gecko-dev/xpcom/doc/MemoryTools.html

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<CENTER>
<H1>
How to debug memory leaks/refcnt leaks</H1></CENTER>

<CENTER>
  Last update: September 5, 2000 
</CENTER>

<H2>
What tools do we have?</H2>
The mozilla team has developed a number of memory analysis tools to augment
commercial tools like Purify. These can help us more quickly spot and fix
memory leaks and memory bloat (our term for taking up too much memory,
aka footprint). Here's a list of what we have at our disposal:
<UL>
<LI>
<B>BloatView </B>- This tool dumps out per-class statistics on the total
number of refcounts and instances, as well as unreleased refcounts and
un-deleted instances, and the amount of memory consumed by them. (more
<A href="#BloatView">below</A>)</LI>

<LI>
<B>Boehm GC Leak Detector </B>- The Boehm garbage collector has be modified
to serve as a leak detector. It's output can be post-processed by the "Leak
Soup" tool to find the roots of leaked objects. This lets developers quickly
focus on the key objects that need to be freed, rather than the whole graph
of objects to which they refer. (more <A href="#Boehm">below</A>)</LI>

<LI>
<B>Refcount Tracing</B> - Stack traces can also be dumped out for object
allocations and refcounting. This information can be post-processed by
the <A href="http://www.mozilla.org/performance/refcnt-balancer.html">Refcount
Balancer</A> tool to match up AddRefs and Releases to find the code that
has missing Releases. (more <A href="#RefcountTracing">below</A>)</LI>

<LI>
<B>Leaky</B> - This tool also dumps out stack traces (in a slightly different
format) and can again be used to match up AddRefs with Releases in order
to find missing Release calls. (more <A href="#Leaky">below</A>)</LI>

<LI>
<B>Menu items to interactively control Purify</B> - Interactively triggering
a dump of all leaks or new leaks from within the running application is
still one of the best ways to debug leaks in your subsystem. Menu items
for this can be enabled for both viewer and apprunner. (more <A href="#Purify">below</A>)</LI>
</UL>
More description on each of these will be provided below.
<H2>
How to turn on refcnt/memory logging</H2>
Assuming you have a build with refcnt logging enabled (we'll tell you how
to do that next), here's what you have to do to use it. All of the following
environment variables can be set to any of these values:
<UL>
<LI>
<B>1</B> - log to stdout</LI>

<LI>
<B>2</B> - log to stderr</LI>

<LI>
<B><I>filename</I></B> - write log to a file</LI>
</UL>
The log environment variables are:
<BLOCKQUOTE>XPCOM_MEM_BLOAT_LOG</BLOCKQUOTE>

<BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>If this environment variable is set then xpcom will use the
"bloat" trackers. The bloat trackers gather data for the BloatView output
that occurs when the program exits, when about:bloat is loaded, or a call
to nsTraceRefcnt::DumpStatistics is made.
<P>When an addref/release/ctor/dtor call is made, the data is logged and
attributed to the particular data type.
<P>By default enabling this environment variable will cause the BloatView
software to dump out the entire database of collected data. If all you
want to see is that data for objects that leaked, set the environment variable
XPCOM_MEM_LEAK_LOG.</BLOCKQUOTE>
XPCOM_MEM_LEAK_LOG
<BLOCKQUOTE>This is basically a subset of XPCOM_MEM_BLOAT_LOG, and only
shows classes that had object that were leaked, instead of statistics for
all classes.</BLOCKQUOTE>
XPCOM_MEM_REFCNT_LOG
<BLOCKQUOTE>Setting this environment variable enables refcount tracing.
<BR>Only enable this for severe pain (unless you are using refcount tracing
or leaky, see below). What this does is to enable logging (to stdout) of
each and every call to addref/release without discrimination to the types
involved. The output includes mapping the call-stacks at the time of the
call to symbolic forms (on platforms that support this) and thus will be
*very* *VERY* *VERY* slow. Did I say slow?  It is not as slow when using
XPCOM_MEM_LOG_CLASSES and XPCOM_MEM_LOG_OBJECTS</BLOCKQUOTE>
XPCOM_MEM_COMPTR_LOG
<BLOCKQUOTE>This environment variable enables logging of additions and
releases of objects into nsCOMPtrs.  This is currently only enabled on
Linux.</BLOCKQUOTE>
XPCOM_MEM_ALLOC_LOG
<BLOCKQUOTE>For losing architectures (those that don't have stack-crawl
software written for them), xpcom supports logging at the *call site* to
AddRef/Release using the usual cpp __FILE__ and __LINE__ number macro expansion
hackery. This results in slower code, but at least you get *some* data
about where the leaks might be occurring from.</BLOCKQUOTE>
XPCOM_MEM_LEAKY_LOG
<BLOCKQUOTE>For platforms that support leaky, xpcom will endeavor to find
at run time the symbols "__log_addref" and "__log_release" and if found,
instead of doing the slow painful stack crawls at program execution time
instead it will pass the buck to the leaky software. This will allow your
program to actually run in user friendly real time, but does require that
your platform support leaky. Currently only linux supports leaky.</BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
In addition, the following variable may be set to a list of class names:
<BLOCKQUOTE>XPCOM_MEM_LOG_CLASSES</BLOCKQUOTE>

<BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>Instead of slowing to a useless, instead you can slow to a
meer crawl by using this option. When enabled, the xpcom logging software
will look for the XPCOM_MEM_LOG_CLASSES environment variable (for platforms
that support getenv). The variable contains a comma seperated list of names
which will be used to compare against the type's of the objects being logged.
For example:
<BLOCKQUOTE>env XPCOM_MEM_LOG_CLASSES=nsWebShell XPCOM_MEM_REFCNT_LOG=1
./apprunner</BLOCKQUOTE>

will show you just the AddRef/Release calls to instances of nsWebShell
while running apprunner.Note that setting XPCOM_MEM_LOG_CLASSES will
also list the <I>serial number</I> of each object that leaked in the
"bloat log" (that is, the file specified by the XPCOM_MEM_BLOAT_LOG
variable). An object's serial number is simply a unique number,
starting at one, that is assigned to the object when it is allocated.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>

You may use an object's serial number with the following variable to
further restrict the reference count tracing:

<BLOCKQUOTE>XPCOM_MEM_LOG_OBJECTS</BLOCKQUOTE>

<BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>Set this variable to a comma-separated list of object
<I>serial number</I> or ranges of <I>serial number</I>, e.g.,
<CODE>1,37-42,73,165</CODE>. When this is set, along with
XPCOM_MEM_LOG_CLASSES and XPCOM_MEM_REFCNT_LOG, a stack track will be
generated for <EM>only</EM> the specific objects that you list. For
example,

<BLOCKQUOTE>env XPCOM_MEM_LOG_CLASSES=nsWebShell XPCOM_MEM_LOG_OBJECTS=2 XPCOM_MEM_REFCNT_LOG=1
./apprunner</BLOCKQUOTE>

will dump stack traces to the console for the 2nd
<CODE>nsWebShell</CODE> object that gets allocated, and nothing else.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>

