1].
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GIT
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---
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Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
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