sccache is a [ccache](https://ccache.dev/)-like compiler caching tool. It is used as a compiler wrapper and avoids compilation when possible, storing cached results either on [local disk](#local) or in one of [several cloud storage backends](#storage-options).
sccache includes support for caching the compilation of C/C++ code, [Rust](docs/Rust.md), as well as NVIDIA's CUDA using [nvcc](https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-compiler-driver-nvcc/index.html).
sccache also provides [icecream](https://github.com/icecc/icecream)-style distributed compilation (automatic packaging of local toolchains) for all supported compilers (including Rust). The distributed compilation system includes several security features that icecream lacks such as authentication, transport layer encryption, and sandboxed compiler execution on build servers. See [the distributed quickstart](docs/DistributedQuickstart.md) guide for more information.
There are prebuilt x86-64 binaries available for Windows, Linux (a portable binary compiled against musl), and macOS [on the releases page](https://github.com/mozilla/sccache/releases/latest). Several package managers also include sccache packages, you can install the latest release from source using cargo, or build directly from a source checkout.
### macOS
On macOS sccache can be installed via [Homebrew](https://brew.sh/):
```bash
brew install sccache
```
### Windows
On Windows, sccache can be installed via [scoop](https://scoop.sh/):
```
scoop install sccache
```
### Via cargo
If you have a Rust toolchain installed you can install sccache using cargo. **Note that this will compile sccache from source which is fairly resource-intensive. For CI purposes you should use prebuilt binary packages.**
```bash
cargo install sccache
```
---
Usage
-----
Running sccache is like running ccache: prefix your compilation commands with it, like so:
```bash
sccache gcc -o foo.o -c foo.c
```
If you want to use sccache for caching Rust builds you can define `build.rustc-wrapper` in the
[cargo configuration file](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/config.html). For example, you can set it globally
in `$HOME/.cargo/config` by adding:
```toml
[build]
rustc-wrapper = "/path/to/sccache"
```
Note that you need to use cargo 1.40 or newer for this to work.
Alternatively you can use the environment variable `RUSTC_WRAPPER`:
sccache works using a client-server model, where the server runs locally on the same machine as the client. The client-server model allows the server to be more efficient by keeping some state in memory. The sccache command will spawn a server process if one is not already running, or you can run `sccache --start-server` to start the background server process without performing any compilation.
sccache is a [Rust](https://www.rust-lang.org/) program. Building it requires `cargo` (and thus `rustc`). sccache currently requires **Rust 1.41.1**. We recommend you install Rust via [Rustup](https://rustup.rs/).
By default, `sccache` supports a local disk cache and S3. Use the `--features` flag to build `sccache` with support for other storage options. Refer the [Cargo Documentation](http://doc.crates.io/manifest.html#the-features-section) for details on how to select features with Cargo.
When building with the `gcs` feature, `sccache` will depend on OpenSSL, which can be an annoyance if you want to distribute portable binaries. It is possible to statically link against OpenSSL using the steps below before building with `cargo`.
#### Linux
You will need to download and build OpenSSL with `-fPIC` in order to statically link against it.
On Windows it is fairly straightforward to just ship the required `libcrypto` and `libssl` DLLs with `sccache.exe`, but the binary might also depend on a few MSVC CRT DLLs that are not available on older Windows versions.
In order to statically link against both the CRT and OpenSSL, you will need to either build OpenSSL static libraries (with a statically linked CRT) yourself or get a pre-built distribution that provides these.
Then you can set environment variables which get picked up by the `openssl-sys` crate.
See the following example for using pre-built libraries from [Shining Light Productions](https://slproweb.com/products/Win32OpenSSL.html), assuming an installation in `C:\OpenSSL-Win64`:
```
set OPENSSL_LIB_DIR=C:\OpenSSL-Win64\lib\VC\static
sccache defaults to using local disk storage. You can set the `SCCACHE_DIR` environment variable to change the disk cache location. By default it will use a sensible location for the current platform: `~/.cache/sccache` on Linux, `%LOCALAPPDATA%\Mozilla\sccache` on Windows, and `~/Library/Caches/Mozilla.sccache` on MacOS.