<HR width="100%">
<H2>
<A name="BloatView"></A>1. BloatView</H2>
BloatView dumps out per-class statistics on allocations and refcounts,
and provides gross numbers on the amount of memory being leaked broken
down by class. Here's a sample of the BloatView output:
<PRE>== BloatView: ALL (cumulative) LEAK AND BLOAT STATISTICS

&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |&lt;------Class----->|&lt;-----Bytes------>|&lt;----------------Objects---------------->|&lt;--------------References-------------->|
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Per-Inst&nbsp;&nbsp; Leaked&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Total&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Rem&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Mean&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; StdDev&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Total&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Rem&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Mean&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; StdDev
&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 TOTAL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 193&nbsp; 2480436&nbsp;&nbsp; 316271&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 12852 ( 5377.07 +/-&nbsp; 5376.38)&nbsp;&nbsp; 410590&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 16079 ( 2850.93 +/-&nbsp; 2849.79)
&nbsp;&nbsp; 1 StyleSetImpl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 32&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.88 +/-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3.15)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6304&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7.18 +/-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6.63)
&nbsp;&nbsp; 2 SinkContext&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 32&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 19&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1.87 +/-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1.04)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.00 +/-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.00)
&nbsp;&nbsp; 3 nsXPCClasses&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1.00 +/-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.71)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 41&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5.57 +/-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 4.98)
&nbsp;&nbsp; 4 NameSpaceURIKey&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 72&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 158&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 9 (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 8.16 +/-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7.62)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.00 +/-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.00)
&nbsp;&nbsp; 5 nsSupportsArray&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 36&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 11304&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2581&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 314 (&nbsp; 477.13 +/-&nbsp;&nbsp; 476.53)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 9223&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 314 (&nbsp; 579.23 +/-&nbsp;&nbsp; 578.64)
&nbsp;&nbsp; 6 nsView&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 96&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 57&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 (&nbsp;&nbsp; 27.64 +/-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 26.98)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.00 +/-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.00)
&nbsp;&nbsp; 7 nsEnderDocumentObser&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.50 +/-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.87)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 (&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.50 +/-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.87)</PRE>
Here's how you interpret the columns:
<UL>
<LI>
<B>Class</B> - The name of the class in question. (Warning: The class name
is truncated to 20 characters.)</LI>

<LI>
<B>Bytes Per-Inst </B>- The number of bytes returned if you were to write
sizeof(<I>Class</I>). Note that this number does not reflect any memory
held onto by the class, such as internal buffers, etc. (E.g. for nsStr
-- you're seeing the size of the header struct, not the size of the string!)</LI>

<LI>
<B>Bytes Leaked</B> - The number of bytes per instance times the number
of objects leaked (Bytes Per-Inst * Objects Rem). Use this number to look
for the worst offenders. <FONT color="#FF0000">(Should be zero!)</FONT></LI>

<LI>
<B>Objects Total</B> - The total count of objects allocated of a given
class.</LI>

<LI>
<B>Objects Rem</B> - The number of objects allocated of a given class that
weren't deleted. <FONT color="#FF0000">(Should be zero!)</FONT></LI>

<LI>
<B>Objects Mean</B> - The mean (average) number of objects of a given class
across the lifetime of the run. Data points are taken whenever new and
delete are called (not at regular intervals).</LI>

<LI>
<B>Objects StdDev</B> - The standard deviation in the mean number of objects
allocated.</LI>

<LI>
<B>References Total </B>- The total number of AddRefs performed on a given
class.</LI>

<LI>
<B>References Rem</B> - The number of references on a given class that
weren't Released. <FONT color="#FF0000">(Should be zero!)</FONT></LI>

<LI>
<B>References Mean</B> - The mean (average) number of references to a given
class across the lifetime of the run. Data points are taken whenever AddRef
and Release are called (not at regular intervals).</LI>

<LI>
<B>References StdDev</B> - The standard deviation in the mean number of
references</LI>
</UL>
Interesting things to look for:
<UL>
<LI>
<B><FONT color="#FF0000">Are your classes in the list?</FONT></B> - Look!
If they aren't, then you're not using the NS_IMPL_ADDREF and NS_IMPL_RELEASE
(or NS_IMPL_ISUPPORTS which calls them) for xpcom objects, or MOZ_COUNT_CTOR
and MOZ_COUNT_DTOR for non-xpcom objects. Not having your classes in the
list is <I>not</I> ok. That means no one is looking at them, and we won't
be able to tell if someone introduces a leak. (see <A href="#Instrumenting">below</A>
for how to fix this)</LI>

<LI>
<B><FONT color="#FF0000">The Bytes Leaked for your classes should be zero!</FONT></B>
- Need I say more? If it isn't, you should use the other tools to fix it.</LI>

<LI>
<B>The number of objects remaining might be equal to the total number of
objects.</B> This could indicate a hand-written Release method (that doesn't
use the NS_LOG_RELEASE macro from nsTraceRefcnt.h), or perhaps you're just
not freeing any of the instances you've allocated. These sorts of leaks
are easy to fix.</LI>

<LI>
<B>The total number of objects might be 1.</B> This might indicate a global
variable or service. Usually this will have a large number of refcounts.</LI>

<LI>
<B>The number of refcounts might equal the total number of objects.</B>
This class might be a candidate for a non-xpcom object (but be very cautious
about changing this if it implements any interfaces besides nsISupports).</LI>

<LI>
<B>The mean number of objects is much lower than the total.</B> This indicates
a few objects of this class are allocated and then freed, as opposed to
the opposite case where there's a big build-up of instances that are all
freed together (perhaps at the end of the program).</LI>
</UL>
You can also dump out bloat statistics interactively by typing <A href="about:bloat">about:bloat</A>
in the location bar, or by using the menu items under the QA menu in debug
builds. Note that you need to have the XPCOM_MEM_BLOAT_LOG or XPCOM_MEM_LEAK_LOG
envirionment variable defined first. You can also type <A href="about:bloat?new">about:bloat?new</A>
to get a log since the last time you called it, or <A href="about:bloat?clear">about:bloat?clear</A>
to clear the current set of statistics completely (use this option with
caution as it can result in what look like negative refcounts, etc). Whenever
these options are used, the log data is dumped to a file relative to the
program's directory:
<BLOCKQUOTE>bloatlogs/all-1999-10-16-010302.txt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
(a complete log resulting from the about:bloat command)
<BR>bloatlogs/new-1999-10-16-010423.txt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (an incremental
log resulting from the about:bloat?new command)</BLOCKQUOTE>

<H3>Viewing, Sorting, and Comparing Bloat Logs</H3>

<P>You can view one or more bloat logs in your browser by running the following program:</P>

