/* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
/* vim:set ts=2 sw=2 sts=2 et cindent: */
/* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
#if !defined(AudioStream_h_)
#define AudioStream_h_

#include "AudioSampleFormat.h"
#include "nsAutoPtr.h"
#include "nsCOMPtr.h"
#include "nsThreadUtils.h"
#include "mozilla/dom/AudioChannelBinding.h"
#include "mozilla/Monitor.h"
#include "mozilla/RefPtr.h"
#include "mozilla/TimeStamp.h"
#include "mozilla/UniquePtr.h"
#include "CubebUtils.h"
#include "soundtouch/SoundTouchFactory.h"

namespace mozilla {

struct CubebDestroyPolicy
{
  void operator()(cubeb_stream* aStream) const {
    cubeb_stream_destroy(aStream);
  }
};

class AudioStream;
class FrameHistory;
class AudioConfig;
class AudioConverter;

class AudioClock
{
public:
  explicit AudioClock(AudioStream* aStream);
  // Initialize the clock with the current AudioStream. Need to be called
  // before querying the clock. Called on the audio thread.
  void Init();
  // Update the number of samples that has been written in the audio backend.
  // Called on the state machine thread.
  void UpdateFrameHistory(uint32_t aServiced, uint32_t aUnderrun);
  // Get the read position of the stream, in microseconds.
  // Called on the state machine thead.
  // Assumes the AudioStream lock is held and thus calls Unlocked versions
  // of AudioStream funcs.
  int64_t GetPositionUnlocked() const;
  // Get the read position of the stream, in frames.
  // Called on the state machine thead.
  int64_t GetPositionInFrames() const;
  // Set the playback rate.
  // Called on the audio thread.
  // Assumes the AudioStream lock is held and thus calls Unlocked versions
  // of AudioStream funcs.
  void SetPlaybackRateUnlocked(double aPlaybackRate);
  // Get the current playback rate.
  // Called on the audio thread.
  double GetPlaybackRate() const;
  // Set if we are preserving the pitch.
  // Called on the audio thread.
  void SetPreservesPitch(bool aPreservesPitch);
  // Get the current pitch preservation state.
  // Called on the audio thread.
  bool GetPreservesPitch() const;
private:
  // This AudioStream holds a strong reference to this AudioClock. This
  // pointer is garanteed to always be valid.
  AudioStream* const mAudioStream;
  // Output rate in Hz (characteristic of the playback rate)
  uint32_t mOutRate;
  // Input rate in Hz (characteristic of the media being played)
  uint32_t mInRate;
  // True if the we are timestretching, false if we are resampling.
  bool mPreservesPitch;
  // The history of frames sent to the audio engine in each DataCallback.
  const nsAutoPtr<FrameHistory> mFrameHistory;
};

class CircularByteBuffer
{
public:
  CircularByteBuffer()
    : mBuffer(nullptr), mCapacity(0), mStart(0), mCount(0)
  {}

  // Set the capacity of the buffer in bytes.  Must be called before any
  // call to append or pop elements.
  void SetCapacity(uint32_t aCapacity) {
    MOZ_ASSERT(!mBuffer, "Buffer allocated.");
    mCapacity = aCapacity;
    mBuffer = MakeUnique<uint8_t[]>(mCapacity);
  }

  uint32_t Length() {
    return mCount;
  }

  uint32_t Capacity() {
    return mCapacity;
  }

  uint32_t Available() {
    return Capacity() - Length();
  }

  // Append aLength bytes from aSrc to the buffer.  Caller must check that
  // sufficient space is available.
  void AppendElements(const uint8_t* aSrc, uint32_t aLength) {
    MOZ_ASSERT(mBuffer && mCapacity, "Buffer not initialized.");
    MOZ_ASSERT(aLength <= Available(), "Buffer full.");

    uint32_t end = (mStart + mCount) % mCapacity;

    uint32_t toCopy = std::min(mCapacity - end, aLength);
    memcpy(&mBuffer[end], aSrc, toCopy);
    memcpy(&mBuffer[0], aSrc + toCopy, aLength - toCopy);
    mCount += aLength;
  }

  // Remove aSize bytes from the buffer.  Caller must check returned size in
  // aSize{1,2} before using the pointer returned in aData{1,2}.  Caller
  // must not specify an aSize larger than Length().
  void PopElements(uint32_t aSize, void** aData1, uint32_t* aSize1,
                   void** aData2, uint32_t* aSize2) {
    MOZ_ASSERT(mBuffer && mCapacity, "Buffer not initialized.");
    MOZ_ASSERT(aSize <= Length(), "Request too large.");

