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360 строки
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Plaintext
360 строки
13 KiB
Plaintext
Name
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ANGLE_instanced_arrays
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Name Strings
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GL_ANGLE_instanced_arrays
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Contributors
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Contributors to ARB_instanced_arrays
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Nicolas Capens, TransGaming Inc.
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James Helferty, TransGaming Inc.
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Kenneth Russell, Google Inc.
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Vangelis Kokkevis, Google Inc.
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Contact
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Daniel Koch, TransGaming Inc. (daniel 'at' transgaming.com)
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Status
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Implemented in ANGLE r976.
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Version
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Last Modified Date: February 8, 2012
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Author Revision: 3
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Number
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OpenGL ES Extension #109
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Dependencies
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OpenGL ES 2.0 is required.
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This extension is written against the OpenGL ES 2.0 Specification.
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Overview
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A common use case in GL for some applications is to be able to
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draw the same object, or groups of similar objects that share
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vertex data, primitive count and type, multiple times. This
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extension provides a means of accelerating such use cases while
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restricting the number of API calls, and keeping the amount of
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duplicate data to a minimum.
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This extension introduces an array "divisor" for generic
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vertex array attributes, which when non-zero specifies that the
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attribute is "instanced." An instanced attribute does not
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advance per-vertex as usual, but rather after every <divisor>
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conceptual draw calls.
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(Attributes which aren't instanced are repeated in their entirety
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for every conceptual draw call.)
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By specifying transform data in an instanced attribute or series
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of instanced attributes, vertex shaders can, in concert with the
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instancing draw calls, draw multiple instances of an object with
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one draw call.
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IP Status
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No known IP claims.
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New Tokens
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Accepted by the <pname> parameters of GetVertexAttribfv and
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GetVertexAttribiv:
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VERTEX_ATTRIB_ARRAY_DIVISOR_ANGLE 0x88FE
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New Procedures and Functions
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void DrawArraysInstancedANGLE(enum mode, int first, sizei count,
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sizei primcount);
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void DrawElementsInstancedANGLE(enum mode, sizei count, enum type,
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const void *indices, sizei primcount);
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void VertexAttribDivisorANGLE(uint index, uint divisor);
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Additions to Chapter 2 of the OpenGL ES 2.0 Specification
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(OpenGL ES Operation)
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Modify section 2.8 (Vertex Arrays), p. 21
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After description of EnableVertexAttribArray / DisableVertexAttribArray
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add the following:
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"The command
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void VertexAttribDivisorANGLE(uint index, uint divisor);
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modifies the rate at which generic vertex attributes advance when
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rendering multiple instances of primitives in a single draw call
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(see DrawArraysInstancedANGLE and DrawElementsInstancedANGLE below).
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If <divisor> is zero, the attribute at slot <index> advances once
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per vertex. If <divisor> is non-zero, the attribute advances once
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per <divisor> instances of the primitives being rendered.
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An attribute is referred to as "instanced" if its <divisor> value is
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non-zero."
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Replace the text describing DrawArrays and DrawElements in the
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"Transferring Array Elements" subsection of 2.8, from the second paragraph
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through the end of the section with the following:
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"The command
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void DrawArraysOneInstance( enum mode, int first, sizei count, int instance );
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does not exist in the GL, but is used to describe functionality in
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the rest of this section. This function constructs a sequence of
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geometric primitives by transferring elements <first> through <first> +
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<count> - 1 of each enabled non-instanced array to the GL. <mode>
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specifies what kind of primitives are constructed, as defined in section
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2.6.1.
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If an enabled vertex attribute array is instanced (it has a non-zero
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attribute <divisor> as specified by VertexAttribDivisorANGLE), the element
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that is transferred to the GL is given by:
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floor( <instance> / <divisor> ).
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If an array corresponding to a generic attribute required by a vertex shader
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is not enabled, then the corresponding element is taken from the current
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generic attribute state (see section 2.7).
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If an array corresponding to a generic attribute required by a vertex shader
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is enabled, the corresponding current generic attribute value is unaffected
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by the execution of DrawArraysOneInstance.