<BLOCKQUOTE><CODE>perl</CODE>&nbsp;<CODE>mozilla/tools/memory/bloattable.pl</CODE>&nbsp;<I>log1</I>&nbsp;<I>log2</I>&nbsp;...&nbsp;<I>logn</I>&nbsp;<CODE>&gt;</CODE>&nbsp;<I>htmlfile</I></BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>This will produce an HTML file that contains a table such as:</P>

<DIV class=example>
<SCRIPT type="text/javascript">
var classTables = [
["nsHashKey", 8, 610568,32000,76321,4000,0,0, 1842400,536,230300,67,0,0, 2457872,568,307234,71,0,0, 1134592,1216,141824,152,0,0, 6045432,34320,755679,4290,0,0],
["nsLineLayout", 1100, 2200,0,2,0,0,0, 225500,0,205,0,0,0, 402600,0,366,0,0,0, 562100,0,511,0,0,0, 1192400,0,1084,0,0,0],
["nsLocalFile", 424, 558832,72080,1318,170,10020,171, 19928,1272,47,3,314,5, 1696,424,4,1,46,2, 1272,-424,3,-1,31,-2, 581728,73352,1372,173,10411,176],
["nsStr", 20, 6261600,222760,313080,11138,0,0, 3781900,48760,189095,2438,0,0, 1120920,13280,56046,664,0,0, 1791340,76160,89567,3808,0,0, 12955760,360960,647788,18048,0,0],
["nsStyleContextData", 736, 259808,141312,353,192,353,192, 325312,220800,442,300,442,300, 489440,-11040,665,-15,665,-15, 338560,94944,460,129,460,129, 1413120,446016,1920,606,1920,606],
["nsTextTransformer", 548, 8220,0,15,0,0,0, 469088,0,856,0,0,0, 1414936,0,2582,0,0,0, 1532756,0,2797,0,0,0, 3425000,0,6250,0,0,0]];