The default cache size is 10 gigabytes. To change this, set `SCCACHE_CACHE_SIZE`, for example `SCCACHE_CACHE_SIZE="1G"`.
If you want to use S3 storage for the sccache cache, you need to set the `SCCACHE_BUCKET` environment variable to the name of the S3 bucket to use.
You can use `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID` and `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY` to set the S3 credentials. Alternately, you can set `AWS_IAM_CREDENTIALS_URL` to a URL that returns credentials in the format supported by the [EC2 metadata service](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/iam-roles-for-amazon-ec2.html#instance-metadata-security-credentials), and credentials will be fetched from that location as needed. In the absence of either of these options, credentials for the instance's IAM role will be fetched from the EC2 metadata service directly.
If you need to override the default endpoint you can set `SCCACHE_ENDPOINT`. To connect to a minio storage for example you can set `SCCACHE_ENDPOINT=<ip>:<port>`. If your endpoint requires TLS, set `SCCACHE_S3_USE_SSL=true`.
You can also define a prefix that will be prepended to the keys of all cache objects created and read within the S3 bucket, effectively creating a scope. To do that use the `SCCACHE_S3_KEY_PREFIX` environment variable. This can be useful when sharing a bucket with another application.
Set `SCCACHE_REDIS` to a [Redis](https://redis.io/) url in format `redis://[:<passwd>@]<hostname>[:port][/<db>]` to store the cache in a Redis instance. Redis can be configured as a LRU (least recently used) cache with a fixed maximum cache size. Set `maxmemory` and `maxmemory-policy` according to the [Redis documentation](https://redis.io/topics/lru-cache). The `allkeys-lru` policy which discards the *least recently accessed or modified* key fits well for the sccache use case.
Set `SCCACHE_MEMCACHED` to a [Memcached](https://memcached.org/) url in format `tcp://<hostname>:<port> ...` to store the cache in a Memcached instance.
To use [Google Cloud Storage](https://cloud.google.com/storage/), you need to set the `SCCACHE_GCS_BUCKET` environment variable to the name of the GCS bucket.
If you're using authentication, either set `SCCACHE_GCS_KEY_PATH` to the location of your JSON service account credentials or `SCCACHE_GCS_CREDENTIALS_URL` with
To use Azure Blob Storage, you'll need your Azure connection string and an _existing_ Blob Storage container name. Set the `SCCACHE_AZURE_CONNECTION_STRING`
environment variable to your connection string, and `SCCACHE_AZURE_BLOB_CONTAINER` to the name of the container to use. Note that sccache will not create
the container for you - you'll need to do that yourself.
You can run the server manually in foreground mode by running `SCCACHE_START_SERVER=1 SCCACHE_NO_DAEMON=1 sccache`, and send logging to stderr by setting the `RUST_LOG` environment variable, the format of which is described in more detail in the [env_logger](https://docs.rs/env_logger/0.5.3/env_logger/#enabling-logging) documentation.
Alternately, you can set the `SCCACHE_ERROR_LOG` environment variable to a path and set `RUST_LOG` to get the server process to redirect its logging there (including the output of unhandled panics, since the server sets `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` internally).
sccache provides support for a [GNU make jobserver](https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/html_node/Job-Slots.html). When the server is started from a process that provides a jobserver, sccache will use that jobserver and provide it to any processes it spawns. (If you are running sccache from a GNU make recipe, you will need to prefix the command with `+` to get this behavior.) If the sccache server is started without a jobserver present it will create its own with the number of slots equal to the number of available CPU cores.
This is most useful when using sccache for Rust compilation, as rustc supports using a jobserver for parallel codegen, so this ensures that rustc will not overwhelm the system with codegen tasks. Cargo implements its own jobserver ([see the information on `NUM_JOBS` in the cargo documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/cargo/reference/environment-variables.html#environment-variables-cargo-sets-for-build-scripts)) for rustc to use, so using sccache for Rust compilation in cargo via `RUSTC_WRAPPER` should do the right thing automatically.