    *aData1 = &mBuffer[mStart];
    *aSize1 = std::min(mCapacity - mStart, aSize);
    *aData2 = &mBuffer[0];
    *aSize2 = aSize - *aSize1;
    mCount -= *aSize1 + *aSize2;
    mStart += *aSize1 + *aSize2;
    mStart %= mCapacity;
  }

  size_t SizeOfExcludingThis(MallocSizeOf aMallocSizeOf) const
  {
    size_t amount = 0;
    amount += aMallocSizeOf(mBuffer.get());
    return amount;
  }

private:
  UniquePtr<uint8_t[]> mBuffer;
  uint32_t mCapacity;
  uint32_t mStart;
  uint32_t mCount;
};

/*
 * A bookkeeping class to track the read/write position of an audio buffer.
 */
class AudioBufferCursor {
public:
  AudioBufferCursor(AudioDataValue* aPtr, uint32_t aChannels, uint32_t aFrames)
    : mPtr(aPtr), mChannels(aChannels), mFrames(aFrames) {}

  // Advance the cursor to account for frames that are consumed.
  uint32_t Advance(uint32_t aFrames) {
    MOZ_ASSERT(mFrames >= aFrames);
    mFrames -= aFrames;
    mPtr += mChannels * aFrames;
    return aFrames;
  }

  // The number of frames available for read/write in this buffer.
  uint32_t Available() const { return mFrames; }

  // Return a pointer where read/write should begin.
  AudioDataValue* Ptr() const { return mPtr; }

protected:
  AudioDataValue* mPtr;
  const uint32_t mChannels;
  uint32_t mFrames;
};

/*
 * A helper class to encapsulate pointer arithmetic and provide means to modify
 * the underlying audio buffer.
 */
class AudioBufferWriter : private AudioBufferCursor {
public:
  AudioBufferWriter(AudioDataValue* aPtr, uint32_t aChannels, uint32_t aFrames)
    : AudioBufferCursor(aPtr, aChannels, aFrames) {}

  uint32_t WriteZeros(uint32_t aFrames) {
    memset(mPtr, 0, sizeof(AudioDataValue) * mChannels * aFrames);
    return Advance(aFrames);
  }

  uint32_t Write(const AudioDataValue* aPtr, uint32_t aFrames) {
    memcpy(mPtr, aPtr, sizeof(AudioDataValue) * mChannels * aFrames);
    return Advance(aFrames);
  }

  // Provide a write fuction to update the audio buffer with the following
  // signature: uint32_t(const AudioDataValue* aPtr, uint32_t aFrames)
  // aPtr: Pointer to the audio buffer.
  // aFrames: The number of frames available in the buffer.
  // return: The number of frames actually written by the function.
  template <typename Function>
  uint32_t Write(const Function& aFunction, uint32_t aFrames) {
    return Advance(aFunction(mPtr, aFrames));
  }

  using AudioBufferCursor::Available;
};

// Access to a single instance of this class must be synchronized by
// callers, or made from a single thread.  One exception is that access to
// GetPosition, GetPositionInFrames, SetVolume, and Get{Rate,Channels},
// SetMicrophoneActive is thread-safe without external synchronization.
class AudioStream final
{
  virtual ~AudioStream();

public:
  NS_INLINE_DECL_THREADSAFE_REFCOUNTING(AudioStream)

  class Chunk {
  public:
    // Return a pointer to the audio data.
    virtual const AudioDataValue* Data() const = 0;
    // Return the number of frames in this chunk.
    virtual uint32_t Frames() const = 0;
    // Return the number of audio channels.
    virtual uint32_t Channels() const = 0;
    // Return the sample rate of this chunk.
    virtual uint32_t Rate() const = 0;
    // Return a writable pointer for downmixing.
    virtual AudioDataValue* GetWritable() const = 0;
    virtual ~Chunk() {}
  };

  class DataSource {
  public:
    // Return a chunk which contains at most aFrames frames or zero if no
    // frames in the source at all.
    virtual UniquePtr<Chunk> PopFrames(uint32_t aFrames) = 0;
    // Return true if no more data will be added to the source.
    virtual bool Ended() const = 0;
    // Notify that all data is drained by the AudioStream.
    virtual void Drained() = 0;
  protected:
    virtual ~DataSource() {}
  };

  explicit AudioStream(DataSource& aSource);