var srcArray = [
"var nFiles = 4;",
"var fileTags = ['blank', 'mozilla', 'yahoo', 'netscape'];",
"var fileNames = ['blank.txt', 'mozilla.txt', 'yahoo.txt', 'netscape.txt'];",
"var fileDates = ['Tue Aug 29 14:17:40 2000', 'Tue Aug 29 14:18:42 2000', 'Tue Aug 29 14:19:32 2000', 'Tue Aug 29 14:20:14 2000'];",
"var totals = [\"TOTAL\", undefined, undefined,1754408,478927,52979,748796,46867, undefined,432556,475598,7579,1871220,7561, undefined,179828,386541,4623,2348377,5122, undefined,404184,263126,9660,1652000,7178, undefined,2770976,1604192,74841,6620393,66728];",
"var showMode;",
"var modeName;",
"var modeNameUpper;",
"var sortColumn;",
"function sortCompare(x, y) {",
"if (sortColumn) {",
"var xc = x[sortColumn];",
"var yc = y[sortColumn];",
"if (xc < yc || xc === undefined && yc !== undefined) return 1;",
"if (yc < xc || yc === undefined && xc !== undefined) return -1;",
"}",
"var x0 = x[0];",
"var y0 = y[0];",
"if (x0 > y0 || x0 === undefined && y0 !== undefined) return 1;",
"if (y0 > x0 || y0 === undefined && x0 !== undefined) return -1;",
"return 0;",
"}",
"function quoteHTML(s) {",
"s = s.replace(/&/g, '&amp;');",
"s = s.replace(/\\x3C/g, '&lt;');",
"s = s.replace(/>/g, '&gt;');",
"s = s.replace(/ /g, '&nbsp;');",
"return s;",
"}",
"function writeFileTable(d) {",
"d.writeln('<TABLE border=1 cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0>');",
"d.writeln('<TR>\\n<TH>Name<\/TH>\\n<TH>File<\/TH>\\n<TH>Date<\/TH>\\n<\/TR>');",
"for (var i = 0; i < nFiles; i++)",
"d.writeln('<TR>\\n<TD>'+quoteHTML(fileTags[i])+'<\/TD>\\n<TD><TT>'+quoteHTML(fileNames[i])+'<\/TT><\/TD>\\n<TD>'+quoteHTML(fileDates[i])+'<\/TD>\\n<\/TR>');",
"d.writeln('<\/TABLE>');",
"}",
"function writeReloadLink(d, column, s, rowspan) {",
"d.write(rowspan == 1 ? '<TH>' : '<TH rowspan='+rowspan+'>');",
"if (column != sortColumn)",
"d.write('<A href=\"javascript:reloadSelf('+column+','+showMode+')\">');",
"d.write(s);",
"if (column != sortColumn)",
"d.write('<\/A>');",
"d.writeln('<\/TH>');",
"}",
"function writeClassTableRow(d, row, base, modeName) {",
"if (modeName) {",
"d.writeln('<TR>\\n<TH>'+modeName+'<\/TH>');",
"} else {",
"d.writeln('<TR>\\n<TD><A href=\"javascript:showRowDetail(\\''+row[0]+'\\')\">'+quoteHTML(row[0])+'<\/A><\/TD>');",
"var v = row[1];",
"d.writeln('<TD class=num>'+(v === undefined ? '' : v)+'<\/TD>');",
"}",
"for (var i = 0; i != 2; i++) {",
"var c = base + i;",
"for (var j = 0; j <= nFiles; j++) {",
"v = row[c];",
"var style = 'num';",
"if (j != nFiles)",
"if (v > 0) {",
"style = 'pos';",
"v = '+'+v;",
"} else",
"style = 'neg';",
"d.writeln('<TD class='+style+'>'+(v === undefined ? '' : v)+'<\/TD>');",
"c += 6;",
"}",
"}",
"d.writeln('<\/TR>');",
"}",
"function writeClassTable(d) {",
"var base = 2 + showMode*2;",
"var table = classTables.concat();",
"table.sort(sortCompare);",
"d.writeln('<TABLE border=1 cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0>');",
"d.writeln('<TR>');",
"writeReloadLink(d, 0, 'Class Name', 2);",
"writeReloadLink(d, 1, 'Instance<BR>Size', 2);",
"d.writeln('<TH colspan='+(nFiles+1)+'>'+modeNameUpper+'s allocated<\/TH>');",
"d.writeln('<TH colspan='+(nFiles+1)+'>'+modeNameUpper+'s allocated but not freed<\/TH>\\n<\/TR>');",
"d.writeln('<TR>');",
"for (var i = 0; i != 2; i++) {",
"var c = base + i;",
"for (var j = 0; j <= nFiles; j++) {",
"writeReloadLink(d, c, j == nFiles ? 'Total' : quoteHTML(fileTags[j]), 1);",
"c += 6;",
"}",
"}",
"d.writeln('<\/TR>');",
"writeClassTableRow(d, totals, base, 0);",
"for (var r = 0; r < table.length; r++)",
"writeClassTableRow(d, table[r], base, 0);",
"d.writeln('<\/TABLE>');",
"}",
"var modeNames = [\"byte\", \"object\", \"reference\"];",
"var modeNamesUpper = [\"Byte\", \"Object\", \"Reference\"];",
"var styleSheet = '<STYLE type=\"TEXT/CSS\">\\n'+",
"'BODY {background-color: #FFFFFF; color: #000000}\\n'+",
"'.num {text-align: right}\\n'+",
"'.pos {text-align: right; color: #CC0000}\\n'+",
"'.neg {text-align: right; color: #009900}\\n'+",
"'<\/STYLE>';",
"function showHead(d) {",
"modeName = modeNames[showMode];",
"modeNameUpper = modeNamesUpper[showMode];",
"d.writeln('<TITLE>'+modeNameUpper+' Bloats<\/TITLE>');",
"d.writeln(styleSheet);",
"}",
"function showBody(d) {",
"d.writeln('<H1>'+modeNameUpper+' Bloats<\/H1>');",
"writeFileTable(d);",
"d.write('<FORM>');",
"for (var i = 0; i != 3; i++)",
"if (i != showMode) {",
"var newSortColumn = sortColumn;",
"if (sortColumn >= 2)",
"newSortColumn = sortColumn + (i-showMode)*2;",
"d.write('<INPUT type=\"button\" value=\"Show '+modeNamesUpper[i]+'s\" onClick=\"reloadSelf('+newSortColumn+','+i+')\">');",
"}",
"d.writeln('<\/FORM>');",
"d.writeln('<P>The numbers do not include <CODE>malloc<\/CODE>\\'d data such as string contents.<\/P>');",
"d.writeln('<P>Click on a column heading to sort by that column. Click on a class name to see details for that class.<\/P>');",
"writeClassTable(d);",
"}",
"function showRowDetail(rowName) {",
"var row;",
"var i;",
"if (rowName == \"TOTAL\")",
"row = totals;",
"else {",
"for (i = 0; i < classTables.length; i++)",
"if (rowName == classTables[i][0]) {",
"row = classTables[i];",
"break;",
"}",
"}",
"if (row) {",
"var w = window.open(\"\", \"ClassTableRowDetails\");",
"var d = w.document;",
"d.open();",
"d.writeln('<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd\">');",
"d.writeln('<HTML>\\n<HEAD>\\n<TITLE>'+quoteHTML(rowName)+' bloat details<\/TITLE>');",
"d.writeln(styleSheet);",
"d.writeln('<\/HEAD>\\n\\n<BODY>');",
"d.writeln('<H2>'+quoteHTML(rowName)+'<\/H2>');",
"if (row[1] !== undefined)",
"d.writeln('<P>Each instance has '+row[1]+' bytes.<\/P>');",
"d.writeln('<TABLE border=1 cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0>');",
"d.writeln('<TR>\\n<TH><\/TH>\\n<TH colspan='+(nFiles+1)+'>Allocated<\/TH>');",
"d.writeln('<TH colspan='+(nFiles+1)+'>Allocated but not freed<\/TH>\\n<\/TR>');",
"d.writeln('<TR>\\n<TH><\/TH>');",
"for (i = 0; i != 2; i++)",
"for (var j = 0; j <= nFiles; j++)",
"d.writeln('<TH>'+(j == nFiles ? 'Total' : quoteHTML(fileTags[j]))+'<\/TH>');",
"d.writeln('<\/TR>');",
"for (i = 0; i != 3; i++)",
"writeClassTableRow(d, row, 2+i*2, modeNamesUpper[i]+'s');",
"d.writeln('<\/TABLE>\\n<\/BODY>\\n<\/HTML>');",
"d.close();",
"}",
"return undefined;",
"}",
"function stringSource(s) {",
"s = s.replace(/\\\\/g, '\\\\\\\\');",
"s = s.replace(/\"/g, '\\\\\"');",
"s = s.replace(/<\\//g, '<\\\\/');",
"return '\"'+s+'\"';",
"}",
"function reloadSelf(n,m) {",
"var sa = srcArray;",
"var ss = stringSource;",
"var ct = classTables;",
"var i;",
"document.open();",
"document.writeln('<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd\">');",
"document.writeln('<HTML>\\n<HEAD>\\n<SCRIPT type=\"text/javascript\">');",
"if (!ct.length)",
"document.writeln('var classTables = [];');",
"else {",
"document.writeln('var classTables = [');",
"for (i = 0; i < ct.length; i++) {",
"var row = ct[i];",
"document.write('[' + ss(row[0]));",
"for (var j = 1; j < row.length; j++)",
"document.write(',' + row[j]);",
"document.writeln(']' + (i == ct.length-1 ? '];' : ','));",
"}",
"}",
"document.writeln('var srcArray = [');",
"for (i = 0; i < sa.length; i++) {",
"document.write(ss(sa[i]));",
"if (i != sa.length-1)",
"document.writeln(',');",
"}",
"document.writeln('];');",
"document.writeln('eval(srcArray.join(\"\\\\n\"));');",
"document.writeln('showMode = '+m+';');",
"document.writeln('sortColumn = '+n+';');",
"document.writeln('showHead(document);');",
"document.writeln('<\/SCRIPT>\\n<\/HEAD>\\n\\n<BODY>\\n<SCRIPT type=\"text/javascript\">showBody(document);<\/SCRIPT>\\n<\/BODY>\\n<\/HTML>');",
"document.close();",
"return true;",
"}"];

