diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 0f95b4c79..ee2cd4640 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ massif-*
 # CMake generates *.dir/ folders for in-tree builds (used by MSVC projects), ignore all of those:
 *.dir/
 
+# Microsoft CMake extension for Visual Studio Code generates a build directory by default
+/build/
+
 # Visual Studio artifacts
 /visualc/VS2010/.localhistory/
 /visualc/VS2010/.vs/
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 4d17af826..c84194c63 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ option(ENABLE_ZLIB_SUPPORT "Build mbed TLS with zlib library." OFF)
 option(ENABLE_PROGRAMS "Build mbed TLS programs." ON)
 
 option(UNSAFE_BUILD "Allow unsafe builds. These builds ARE NOT SECURE." OFF)
+option(MBEDTLS_FATAL_WARNINGS "Compiler warnings treated as errors" ON)
 
 string(REGEX MATCH "Clang" CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_CLANG "${CMAKE_C_COMPILER_ID}")
 string(REGEX MATCH "GNU" CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNU "${CMAKE_C_COMPILER_ID}")
@@ -140,9 +141,9 @@ if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNU)
     set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE     "-O2")
     set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG       "-O0 -g3")
     set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_COVERAGE    "-O0 -g3 --coverage")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASAN        "-Werror -fsanitize=address -fno-common -fsanitize=undefined -fno-sanitize-recover=all -O3")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASANDBG     "-Werror -fsanitize=address -fno-common -fsanitize=undefined -fno-sanitize-recover=all -O1 -g3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-optimize-sibling-calls")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_CHECK       "-Werror -Os")
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASAN        "-fsanitize=address -fno-common -fsanitize=undefined -fno-sanitize-recover=all -O3")
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASANDBG     "-fsanitize=address -fno-common -fsanitize=undefined -fno-sanitize-recover=all -O1 -g3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-optimize-sibling-calls")
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_CHECK       "-Os")
     set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_CHECKFULL   "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_CHECK} -Wcast-qual")
 endif(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNU)
 
@@ -151,11 +152,11 @@ if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_CLANG)
     set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_RELEASE     "-O2")
     set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG       "-O0 -g3")
     set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_COVERAGE    "-O0 -g3 --coverage")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASAN        "-Werror -fsanitize=address -fno-common -fsanitize=undefined -fno-sanitize-recover=all -O3")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASANDBG     "-Werror -fsanitize=address -fno-common -fsanitize=undefined -fno-sanitize-recover=all -O1 -g3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-optimize-sibling-calls")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_MEMSAN      "-Werror -fsanitize=memory -O3")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_MEMSANDBG   "-Werror -fsanitize=memory -O1 -g3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-optimize-sibling-calls -fsanitize-memory-track-origins=2")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_CHECK       "-Werror -Os")
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASAN        "-fsanitize=address -fno-common -fsanitize=undefined -fno-sanitize-recover=all -O3")
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASANDBG     "-fsanitize=address -fno-common -fsanitize=undefined -fno-sanitize-recover=all -O1 -g3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-optimize-sibling-calls")
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_MEMSAN      "-fsanitize=memory -O3")
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_MEMSANDBG   "-fsanitize=memory -O1 -g3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-optimize-sibling-calls -fsanitize-memory-track-origins=2")
+    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_CHECK       "-Os")
 endif(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_CLANG)
 
 if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_IAR)
@@ -163,11 +164,25 @@ if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_IAR)
 endif(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_IAR)
 
 if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_MSVC)
-    # Strictest warnings, and treat as errors
+    # Strictest warnings
     set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} /W3")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} /WX")
 endif(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_MSVC)
 
+if(MBEDTLS_FATAL_WARNINGS)
+    if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_MSVC)
+        set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} /WX")
+    endif(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_MSVC)
+
+    if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_CLANG OR CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNU)
+        set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Werror")
+        if(UNSAFE_BUILD)
+            set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-error=cpp")
+            set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASAN "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASAN} -Wno-error=cpp")
+            set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASANDBG "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASANDBG} -Wno-error=cpp")
+        endif(UNSAFE_BUILD)
+    endif(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_CLANG OR CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNU)
+endif(MBEDTLS_FATAL_WARNINGS)
+
 if(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE STREQUAL "Coverage")
     if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNU OR CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_CLANG)
         set(CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS "--coverage")
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index f868a0a80..2058d24d6 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -85,11 +85,11 @@ In order to build the source using CMake in a separate directory (recommended),
 
     mkdir /path/to/build_dir && cd /path/to/build_dir
     cmake /path/to/mbedtls_source
-    make
+    cmake --build .
 
 In order to run the tests, enter:
 
-    make test
+    ctest
 
 The test suites need Python to be built and Perl to be executed. If you don't have one of these installed, you'll want to disable the test suites with:
 
diff --git a/library/CMakeLists.txt b/library/CMakeLists.txt
index fd98fa50e..f6a186fae 100644
--- a/library/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/library/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -113,12 +113,6 @@ if(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_CLANG)
     set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wdocumentation -Wno-documentation-deprecated-sync -Wunreachable-code")
 endif(CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_CLANG)
 
-if(UNSAFE_BUILD)
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -Wno-error")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASAN "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASAN} -Wno-error")
-    set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASANDBG "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS_ASANDBG} -Wno-error")
-endif(UNSAFE_BUILD)
-
 if(WIN32)
     set(libs ${libs} ws2_32)
 endif(WIN32)