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Specifying <first> < 0 results in undefined behavior. Generating the error
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INVALID_VALUE is recommended in this case.
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The command
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void DrawArrays( enum mode, int first, sizei count );
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is equivalent to the command sequence
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DrawArraysOneInstance(mode, first, count, 0);
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The command
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void DrawArraysInstancedANGLE(enum mode, int first, sizei count,
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sizei primcount);
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behaves identically to DrawArrays except that <primcount>
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instances of the range of elements are executed, and the
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<instance> advances for each iteration. Instanced attributes that
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have <divisor> N, (where N > 0, as specified by
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VertexAttribDivisorANGLE) advance once every N instances.
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It has the same effect as:
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if (mode, count, or primcount is invalid)
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generate appropriate error
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else {
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for (i = 0; i < primcount; i++) {
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DrawArraysOneInstance(mode, first, count, i);
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}
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}
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The command
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void DrawElementsOneInstance( enum mode, sizei count, enum type,
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void *indices, int instance );
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does not exist in the GL, but is used to describe functionality in
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the rest of this section. This command constructs a sequence of
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geometric primitives by successively transferring the <count> elements
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whose indices are stored in the currently bound element array buffer
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(see section 2.9.2) at the offset defined by <indices> to the GL.
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The <i>-th element transferred by DrawElementsOneInstance will be taken
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from element <indices>[i] of each enabled non-instanced array.
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<type> must be one of UNSIGNED_BYTE, UNSIGNED_SHORT, or UNSIGNED_INT,
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indicating that the index values are of GL type ubyte, ushort, or uint
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respectively. <mode> specifies what kind of primitives are constructed,
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as defined in section 2.6.1.
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If an enabled vertex attribute array is instanced (it has a non-zero
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attribute <divisor> as specified by VertexAttribDivisorANGLE), the element
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that is transferred to the GL is given by:
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floor( <instance> / <divisor> );
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If an array corresponding to a generic attribute required by a vertex
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shader is not enabled, then the corresponding element is taken from the
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current generic attribute state (see section 2.7). Otherwise, if an array
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is enabled, the corresponding current generic attribute value is
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unaffected by the execution of DrawElementsOneInstance.
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The command
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void DrawElements( enum mode, sizei count, enum type,
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const void *indices);
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behaves identically to DrawElementsOneInstance with the <instance>
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parameter set to zero; the effect of calling
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DrawElements(mode, count, type, indices);
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is equivalent to the command sequence:
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if (mode, count or type is invalid )
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generate appropriate error
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else
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DrawElementsOneInstance(mode, count, type, indices, 0);
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The command
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void DrawElementsInstancedANGLE(enum mode, sizei count, enum type,
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const void *indices, sizei primcount);
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behaves identically to DrawElements except that <primcount>
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instances of the set of elements are executed and the instance
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advances between each set. Instanced attributes are advanced as they do
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during the execution of DrawArraysInstancedANGLE. It has the same effect as:
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if (mode, count, primcount, or type is invalid )
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generate appropriate error
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else {
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for (int i = 0; i < primcount; i++) {
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DrawElementsOneInstance(mode, count, type, indices, i);
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}
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}
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If the number of supported generic vertex attributes (the value of
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MAX_VERTEX_ATTRIBS) is <n>, then the client state required to implement
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vertex arrays consists of <n> boolean values, <n> memory pointers, <n>
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integer stride values, <n> symbolic constants representing array types,
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<n> integers representing values per element, <n> boolean values
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indicating normalization, and <n> integers representing vertex attribute
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divisors.
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In the initial state, the boolean values are each false, the memory
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pointers are each NULL, the strides are each zero, the array types are
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each FLOAT, the integers representing values per element are each four,
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and the divisors are each zero."
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Additions to Chapter 3 of the OpenGL ES 2.0 Specification (Rasterization)
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None
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Additions to Chapter 4 of the OpenGL ES 2.0 Specification (Per-Fragment
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Operations and the Framebuffer)
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None
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Additions to Chapter 5 of the OpenGL ES 2.0 Specification (Special Functions)
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None
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Additions to Chapter 6 of the OpenGL ES 2.0 Specification (State and State
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Requests)
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In section 6.1.8, add VERTEX_ATTRIB_ARRAY_DIVISOR_ANGLE to the list of
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pnames accepted by GetVertexAttribfv and GetVertexAttribiv.