var nFiles = 4;
var fileTags = ['blank', 'mozilla', 'yahoo', 'netscape'];
var fileNames = ['blank.txt', 'mozilla.txt', 'yahoo.txt', 'netscape.txt'];
var fileDates = ['Tue Aug 29 14:17:40 2000', 'Tue Aug 29 14:18:42 2000', 'Tue Aug 29 14:19:32 2000', 'Tue Aug 29 14:20:14 2000'];
var totals = ["TOTAL", undefined, undefined,1754408,478927,52979,748796,46867, undefined,432556,475598,7579,1871220,7561, undefined,179828,386541,4623,2348377,5122, undefined,404184,263126,9660,1652000,7178, undefined,2770976,1604192,74841,6620393,66728];
var showMode;
var modeName;
var modeNameUpper;
var sortColumn;
function sortCompare(x, y) {
if (sortColumn) {
var xc = x[sortColumn];
var yc = y[sortColumn];
if (xc < yc || xc === undefined && yc !== undefined) return 1;
if (yc < xc || yc === undefined && xc !== undefined) return -1;
}
var x0 = x[0];
var y0 = y[0];
if (x0 > y0 || x0 === undefined && y0 !== undefined) return 1;
if (y0 > x0 || y0 === undefined && x0 !== undefined) return -1;
return 0;
}
function quoteHTML(s) {
s = s.replace(/&/g, '&amp;');
s = s.replace(/\x3C/g, '&lt;');
s = s.replace(/>/g, '&gt;');
s = s.replace(/ /g, '&nbsp;');
return s;
}
function writeClassTableRow(d, row, base, modeName) {
if (modeName) {
d.writeln('<TR>\n<TH>'+modeName+'<\/TH>');
} else {
d.writeln('<TR>\n<TD><A href="javascript:showRowDetail(\''+row[0]+'\')">'+quoteHTML(row[0])+'<\/A><\/TD>');
var v = row[1];
d.writeln('<TD class=num>'+(v === undefined ? '' : v)+'<\/TD>');
}
for (var i = 0; i != 2; i++) {
var c = base + i;
for (var j = 0; j <= nFiles; j++) {
v = row[c];
var style = 'num';
if (j != nFiles)
if (v > 0) {
style = 'pos';
v = '+'+v;
} else
style = 'neg';
d.writeln('<TD class='+style+'>'+(v === undefined ? '' : v)+'<\/TD>');
c += 6;
}
}
d.writeln('<\/TR>');
}
var modeNames = ["byte", "object", "reference"];
var modeNamesUpper = ["Byte", "Object", "Reference"];
var styleSheet = '<STYLE type="TEXT/CSS">\n'+
'BODY {background-color: #FFFFFF; color: #000000}\n'+
'.num {text-align: right}\n'+
'.pos {text-align: right; color: #CC0000}\n'+
'.neg {text-align: right; color: #009900}\n'+
'<\/STYLE>';
function showRowDetail(rowName) {
var row;
var i;
if (rowName == "TOTAL")
row = totals;
else {
for (i = 0; i < classTables.length; i++)
if (rowName == classTables[i][0]) {
row = classTables[i];
break;
}
}
if (row) {
var w = window.open("", "ClassTableRowDetails");
var d = w.document;
d.open();
d.writeln('<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">');
d.writeln('<HTML>\n<HEAD>\n<TITLE>'+quoteHTML(rowName)+' bloat details<\/TITLE>');
d.writeln(styleSheet);
d.writeln('<\/HEAD>\n\n<BODY>');
d.writeln('<H2>'+quoteHTML(rowName)+'<\/H2>');
if (row[1] !== undefined)
d.writeln('<P>Each instance has '+row[1]+' bytes.<\/P>');
d.writeln('<TABLE border=1 cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0>');
d.writeln('<TR>\n<TH><\/TH>\n<TH colspan='+(nFiles+1)+'>Allocated<\/TH>');
d.writeln('<TH colspan='+(nFiles+1)+'>Allocated but not freed<\/TH>\n<\/TR>');
d.writeln('<TR>\n<TH><\/TH>');
for (i = 0; i != 2; i++)
for (var j = 0; j <= nFiles; j++)
d.writeln('<TH>'+(j == nFiles ? 'Total' : quoteHTML(fileTags[j]))+'<\/TH>');
d.writeln('<\/TR>');
for (i = 0; i != 3; i++)
writeClassTableRow(d, row, 2+i*2, modeNamesUpper[i]+'s');
d.writeln('<\/TABLE>\n<\/BODY>\n<\/HTML>');
d.close();
}
return undefined;
}
function stringSource(s) {
s = s.replace(/\\/g, '\\\\');
s = s.replace(/"/g, '\\"');
s = s.replace(/<\//g, '<\\/');
return '"'+s+'"';
}
function reloadSelf(n,m) {
var sa = srcArray;
var ss = stringSource;
var ct = classTables;
var i;
var w = window.open("", "BloatTableDemo");
var document = w.document;
document.open();
document.writeln('<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">');
document.writeln('<HTML>\n<HEAD>\n<SCRIPT type="text/javascript">');
if (!ct.length)
document.writeln('var classTables = [];');
else {
document.writeln('var classTables = [');
for (i = 0; i < ct.length; i++) {
var row = ct[i];
document.write('[' + ss(row[0]));
for (var j = 1; j < row.length; j++)
document.write(',' + row[j]);
document.writeln(']' + (i == ct.length-1 ? '];' : ','));
}
}
document.writeln('var srcArray = [');
for (i = 0; i < sa.length; i++) {
document.write(ss(sa[i]));
if (i != sa.length-1)
document.writeln(',');
}
document.writeln('];');
document.writeln('eval(srcArray.join("\\n"));');
document.writeln('showMode = '+m+';');
document.writeln('sortColumn = '+n+';');
document.writeln('showHead(document);');
document.writeln('<\/SCRIPT>\n<\/HEAD>\n\n<BODY>\n<SCRIPT type="text/javascript">showBody(document);<\/SCRIPT>\n<\/BODY>\n<\/HTML>');
document.close();
return undefined;
}

