gecko-dev/image/StreamingLexer.h

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/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
/* vim: set ts=8 sts=2 et sw=2 tw=80: */
/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
* License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
* file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
/**
* StreamingLexer is a lexing framework designed to make it simple to write
* image decoders without worrying about the details of how the data is arriving
* from the network.
*/
#ifndef mozilla_image_StreamingLexer_h
#define mozilla_image_StreamingLexer_h
#include <algorithm>
#include "mozilla/Assertions.h"
#include "mozilla/Attributes.h"
#include "mozilla/Maybe.h"
#include "mozilla/Variant.h"
#include "mozilla/Vector.h"
namespace mozilla {
namespace image {
/// Buffering behaviors for StreamingLexer transitions.
enum class BufferingStrategy
{
BUFFERED, // Data will be buffered and processed in one chunk.
UNBUFFERED // Data will be processed as it arrives, in multiple chunks.
};
/// The result of a call to StreamingLexer::Lex().
enum class TerminalState
{
SUCCESS,
FAILURE
};
/**
* LexerTransition is a type used to give commands to the lexing framework.
* Code that uses StreamingLexer can create LexerTransition values using the
* static methods on Transition, and then return them to the lexing framework
* for execution.
*/
template <typename State>
class LexerTransition
{
public:
// This is implicit so that Terminate{Success,Failure}() can return a
// TerminalState and have it implicitly converted to a
// LexerTransition<State>, which avoids the need for a "<State>"
// qualification to the Terminate{Success,Failure}() callsite.
MOZ_IMPLICIT LexerTransition(TerminalState aFinalState)
: mNextState(aFinalState)
{}
bool NextStateIsTerminal() const
{
return mNextState.template is<TerminalState>();
}
TerminalState NextStateAsTerminal() const
{
return mNextState.template as<TerminalState>();
}
State NextState() const
{
return mNextState.template as<NonTerminalState>().mState;
}
State UnbufferedState() const
{
return *mNextState.template as<NonTerminalState>().mUnbufferedState;
}
size_t Size() const
{
return mNextState.template as<NonTerminalState>().mSize;
}
BufferingStrategy Buffering() const
{
return mNextState.template as<NonTerminalState>().mBufferingStrategy;
}
private:
friend struct Transition;
LexerTransition(State aNextState,
const Maybe<State>& aUnbufferedState,
size_t aSize,
BufferingStrategy aBufferingStrategy)
: mNextState(NonTerminalState(aNextState, aUnbufferedState, aSize,
aBufferingStrategy))
{}
struct NonTerminalState
{
State mState;
Maybe<State> mUnbufferedState;
size_t mSize;
BufferingStrategy mBufferingStrategy;
NonTerminalState(State aState,
const Maybe<State>& aUnbufferedState,
size_t aSize,
BufferingStrategy aBufferingStrategy)
: mState(aState)
, mUnbufferedState(aUnbufferedState)
, mSize(aSize)
, mBufferingStrategy(aBufferingStrategy)
{
MOZ_ASSERT_IF(mBufferingStrategy == BufferingStrategy::UNBUFFERED,
mUnbufferedState);
MOZ_ASSERT_IF(mUnbufferedState,
mBufferingStrategy == BufferingStrategy::UNBUFFERED);
}
};
Variant<NonTerminalState, TerminalState> mNextState;
};
struct Transition
{
/// Transition to @aNextState, buffering @aSize bytes of data.
template <typename State>
static LexerTransition<State>
To(const State& aNextState, size_t aSize)
{
return LexerTransition<State>(aNextState, Nothing(), aSize,
BufferingStrategy::BUFFERED);
}
/**
* Transition to @aNextState via @aUnbufferedState, reading @aSize bytes of
* data unbuffered.
*
* The unbuffered data will be delivered in state @aUnbufferedState, which may
* be invoked repeatedly until all @aSize bytes have been delivered. Then,
* @aNextState will be invoked with no data. No state transitions are allowed
* from @aUnbufferedState except for transitions to a terminal state, so
* @aNextState will always be reached unless lexing terminates early.
*/
template <typename State>
static LexerTransition<State>
ToUnbuffered(const State& aNextState,
const State& aUnbufferedState,
size_t aSize)
{
return LexerTransition<State>(aNextState, Some(aUnbufferedState), aSize,
BufferingStrategy::UNBUFFERED);
}
/**
* Continue receiving unbuffered data. @aUnbufferedState should be the same
* state as the @aUnbufferedState specified in the preceding call to
* ToUnbuffered().
