Make TurboModuleProviderFunctionType not depend on TurboModuleManager instance

Summary:
## Description
The C++ lambda that JS invokes to create TurboModules uses `TurboModuleManager`. It is possible for this lambda to outlive the `TurboModuleManager` instance because we delete `TurboModuleManager` on the JS Thread before we schedule the deletion of `CatalystInstanceImpl` object on a neutral third-party background thread. `CatalystInstanceImpl` owns the JS VM instance that owns the C++ lambda.

## [CatalystInstanceImpl.java](https://fburl.com/diffusion/vt4pwjwa)
```
public void destroy() {
  // ...

  getReactQueueConfiguration()
    .getJSQueueThread()
    .runOnQueue(
        new Runnable() {
          Override
          public void run() {
            // We need to destroy the TurboModuleManager on the JS Thread
            if (turboModuleManager != null) {
              turboModuleManager.onCatalystInstanceDestroy();
            }

            getReactQueueConfiguration()
                .getUIQueueThread()
                .runOnQueue(
                    new Runnable() {
                      Override
                      public void run() {
                        // AsyncTask.execute must be executed from the UI Thread
                        AsyncTask.execute(
                            new Runnable() {
                              Override
                              public void run() {
                                // Kill non-UI threads from neutral third party
                                // potentially expensive, so don't run on UI thread

                                // contextHolder is used as a lock to guard against
                                // other users of the JS VM having the VM destroyed
                                // underneath them, so notify them before we reset
                                // Native
                                mJavaScriptContextHolder.clear();

                                mHybridData.resetNative();
                                getReactQueueConfiguration().destroy();
                                Log.d(
                                    ReactConstants.TAG,
                                    "CatalystInstanceImpl.destroy() end");
                                ReactMarker.logMarker(
                                    ReactMarkerConstants.DESTROY_CATALYST_INSTANCE_END);
                              }
                            });
                      }
                    });
          }
        });
    }
  });

  // ...
}
```

The JS thread is also terminated in the neutral third-party thread. Therefore, it should be possible for JS to request a `TurboModule` after `TurboModuleManager` has been destroyed (i.e: JS can try to access memory that was freed). This is why I think we're getting a segfault in T54298358.

## Fix
The fix was to wrap all the member variables of TurboModuleManager we use in `TurboModuleProviderFunctionType` in weak references. This way, we can make sure that the memory is valid before using it.

Reviewed By: fkgozali

Differential Revision: D17539761

fbshipit-source-id: fe527383458a019a4cb9107ec5c3ddd6295ae41c

ReactAndroid/src/main/java/com/facebook/react/turbomodule/core/jni/ReactCommon/TurboModuleManager.cpp

@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@ TurboModuleManager::TurboModuleManager(
   runtime_(rt),
   jsCallInvoker_(jsCallInvoker),
   nativeCallInvoker_(nativeCallInvoker),
-  delegate_(jni::make_global(delegate))
+  delegate_(jni::make_global(delegate)),
+  turboModuleCache_(std::make_shared<TurboModuleCache>())
   {}
 
 jni::local_ref<TurboModuleManager::jhybriddata> TurboModuleManager::initHybrid(
@@ -58,39 +59,57 @@ void TurboModuleManager::installJSIBindings() {
   if (!runtime_) {
     return; // Runtime doesn't exist when attached to Chrome debugger.
   }
+
   TurboModuleBinding::install(*runtime_, std::make_shared<TurboModuleBinding>(
-      [this](const std::string &name) -> std::shared_ptr<TurboModule> {
-        auto turboModuleLookup = turboModuleCache_.find(name);
-        if (turboModuleLookup != turboModuleCache_.end()) {
-          return turboModuleLookup->second;
-        }
+    [
+      turboModuleCache_ = std::weak_ptr<TurboModuleCache>(turboModuleCache_),
+      jsCallInvoker_ = std::weak_ptr<CallInvoker>(jsCallInvoker_),
+      nativeCallInvoker_ = std::weak_ptr<CallInvoker>(nativeCallInvoker_),
+      delegate_ = jni::make_weak(delegate_),
+      javaPart_ = jni::make_weak(javaPart_)
+    ]
+    (const std::string &name) -> std::shared_ptr<TurboModule> {
+      auto turboModuleCache = turboModuleCache_.lock();
+      auto jsCallInvoker = jsCallInvoker_.lock();
+      auto nativeCallInvoker = nativeCallInvoker_.lock();
+      auto delegate = delegate_.lockLocal();
+      auto javaPart = javaPart_.lockLocal();
 