showMode = 0;
sortColumn = 26;
</SCRIPT>
<H2>Byte Bloats</H2>
<TABLE border=1 cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0>
<TR>
<TH>Name</TH>
<TH>File</TH>
<TH>Date</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>blank</TD>
<TD><TT>blank.txt</TT></TD>
<TD>Tue&nbsp;Aug&nbsp;29&nbsp;14:17:40&nbsp;2000</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>mozilla</TD>
<TD><TT>mozilla.txt</TT></TD>
<TD>Tue&nbsp;Aug&nbsp;29&nbsp;14:18:42&nbsp;2000</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>yahoo</TD>
<TD><TT>yahoo.txt</TT></TD>
<TD>Tue&nbsp;Aug&nbsp;29&nbsp;14:19:32&nbsp;2000</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD>netscape</TD>
<TD><TT>netscape.txt</TT></TD>
<TD>Tue&nbsp;Aug&nbsp;29&nbsp;14:20:14&nbsp;2000</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<FORM><INPUT type="button" value="Show Objects" onClick="reloadSelf(28,1)"><INPUT type="button" value="Show References" onClick="reloadSelf(30,2)"></FORM>
<P>The numbers do not include <CODE>malloc</CODE>'d data such as string contents.</P>
<P>Click on a column heading to sort by that column. Click on a class name to see details for that class.</P>
<TABLE border=1 cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0>
<TR>
<TH rowspan=2><A href="javascript:reloadSelf(0,0)">Class Name</A></TH>
<TH rowspan=2><A href="javascript:reloadSelf(1,0)">Instance<BR>Size</A></TH>
<TH colspan=5>Bytes allocated</TH>
<TH colspan=5>Bytes allocated but not freed</TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TH><A href="javascript:reloadSelf(2,0)">blank</A></TH>
<TH><A href="javascript:reloadSelf(8,0)">mozilla</A></TH>
<TH><A href="javascript:reloadSelf(14,0)">yahoo</A></TH>
<TH><A href="javascript:reloadSelf(20,0)">netscape</A></TH>
<TH>Total</TH>
<TH><A href="javascript:reloadSelf(3,0)">blank</A></TH>
<TH><A href="javascript:reloadSelf(9,0)">mozilla</A></TH>
<TH><A href="javascript:reloadSelf(15,0)">yahoo</A></TH>
<TH><A href="javascript:reloadSelf(21,0)">netscape</A></TH>
<TH><A href="javascript:reloadSelf(27,0)">Total</A></TH>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="javascript:showRowDetail('TOTAL')">TOTAL</A></TD>
<TD class=num></TD>
<TD class=neg></TD>
<TD class=neg></TD>
<TD class=neg></TD>
<TD class=neg></TD>
<TD class=num></TD>
<TD class=pos>+1754408</TD>
<TD class=pos>+432556</TD>
<TD class=pos>+179828</TD>
<TD class=pos>+404184</TD>
<TD class=num>2770976</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="javascript:showRowDetail('nsStr')">nsStr</A></TD>
<TD class=num>20</TD>
<TD class=pos>+6261600</TD>
<TD class=pos>+3781900</TD>
<TD class=pos>+1120920</TD>
<TD class=pos>+1791340</TD>
<TD class=num>12955760</TD>
<TD class=pos>+222760</TD>
<TD class=pos>+48760</TD>
<TD class=pos>+13280</TD>
<TD class=pos>+76160</TD>
<TD class=num>360960</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="javascript:showRowDetail('nsHashKey')">nsHashKey</A></TD>
<TD class=num>8</TD>
<TD class=pos>+610568</TD>
<TD class=pos>+1842400</TD>
<TD class=pos>+2457872</TD>
<TD class=pos>+1134592</TD>
<TD class=num>6045432</TD>
<TD class=pos>+32000</TD>
<TD class=pos>+536</TD>
<TD class=pos>+568</TD>
<TD class=pos>+1216</TD>
<TD class=num>34320</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="javascript:showRowDetail('nsTextTransformer')">nsTextTransformer</A></TD>
<TD class=num>548</TD>
<TD class=pos>+8220</TD>
<TD class=pos>+469088</TD>
<TD class=pos>+1414936</TD>
<TD class=pos>+1532756</TD>
<TD class=num>3425000</TD>
<TD class=neg>0</TD>
<TD class=neg>0</TD>
<TD class=neg>0</TD>
<TD class=neg>0</TD>
<TD class=num>0</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="javascript:showRowDetail('nsStyleContextData')">nsStyleContextData</A></TD>
<TD class=num>736</TD>
<TD class=pos>+259808</TD>
<TD class=pos>+325312</TD>
<TD class=pos>+489440</TD>
<TD class=pos>+338560</TD>
<TD class=num>1413120</TD>
<TD class=pos>+141312</TD>
<TD class=pos>+220800</TD>
<TD class=neg>-11040</TD>
<TD class=pos>+94944</TD>
<TD class=num>446016</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="javascript:showRowDetail('nsLineLayout')">nsLineLayout</A></TD>
<TD class=num>1100</TD>
<TD class=pos>+2200</TD>
<TD class=pos>+225500</TD>
<TD class=pos>+402600</TD>
<TD class=pos>+562100</TD>
<TD class=num>1192400</TD>
<TD class=neg>0</TD>
<TD class=neg>0</TD>
<TD class=neg>0</TD>
<TD class=neg>0</TD>
<TD class=num>0</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD><A href="javascript:showRowDetail('nsLocalFile')">nsLocalFile</A></TD>
<TD class=num>424</TD>
<TD class=pos>+558832</TD>
<TD class=pos>+19928</TD>
<TD class=pos>+1696</TD>
<TD class=pos>+1272</TD>
<TD class=num>581728</TD>
<TD class=pos>+72080</TD>
<TD class=pos>+1272</TD>
<TD class=pos>+424</TD>
<TD class=neg>-424</TD>
<TD class=num>73352</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</DIV>

<P>The first set of columns, <B>Bytes allocated</B>, shows the amount of memory allocated for the first log file (<TT>blank.txt</TT>), 
the difference between the first log file and the second (<TT>mozilla.txt</TT>), the difference between the second log file 
and the third (<TT>yahoo.txt</TT>), the difference between the third log file and the fourth (<TT>netscape.txt</TT>), and 
the total amount of memory allocated in the fourth log file. These columns provide an idea of how hard the memory allocator 
has to work, but they do not indicate the size of the working set.</P>

<P>The second set of columns, <B>Bytes allocated but not freed</B>, shows the net memory gain or loss by subtracting the amount 
of memory freed from the amount allocated.</P>

<P>The <B>Show Objects</B> and <B>Show References</B> buttons show the same statistics but counting objects or AddRef'd references 
rather than bytes.</P>

<H3>Comparing Bloat Logs</H3>
You can also compare any two bloat logs (either those produced when the
program shuts down, or written to the bloatlogs directory) by running the
following program:
<BLOCKQUOTE>perl mozilla/tools/tinderbox/bloatdiff.pl &lt;previous-log>
&lt;current-log></BLOCKQUOTE>
This will give you output of the form:
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<PRE>Bloat/Leak Delta Report
Current file:&nbsp; dist/win32_D.OBJ/bin/bloatlogs/all-1999-10-22-133450.txt
Previous file: dist/win32_D.OBJ/bin/bloatlogs/all-1999-10-16-010302.txt
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
CLASS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; LEAKS&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; delta&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; BLOAT&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; delta
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 6113530&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2.79%&nbsp;&nbsp; 67064808&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 9.18%
StyleContextImpl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 265440&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 81.19%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 283584&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -26.99%
CToken&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 236500&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 17.32%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 306676&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 20.64%
nsStr&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 217760&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 14.94%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 5817060&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 7.63%
nsXULAttribute&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 113048&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -70.92%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 113568&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -71.16%
LiteralImpl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 53280&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 26.62%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 75840&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 19.40%
nsXULElement&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 51648&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.00%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 51648&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.00%
nsProfile&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 51224&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.00%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 51224&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.00%
nsFrame&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 47568&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -26.15%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 48096&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; -50.49%
CSSDeclarationImpl&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 42984&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.67%&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 43488&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0.67%</PRE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
This "delta report" shows the leak offenders, sorted from most leaks to
fewest. The delta numbers show the percentage change between runs for the
amount of leaks and amount of bloat (<FONT color="#FF0000">negative numbers
are better!</FONT>). The bloat number is a metric determined by multiplying
the total number of objects allocated of a given class by the class size.
Note that although this isn't necessarily the amount of memory consumed
at any given time, it does give an indication of how much memory we're
consuming. The more memory in general, the worse the performance and footprint.
The percentage 99999.99% will show up indicating an "infinite" amount of
leakage. This happens when something that didn't leak before is now leaking.
<H3>
Bloat Statistics on Tinderbox</H3>
Each build rectangle on Tinderbox will soon be capable of displaying the
total leaks delta and bloat delta percentages from one build to the next.
Horray!
<BR>&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;
<CENTER><TABLE BORDER cols=2 width="100" height="100" >
<TR>
<TD>&nbsp;<U><FONT color="#3366FF">warren</FONT></U></TD>