*
* This should be used during an unbuffered read initiated by ToUnbuffered().
*/
template <typename State>
static LexerTransition<State>
ContinueUnbuffered(const State& aUnbufferedState)
{
return LexerTransition<State>(aUnbufferedState, Nothing(), 0,
BufferingStrategy::BUFFERED);
}
/**
* Terminate lexing, ending up in terminal state SUCCESS. (The implicit
* LexerTransition constructor will convert the result to a LexerTransition
* as needed.)
*
* No more data will be delivered after this function is used.
*/
static TerminalState
TerminateSuccess()
{
return TerminalState::SUCCESS;
}
/**
* Terminate lexing, ending up in terminal state FAILURE. (The implicit
* LexerTransition constructor will convert the result to a LexerTransition
* as needed.)
*
* No more data will be delivered after this function is used.
*/
static TerminalState
TerminateFailure()
{
return TerminalState::FAILURE;
}
private:
Transition();
};
/**
* StreamingLexer is a lexing framework designed to make it simple to write
* image decoders without worrying about the details of how the data is arriving
* from the network.
*
* To use StreamingLexer:
*
* - Create a State type. This should be an |enum class| listing all of the
* states that you can be in while lexing the image format you're trying to
* read.
*
* - Add an instance of StreamingLexer<State> to your decoder class. Initialize
* it with a Transition::To() the state that you want to start lexing in.
*
* - In your decoder's WriteInternal method(), call Lex(), passing in the input
* data and length that are passed to WriteInternal(). You also need to pass
* a lambda which dispatches to lexing code for each state based on the State
* value that's passed in. The lambda generally should just continue a
* |switch| statement that calls different methods for each State value. Each
* method should return a LexerTransition<State>, which the lambda should
* return in turn.
*
* - Write the methods that actually implement lexing for your image format.
* These methods should return either Transition::To(), to move on to another
* state, or Transition::Terminate{Success,Failure}(), if lexing has
* terminated in either success or failure. (There are also additional
* transitions for unbuffered reads; see below.)
*
* That's all there is to it. The StreamingLexer will track your position in the
* input and buffer enough data so that your lexing methods can process
* everything in one pass. Lex() returns Nothing() if more data is needed, in
* which case you should just return from WriteInternal(). If lexing reaches a
* terminal state, Lex() returns Some(State::SUCCESS) or Some(State::FAILURE),
* and you can check which one to determine if lexing succeeded or failed and do
* any necessary cleanup.
*
* There's one more wrinkle: some lexers may want to *avoid* buffering in some
* cases, and just process the data as it comes in. This is useful if, for
* example, you just want to skip over a large section of data; there's no point
* in buffering data you're just going to ignore.
*
* You can begin an unbuffered read with Transition::ToUnbuffered(). This works
* a little differently than Transition::To() in that you specify *two* states.
* The @aUnbufferedState argument specifies a state that will be called
* repeatedly with unbuffered data, as soon as it arrives. The implementation
* for that state should return either a transition to a terminal state, or
* Transition::ContinueUnbuffered(). Once the amount of data requested in the
* original call to Transition::ToUnbuffered() has been delivered, Lex() will
* transition to the @aNextState state specified via Transition::ToUnbuffered().
* That state will be invoked with *no* data; it's just called to signal that
* the unbuffered read is over.
*
* XXX(seth): We should be able to get of the |State| stuff totally once bug
* 1198451 lands, since we can then just return a function representing the next
* state directly.
*/
template <typename State, size_t InlineBufferSize = 16>
class StreamingLexer
{
public:
explicit StreamingLexer(LexerTransition<State> aStartState)
: mTransition(aStartState)
, mToReadUnbuffered(0)
{ }
template <typename Func>
Maybe<TerminalState> Lex(const char* aInput, size_t aLength, Func aFunc)
{
if (mTransition.NextStateIsTerminal()) {
// We've already reached a terminal state. We never deliver any more data
// in this case; just return the terminal state again immediately.
return Some(mTransition.NextStateAsTerminal());
}
if (mToReadUnbuffered > 0) {
// We're continuing an unbuffered read.
MOZ_ASSERT(mBuffer.empty(),
"Shouldn't be continuing an unbuffered read and a buffered "
"read at the same time");
size_t toRead = std::min(mToReadUnbuffered, aLength);
// Call aFunc with the unbuffered state to indicate that we're in the
// middle of an unbuffered read. We enforce that any state transition
// passed back to us is either a terminal state or takes us back to the
// unbuffered state.