-        auto cxxModule = delegate_->cthis()->getTurboModule(name, jsCallInvoker_);
-        if (cxxModule) {
-          turboModuleCache_.insert({name, cxxModule});
-          return cxxModule;
-        }
+      if (!turboModuleCache || !jsCallInvoker || !nativeCallInvoker || !delegate || !javaPart) {
+        return nullptr;
+      }
 
-        static auto getLegacyCxxModule = delegate_->getClass()->getMethod<jni::alias_ref<CxxModuleWrapper::javaobject>(const std::string&)>("getLegacyCxxModule");
-        auto legacyCxxModule = getLegacyCxxModule(delegate_.get(), name);
+      auto turboModuleLookup = turboModuleCache->find(name);
+      if (turboModuleLookup != turboModuleCache->end()) {
+        return turboModuleLookup->second;
+      }
 
-        if (legacyCxxModule) {
-          auto turboModule = std::make_shared<react::TurboCxxModule>(legacyCxxModule->cthis()->getModule(), jsCallInvoker_);
-          turboModuleCache_.insert({name, turboModule});
-          return turboModule;
-        }
+      auto cxxModule = delegate->cthis()->getTurboModule(name, jsCallInvoker);
+      if (cxxModule) {
+        turboModuleCache->insert({name, cxxModule});
+        return cxxModule;
+      }
 
-        static auto getJavaModule = javaClassStatic()->getMethod<jni::alias_ref<JTurboModule>(const std::string&)>("getJavaModule");
-        auto moduleInstance = getJavaModule(javaPart_.get(), name);
+      static auto getLegacyCxxModule = delegate->getClass()->getMethod<jni::alias_ref<CxxModuleWrapper::javaobject>(const std::string&)>("getLegacyCxxModule");
+      auto legacyCxxModule = getLegacyCxxModule(delegate.get(), name);
 
-        if (moduleInstance) {
-          auto turboModule = delegate_->cthis()->getTurboModule(name, moduleInstance, jsCallInvoker_, nativeCallInvoker_);
-          turboModuleCache_.insert({name, turboModule});
-          return turboModule;
-        }
+      if (legacyCxxModule) {
+        auto turboModule = std::make_shared<react::TurboCxxModule>(legacyCxxModule->cthis()->getModule(), jsCallInvoker);
+        turboModuleCache->insert({name, turboModule});
+        return turboModule;
+      }
 
-        return std::shared_ptr<TurboModule>(nullptr);
-      })
+      static auto getJavaModule = javaPart->getClass()->getMethod<jni::alias_ref<JTurboModule>(const std::string&)>("getJavaModule");
+      auto moduleInstance = getJavaModule(javaPart.get(), name);
+
+      if (moduleInstance) {
+        auto turboModule = delegate->cthis()->getTurboModule(name, moduleInstance, jsCallInvoker, nativeCallInvoker);
+        turboModuleCache->insert({name, turboModule});
+        return turboModule;
+      }
+
+      return nullptr;
+    })
   );
 }
 

ReactAndroid/src/main/java/com/facebook/react/turbomodule/core/jni/ReactCommon/TurboModuleManager.h

@@ -40,13 +40,15 @@ private:
   std::shared_ptr<CallInvoker> nativeCallInvoker_;
   jni::global_ref<TurboModuleManagerDelegate::javaobject> delegate_;
 
+  using TurboModuleCache = std::unordered_map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<react::TurboModule>>;
+
   /**
    * TODO(T48018690):
    * All modules are currently long-lived.
    * We need to come up with a mechanism to allow modules to specify whether
    * they want to be long-lived or short-lived.
    */
-  std::unordered_map<std::string, std::shared_ptr<react::TurboModule>> turboModuleCache_;
+  std::shared_ptr<TurboModuleCache> turboModuleCache_;
 
   void installJSIBindings();
   explicit TurboModuleManager(