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Additions to the AGL/EGL/GLX/WGL Specifications
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None
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Dependencies on OES_element_index_uint
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If OES_element_index_uint is not supported, removed all references
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to UNSIGNED_INT indices and the associated GL data type uint in
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the description of DrawElementsOneInstance.
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Errors
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INVALID_VALUE is generated by VertexAttribDivisorANGLE if <index>
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is greater than or equal to MAX_VERTEX_ATTRIBS.
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INVALID_ENUM is generated by DrawElementsInstancedANGLE if <type> is
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not one of UNSIGNED_BYTE, UNSIGNED_SHORT or UNSIGNED_INT.
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INVALID_VALUE is generated by DrawArraysInstancedANGLE if <first>,
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<count>, or <primcount> is less than zero.
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INVALID_ENUM is generated by DrawArraysInstancedANGLE or
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DrawElementsInstancedANGLE if <mode> is not one of the modes described in
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section 2.6.1.
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INVALID_VALUE is generated by DrawElementsInstancedANGLE if <count> or
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<primcount> is less than zero.
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INVALID_OPERATION is generated by DrawArraysInstancedANGLE or
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DrawElementsInstancedANGLE if there is not at least one enabled
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vertex attribute array that has a <divisor> of zero and is bound to an
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active generic attribute value in the program used for the draw command.
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New State
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Changes to table 6.7, p. 268 (Vertex Array Data)
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Initial
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Get Value Type Get Command Value Description Sec.
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--------- ----- ----------- ------- ----------- ----
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VERTEX_ATTRIB_ARRAY_DIVISOR_ANGLE 8*xZ+ GetVertexAttrib 0 Instance Divisor 2.8
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Issues
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1) Should vertex attribute zero be instance-able?
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Resolved: Yes.
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Discussion: In Direct3D 9 stream 0 must be specified as indexed data
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and it cannot be instanced. In ANGLE we can work around this by
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remapping any other stream that does have indexed data (ie a zero
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attribute divisor) to stream 0 in D3D9. This works because the HLSL
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vertex shader matches attributes against the stream by using the
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shader semantic index.
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2) Can all vertex attributes be instanced simultaneously?
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Resolved: No
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Discussion: In rare cases it is possible for no attribute to have a
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divisor of 0, meaning that all attributes are instanced and none of
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them are regularly indexed. This in turn means each instance can only
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have a single position element, and so it only actually renders
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something when rendering point primitives. This is not a very
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meaningful way of using instancing (which is likely why D3D restricts
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stream 0 to be indexed regularly for position data in the first place).
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We could implement it by drawing these points one at a time (essentially
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emulating instancing), but it would not be very efficient and there
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seems to be little-to-no value in doing so.
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If all of the enabled vertex attribute arrays that are bound to active
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generic attributes in the program have a non-zero divisor, the draw
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call should return INVALID_OPERATION.
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3) Direct3D 9 only supports instancing for DrawIndexedPrimitive which
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corresponds to DrawElementsInstanced. Should we support
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DrawArraysInstanced?
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Resolved: Yes
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Discussion: This can be supported easily enough by simply manufacturing
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a linear index buffer of sufficient size and using that to do indexed
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D3D9 drawing.
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4) How much data is needed in a buffer for an instanced attribute?
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Resolved: Where stride is the value passed to VertexAttribPointer:
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if stride > 0
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size = stride * ceil(primcount / divisor);
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else
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size = elementsize * ceil(primcount / divisor);
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Revision History
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#3 February 8, 2012 dgkoch
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- clarify Issue 3 and the error condition for no indexed attributes
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#2 January 24, 2012 dgkoch
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- fix typos, add clarifications, and more errors
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#1 January 17, 2012 dgkoch
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- initial GLES2 version from ARB_instanced_arrays
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