LexerTransition<State> unbufferedTransition =
aFunc(mTransition.UnbufferedState(), aInput, toRead);
if (unbufferedTransition.NextStateIsTerminal()) {
mTransition = unbufferedTransition;
return Some(mTransition.NextStateAsTerminal()); // Done!
}
MOZ_ASSERT(mTransition.UnbufferedState() ==
unbufferedTransition.NextState());
aInput += toRead;
aLength -= toRead;
mToReadUnbuffered -= toRead;
if (mToReadUnbuffered != 0) {
return Nothing(); // Need more input.
}
// We're done with the unbuffered read, so transition to the next state.
mTransition = aFunc(mTransition.NextState(), nullptr, 0);
if (mTransition.NextStateIsTerminal()) {
return Some(mTransition.NextStateAsTerminal()); // Done!
}
} else if (0 < mBuffer.length()) {
// We're continuing a buffered read.
MOZ_ASSERT(mToReadUnbuffered == 0,
"Shouldn't be continuing an unbuffered read and a buffered "
"read at the same time");
MOZ_ASSERT(mBuffer.length() < mTransition.Size(),
"Buffered more than we needed?");
size_t toRead = std::min(aLength, mTransition.Size() - mBuffer.length());
mBuffer.append(aInput, toRead);
aInput += toRead;
aLength -= toRead;
if (mBuffer.length() != mTransition.Size()) {
return Nothing(); // Need more input.
}
// We've buffered everything, so transition to the next state.
mTransition =
aFunc(mTransition.NextState(), mBuffer.begin(), mBuffer.length());
mBuffer.clear();
if (mTransition.NextStateIsTerminal()) {
return Some(mTransition.NextStateAsTerminal()); // Done!
}
}
MOZ_ASSERT(mToReadUnbuffered == 0);
MOZ_ASSERT(mBuffer.empty());
// Process states as long as we continue to have enough input to do so.
while (mTransition.Size() <= aLength) {
size_t toRead = mTransition.Size();
if (mTransition.Buffering() == BufferingStrategy::BUFFERED) {
mTransition = aFunc(mTransition.NextState(), aInput, toRead);
} else {
MOZ_ASSERT(mTransition.Buffering() == BufferingStrategy::UNBUFFERED);
// Call aFunc with the unbuffered state to indicate that we're in the
// middle of an unbuffered read. We enforce that any state transition
// passed back to us is either a terminal state or takes us back to the
// unbuffered state.
LexerTransition<State> unbufferedTransition =
aFunc(mTransition.UnbufferedState(), aInput, toRead);
if (unbufferedTransition.NextStateIsTerminal()) {
mTransition = unbufferedTransition;
return Some(mTransition.NextStateAsTerminal()); // Done!
}
MOZ_ASSERT(mTransition.UnbufferedState() ==
unbufferedTransition.NextState());
// We're done with the unbuffered read, so transition to the next state.
mTransition = aFunc(mTransition.NextState(), nullptr, 0);
}
aInput += toRead;
aLength -= toRead;
if (mTransition.NextStateIsTerminal()) {
return Some(mTransition.NextStateAsTerminal()); // Done!
}
}
if (aLength == 0) {
// We finished right at a transition point. Just wait for more data.
return Nothing();
}
// If the next state is unbuffered, deliver what we can and then wait.
if (mTransition.Buffering() == BufferingStrategy::UNBUFFERED) {
LexerTransition<State> unbufferedTransition =
aFunc(mTransition.UnbufferedState(), aInput, aLength);
if (unbufferedTransition.NextStateIsTerminal()) {
mTransition = unbufferedTransition;
return Some(mTransition.NextStateAsTerminal()); // Done!
}
MOZ_ASSERT(mTransition.UnbufferedState() ==
unbufferedTransition.NextState());
mToReadUnbuffered = mTransition.Size() - aLength;
return Nothing(); // Need more input.
}
// If the next state is buffered, buffer what we can and then wait.
MOZ_ASSERT(mTransition.Buffering() == BufferingStrategy::BUFFERED);
if (!mBuffer.reserve(mTransition.Size())) {
return Some(TerminalState::FAILURE); // Done due to allocation failure.
}
mBuffer.append(aInput, aLength);
return Nothing(); // Need more input.
}
private:
Vector<char, InlineBufferSize> mBuffer;
LexerTransition<State> mTransition;
size_t mToReadUnbuffered;
};
} // namespace image
} // namespace mozilla
#endif // mozilla_image_StreamingLexer_h