<TD bgcolor="#00CC00">&nbsp;&nbsp; <U><FONT color="#3333FF">L</FONT></U>
<U><FONT color="#3333FF">C</FONT></U>
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; L:-3&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;B:+21&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE></CENTER>

<P>Hmmm. Warren checked in and the number of leaks went down by 3%. (Yes!)
But the amount of bloat went up by 21%. (Ouch!) This probably should be
investigated further. Sometimes bloat can go up because new features were
added that just take up more memory (or if the set of test URLs were changed,
and the activity is different from last time), but in general we'd like
to see both of these numbers continue to go down. You can look at the end
of the log (by clicking on the L) to see the bloat statistics and delta
report for a breakdown of what actually happened.
<BR>
<HR width="100%">
<H2>
<A name="Boehm"></A>2. Boehm GC Leak Detector</H2>
more...
<BR>
<HR width="100%">
<H2>
<A name="RefcountTracing"></A>3. Refcount Tracing</H2>
Refcount tracing is used to capture stack traces of AddRef and Release
calls to use with the Refcount Balancer. It is best to set the XPCOM_MEM_REFCNT_LOG
environment variable to point to a file when using it.
<P>See <A href="http://www.mozilla.org/performance/refcnt-balancer.html">Refcount
Balancer</A> for more information.
<P>
<HR width="100%">
<H2>
<A name="Leaky"></A>4. Leaky</H2>

<H3>
Using this stuff with leaky</H3>
First, setup these environment variables:
<BLOCKQUOTE>setenv LD_PRELOAD ../lib/libleaky.so (assumes you execute apprunner/viewer
in the dist/bin directory)
<BR>setenv LIBMALLOC_LOG 8 (tells leaky to log addref/release calls)
<BR>setenv XPCOM_MEM_LEAKY_LOG 1 (use leaky)
<BR>setenv XPCOM_MEM_LOG_CLASSES "a,b,c" (the list of types you care about)</BLOCKQUOTE>
Then run the viewer or the apprunner and run your test. Then exit it. The
result will be some large file in your current directory called "malloc-log"
and a small file called "malloc-map". If these aren't there then somethings
wrong.
<P>If it works properly, then you now have the tracing data for the problem
you are chasing in malloc-log. Use leaky to convert it to human readable
form and debug away:
<BLOCKQUOTE>leaky -dRq &lt;viewer|apprunner> malloc-log > /tmp/log</BLOCKQUOTE>
Leaky used to require c++filt, but now it does it itself. With the -R option,
leaky will only log the refcnts that actually leaked (those that didn't
go to zero).
<H3>
Leaky environment variables</H3>

<BLOCKQUOTE>LD_PRELOAD
<BLOCKQUOTE>Set this to the pathname to libleaky.so if you are using leaky
to track memory operations.</BLOCKQUOTE>
LIBMALLOC_LOG
<BLOCKQUOTE>Set this to "8" to enable leaky to track addref/release calls
that are logged by xpcom. Note that you must set bit 8 in xpcomrefcnt to
connect xpcom's tracing to leakys tracing.</BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>

<H3>
Sample output</H3>
Here is what you see when you enable some logging with XPCOM_MEM_LOG_CLASSES
set to something:
<PRE>nsWebShell      0x81189f8       Release 5
nsWebShell::Release(void)+0x59
nsCOMPtr&lt;nsIContentViewerContainer>::~nsCOMPtr(void)+0x34
nsChannelListener::OnStartRequest(nsIChannel *, nsISupports *)+0x550
nsFileChannel::OnStartRequest(nsIChannel *, nsISupports *)+0x7b
nsOnStartRequestEvent::HandleEvent(void)+0x46
nsStreamListenerEvent::HandlePLEvent(PLEvent *)+0x62
PL_HandleEvent+0x57
PL_ProcessPendingEvents+0x90
nsEventQueueImpl::ProcessPendingEvents(void)+0x1d
nsAppShell::SetDispatchListener(nsDispatchListener *)+0x3e
gdk_get_show_events+0xbb
g_io_add_watch+0xaa
g_get_current_time+0x136
g_get_current_time+0x6f1
g_main_run+0x81
gtk_main+0xb9
nsAppShell::Run(void)+0x245
nsAppShell::Run(void)+0xc7a92ede
nsAppShell::Run(void)+0xc7a9317c
__libc_start_main+0xeb</PRE>
<P>Here is what you see when you use the leaky tool to dump out addref/release
leaks:
<P>addref&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 082cccc8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 0 00000001
--> CViewSourceHTML::AddRef(void) CViewSourceHTML::QueryInterface(nsID
&amp;, void **) NS_NewViewSourceHTML(nsIDTD **) .LM708 GetSharedObjects(void)
nsParser::RegisterDTD(nsIDTD *) RDFXMLDataSourceImpl::Refresh(int) nsChromeRegistry::InitRegistry(void)
nsChromeProtocolHandler::NewChannel(char *, nsIURI *, nsILoadGroup *, nsIEventSinkGetter
*, nsIChannel **) nsIOService::NewChannelFromURI(char *, nsIURI *, nsILoadGroup
*, nsIEventSinkGetter *, nsIChannel **) NS_OpenURI(nsIChannel **, nsIURI
*, nsILoadGroup *, nsIEventSinkGetter *) NS_OpenURI(nsIInputStream **,
nsIURI *) CSSLoaderImpl::LoadSheet(URLKey &amp;, SheetLoadData *) CSSLoaderImpl::LoadChildSheet(nsICSSStyleSheet
*, nsIURI *, nsString &amp;, int, int) CSSParserImpl::ProcessImport(int
&amp;, nsString &amp;, nsString &amp;) CSSParserImpl::ParseImportRule(int
&amp;) CSSParserImpl::ParseAtRule(int &amp;) CSSParserImpl::Parse(nsIUnicharInputStream
*, nsIURI *, nsICSSStyleSheet *&amp;) CSSLoaderImpl::ParseSheet(nsIUnicharInputStream
*, SheetLoadData *, int &amp;, nsICSSStyleSheet *&amp;) CSSLoaderImpl::LoadAgentSheet(nsIURI
*, nsICSSStyleSheet *&amp;, int &amp;, void (*)(nsICSSStyleSheet *, void
*), void *) nsLayoutModule::Initialize(void) nsLayoutModule::GetClassObject(nsIComponentManager
*, nsID &amp;, nsID &amp;, void **) nsNativeComponentLoader::GetFactoryFromModule(nsDll
*, nsID &amp;, nsIFactory **) nsNativeComponentLoader::GetFactory(nsID
&amp;, char *, char *, nsIFactory **) .LM1381 nsComponentManagerImpl::FindFactory(nsID
&amp;, nsIFactory **) nsComponentManagerImpl::CreateInstance(nsID &amp;,
nsISupports *, nsID &amp;, void **) nsComponentManager::CreateInstance(nsID
&amp;, nsISupports *, nsID &amp;, void **) RDFXMLDataSourceImpl::Refresh(int)
nsChromeRegistry::InitRegistry(void) nsChromeProtocolHandler::NewChannel(char
*, nsIURI *, nsILoadGroup *, nsIEventSinkGetter *, nsIChannel **) nsIOService::NewChannelFromURI(char
*, nsIURI *, nsILoadGroup *, nsIEventSinkGetter *, nsIChannel **) NS_OpenURI(nsIChannel
**, nsIURI *, nsILoadGroup *, nsIEventSinkGetter *) nsDocumentBindInfo::Bind(nsIURI
*, nsILoadGroup *, nsIInputStream *, unsigned short *) nsDocLoaderImpl::LoadDocument(nsIURI
*, char *, nsIContentViewerContainer *, nsIInputStream *, nsISupports *,
unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned short *) nsWebShell::DoLoadURL(nsIURI
*, char *, nsIInputStream *, unsigned int, unsigned int, unsigned short
*) nsWebShell::LoadURI(nsIURI *, char *, nsIInputStream *, int, unsigned
int, unsigned int, nsISupports *, unsigned short *) nsWebShell::LoadURL(unsigned
short *, char *, nsIInputStream *, int, unsigned int, unsigned int, nsISupports
*, unsigned short *) nsWebShell::LoadURL(unsigned short *, nsIInputStream
*, int, unsigned int, unsigned int, nsISupports *, unsigned short *) nsWebShellWindow::Initialize(nsIWebShellWindow
*, nsIAppShell *, nsIURI *, int, int, nsIXULWindowCallbacks *, int, int,
nsWidgetInitData &amp;) nsAppShellService::JustCreateTopWindow(nsIWebShellWindow
*, nsIURI *, int, int, unsigned int, nsIXULWindowCallbacks *, int, int,
nsIWebShellWindow **) nsAppShellService::CreateTopLevelWindow(nsIWebShellWindow
*, nsIURI *, int, int, unsigned int, nsIXULWindowCallbacks *, int, int,
nsIWebShellWindow **) OpenChromURL(char *, int, int) HandleBrowserStartup(nsICmdLineService
*, nsIPref *, int) DoCommandLines(nsICmdLineService *, int) main1(int,
char **) main __libc_start_main
<P>
<HR width="100%">
<H2>
<A name="Purify"></A>5. Purify</H2>
more...
<BR>
<HR width="100%">
<H2>
How to build xpcom with refcnt/memory logging</H2>
Built into xpcom is the ability to support the debugging of memory leaks.
By default, an optimized build of xpcom has this disabled. Also by default,
the debug builds have the logging facilities enabled. You can control either
of these options by changing environment variables before you build mozilla:
<BLOCKQUOTE>FORCE_BUILD_REFCNT_LOGGING</BLOCKQUOTE>