  // Initialize the audio stream. aNumChannels is the number of audio
  // channels (1 for mono, 2 for stereo, etc) and aRate is the sample rate
  // (22050Hz, 44100Hz, etc).
  nsresult Init(uint32_t aNumChannels, uint32_t aRate,
                const dom::AudioChannel aAudioStreamChannel);

  // Closes the stream. All future use of the stream is an error.
  void Shutdown();

  void Reset();

  // Set the current volume of the audio playback. This is a value from
  // 0 (meaning muted) to 1 (meaning full volume).  Thread-safe.
  void SetVolume(double aVolume);

  // Start the stream.
  void Start();

  // Pause audio playback.
  void Pause();

  // Resume audio playback.
  void Resume();

  // Return the position in microseconds of the audio frame being played by
  // the audio hardware, compensated for playback rate change. Thread-safe.
  int64_t GetPosition();

  // Return the position, measured in audio frames played since the stream
  // was opened, of the audio hardware.  Thread-safe.
  int64_t GetPositionInFrames();

  // Returns true when the audio stream is paused.
  bool IsPaused();

  static uint32_t GetPreferredRate()
  {
    CubebUtils::InitPreferredSampleRate();
    return CubebUtils::PreferredSampleRate();
  }
  uint32_t GetRate() { return mOutRate; }
  uint32_t GetChannels() { return mChannels; }
  uint32_t GetOutChannels() { return mOutChannels; }

  // Set playback rate as a multiple of the intrinsic playback rate. This is to
  // be called only with aPlaybackRate > 0.0.
  nsresult SetPlaybackRate(double aPlaybackRate);
  // Switch between resampling (if false) and time stretching (if true, default).
  nsresult SetPreservesPitch(bool aPreservesPitch);

  size_t SizeOfIncludingThis(MallocSizeOf aMallocSizeOf) const;

protected:
  friend class AudioClock;

  // Return the position, measured in audio frames played since the stream was
  // opened, of the audio hardware, not adjusted for the changes of playback
  // rate or underrun frames.
  // Caller must own the monitor.
  int64_t GetPositionInFramesUnlocked();

private:
  nsresult OpenCubeb(cubeb_stream_params &aParams);

  static long DataCallback_S(cubeb_stream*, void* aThis,
                             const void* /* aInputBuffer */, void* aOutputBuffer,
                             long aFrames)
  {
    return static_cast<AudioStream*>(aThis)->DataCallback(aOutputBuffer, aFrames);
  }

  static void StateCallback_S(cubeb_stream*, void* aThis, cubeb_state aState)
  {
    static_cast<AudioStream*>(aThis)->StateCallback(aState);
  }


  long DataCallback(void* aBuffer, long aFrames);
  void StateCallback(cubeb_state aState);

  nsresult EnsureTimeStretcherInitializedUnlocked();

  // Return true if audio frames are valid (correct sampling rate and valid
  // channel count) otherwise false.
  bool IsValidAudioFormat(Chunk* aChunk);

  void GetUnprocessed(AudioBufferWriter& aWriter);
  void GetTimeStretched(AudioBufferWriter& aWriter);

  void StartUnlocked();

  // The monitor is held to protect all access to member variables.
  Monitor mMonitor;

  // Input rate in Hz (characteristic of the media being played)
  uint32_t mInRate;
  // Output rate in Hz (characteristic of the playback rate)
  uint32_t mOutRate;
  uint32_t mChannels;
  uint32_t mOutChannels;
  AudioClock mAudioClock;
  soundtouch::SoundTouch* mTimeStretcher;

  // Stream start time for stream open delay telemetry.
  TimeStamp mStartTime;

  // Output file for dumping audio
  FILE* mDumpFile;

  // Owning reference to a cubeb_stream.
  UniquePtr<cubeb_stream, CubebDestroyPolicy> mCubebStream;

  enum StreamState {
    INITIALIZED, // Initialized, playback has not begun.
    STARTED,     // cubeb started, but callbacks haven't started
    RUNNING,     // DataCallbacks have started after STARTED, or after Resume().
    STOPPED,     // Stopped by a call to Pause().
    DRAINED,     // StateCallback has indicated that the drain is complete.
    ERRORED,     // Stream disabled due to an internal error.
    SHUTDOWN     // Shutdown has been called
  };

  StreamState mState;
  bool mIsFirst;

  DataSource& mDataSource;
};

} // namespace mozilla

#endif