<BLOCKQUOTE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>If this is defined then regardless of the type of build, refcnt
logging (and related memory debugging) will be enabled in the build.</BLOCKQUOTE>
NO_BUILD_REFCNT_LOGGING
<BLOCKQUOTE>If this is defined then regardless of the type of build or
of the setting of the FORCE_BUILD_REFCNT_LOGGING, no refcnt logging will
be enabled and no memory debugging will be enabled. This variable overrides
FORCE_BUILD_REFCNT_LOGGING.</BLOCKQUOTE>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
The remaining discussion assumes that one way or another that xpcom has
been built with refcnt/memory logging enabled.
<H2>
<A name="Instrumenting"></A>How to instrument your objects for refcnt/memory
logging</H2>
First, if your object is an xpcom object and you use the NS_IMPL_ADDREF
and NS_IMPL_RELEASE (or a variation thereof) macro to implement your AddRef
and Release methods, then there is nothing you need do. By default, those
macros support refcnt logging directly.
<P>If your object is not an xpcom object then some manual editing is in
order. The following sample code shows what must be done:
<BLOCKQUOTE><B><TT>MOZ_DECL_CTOR_COUNTER(MyType);</TT></B>
<P><B><TT>MyType::MyType()</TT></B>
<BR><B><TT>{</TT></B>
<BR><B><TT>&nbsp; MOZ_COUNT_CTOR(MyType);</TT></B>
<BR><B><TT>}</TT></B>
<P><B><TT>MyType::~MyType()</TT></B>
<BR><B><TT>{</TT></B>
<BR><B><TT>&nbsp; MOZ_COUNT_DTOR(MyType);</TT></B>
<BR><B><TT>}</TT></B></BLOCKQUOTE>
Now currently the MOZ_DECL_CTOR_COUNTER expands to nothing so your code
will compile if you forget to add it; however, we reserve the right to
change that so please put it in.
<H2>
What are those macros doing for me anyway?</H2>

<P><BR><B><TT>NS_IMPL_ADDREF</TT></B> has this additional line in it:
<BLOCKQUOTE><B><TT>NS_LOG_ADDREF(this, mRefCnt, #_class, sizeof(*this));</TT></B></BLOCKQUOTE>
What this is doing is logging the addref call using xpcom's nsTraceRefcnt
class. The implementation of that macro is:
<BR>&nbsp;
<BLOCKQUOTE><B><TT>#define NS_LOG_ADDREF(_p, _rc, _type, _size) \</TT></B>
<BR><B><TT>&nbsp; nsTraceRefcnt::LogAddRef((_p), (_rc), (_type), (PRUint32)
(_size))</TT></B></BLOCKQUOTE>
Which as you can see just passes the buck to nsTraceRefcnt. nsTraceRefcnt
implements the logging support and will track addref/release/ctor/dtor
calls in a database that it builds up as the program is executing. In a
similar manner, NS_IMPL_RELEASE uses NS_LOG_RELEASE which uses nsTraceRefcnt::LogRelease.
<P>For the MOZ_DECL_CTOR_COUNTER, MOZ_COUNT_CTOR and MOZ_COUNT_DTOR macros
the expansion boils down to calls to nsTraceRefcnt::LogCtor and nsTraceRefcnt::LogDtor
calls. Again, the type of the object is passed in as well as the sizeof
of all the data type.
<BLOCKQUOTE><B><TT>#define MOZ_COUNT_CTOR(_type)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
\</TT></B>
<BR><B><TT>PR_BEGIN_MACRO&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
\</TT></B>
<BR><B><TT>&nbsp; nsTraceRefcnt::LogCtor((void*)this, #_type, sizeof(*this));
\</TT></B>
<BR><B><TT>PR_END_MACRO</TT></B>
<P><B><TT>#define MOZ_COUNT_DTOR(_type)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
\</TT></B>
<BR><B><TT>PR_BEGIN_MACRO&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
\</TT></B>
<BR><B><TT>&nbsp; nsTraceRefcnt::LogDtor((void*)this, #_type, sizeof(*this));
\</TT></B>
<BR><B><TT>PR_END_MACRO</TT></B></BLOCKQUOTE>

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