230 строки
9.1 KiB
Plaintext
230 строки
9.1 KiB
Plaintext
Copyright 1994, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software
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Foundation, Inc.
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This file is free documentation; the Free Software Foundation gives
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unlimited permission to copy, distribute and modify it.
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Basic Installation
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==================
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These are generic installation instructions. First you need to run
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`./autogen.sh', that creates `configure' script.
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The `configure' shell script attempts to guess correct values for
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various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses
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those values to create a `Makefile' in each directory of the package.
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It may also create one or more `.h' files containing system-dependent
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definitions. Finally, it creates a shell script `config.status' that
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you can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, and a
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file `config.log' containing compiler output (useful mainly for
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debugging `configure').
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It can also use an optional file (typically called `config.cache'
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and enabled with `--cache-file=config.cache' or simply `-C') that saves
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the results of its tests to speed up reconfiguring. (Caching is
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disabled by default to prevent problems with accidental use of stale
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cache files.)
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If you need to do unusual things to compile the package, please try
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to figure out how `configure' could check whether to do them, and mail
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diffs or instructions to the address given in the `README' so they can
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be considered for the next release. If you are using the cache, and at
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some point `config.cache' contains results you don't want to keep, you
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may remove or edit it.
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The file `configure.ac' (or `configure.in') is used to create
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`configure' by a program called `autoconf'. You only need
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`configure.ac' if you want to change it or regenerate `configure' using
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a newer version of `autoconf'.
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The simplest way to compile this package is:
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1. `cd' to the directory containing the package's source code and type
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`./configure' to configure the package for your system. If you're
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using `csh' on an old version of System V, you might need to type
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`sh ./configure' instead to prevent `csh' from trying to execute
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`configure' itself.
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Running `configure' takes a while. While running, it prints some
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messages telling which features it is checking for.
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2. Type `make' to compile the package.
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3. Optionally, type `make check' to run any self-tests that come with
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the package.
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4. Type `make install' to install the programs and any data files and
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documentation.
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5. You can remove the program binaries and object files from the
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source code directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the
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files that `configure' created (so you can compile the package for
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a different kind of computer), type `make distclean'. There is
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also a `make maintainer-clean' target, but that is intended mainly
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for the package's developers. If you use it, you may have to get
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all sorts of other programs in order to regenerate files that came
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with the distribution.
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Compilers and Options
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=====================
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Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that
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the `configure' script does not know about. Run `./configure --help'
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for details on some of the pertinent environment variables.
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You can give `configure' initial values for configuration parameters
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by setting variables in the command line or in the environment. Here
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is an example:
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./configure CC=c89 CFLAGS=-O2 LIBS=-lposix
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*Note Defining Variables::, for more details.
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Compiling For Multiple Architectures
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====================================
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You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the
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same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their
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own directory. To do this, you must use a version of `make' that
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supports the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. `cd' to the
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directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run
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the `configure' script. `configure' automatically checks for the
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source code in the directory that `configure' is in and in `..'.
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If you have to use a `make' that does not support the `VPATH'
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variable, you have to compile the package for one architecture at a
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time in the source code directory. After you have installed the
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package for one architecture, use `make distclean' before reconfiguring
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for another architecture.
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Installation Names
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==================
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By default, `make install' will install the package's files in
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`/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/man', etc. You can specify an
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installation prefix other than `/usr/local' by giving `configure' the
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option `--prefix=PATH'.
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You can specify separate installation prefixes for
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architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files. If you
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give `configure' the option `--exec-prefix=PATH', the package will use
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PATH as the prefix for installing programs and libraries.
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Documentation and other data files will still use the regular prefix.
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In addition, if you use an unusual directory layout you can give
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options like `--bindir=PATH' to specify different values for particular
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kinds of files. Run `configure --help' for a list of the directories
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you can set and what kinds of files go in them.
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If the package supports it, you can cause programs to be installed
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with an extra prefix or suffix on their names by giving `configure' the
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option `--program-prefix=PREFIX' or `--program-suffix=SUFFIX'.
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Optional Features
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=================
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Some packages pay attention to `--enable-FEATURE' options to
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`configure', where FEATURE indicates an optional part of the package.
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They may also pay attention to `--with-PACKAGE' options, where PACKAGE
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is something like `gnu-as' or `x' (for the X Window System). The
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`README' should mention any `--enable-' and `--with-' options that the
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package recognizes.
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For packages that use the X Window System, `configure' can usually
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find the X include and library files automatically, but if it doesn't,
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you can use the `configure' options `--x-includes=DIR' and
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`--x-libraries=DIR' to specify their locations.
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Specifying the System Type
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==========================
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There may be some features `configure' cannot figure out
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automatically, but needs to determine by the type of machine the package
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will run on. Usually, assuming the package is built to be run on the
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_same_ architectures, `configure' can figure that out, but if it prints
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a message saying it cannot guess the machine type, give it the
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`--build=TYPE' option. TYPE can either be a short name for the system
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type, such as `sun4', or a canonical name which has the form:
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CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM
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where SYSTEM can have one of these forms:
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OS KERNEL-OS
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See the file `config.sub' for the possible values of each field. If
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`config.sub' isn't included in this package, then this package doesn't
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need to know the machine type.
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If you are _building_ compiler tools for cross-compiling, you should
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use the `--target=TYPE' option to select the type of system they will
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produce code for.
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If you want to _use_ a cross compiler, that generates code for a
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platform different from the build platform, you should specify the
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"host" platform (i.e., that on which the generated programs will
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eventually be run) with `--host=TYPE'.
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Sharing Defaults
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================
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If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share,
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you can create a site shell script called `config.site' that gives
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default values for variables like `CC', `cache_file', and `prefix'.
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`configure' looks for `PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, then
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`PREFIX/etc/config.site' if it exists. Or, you can set the
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`CONFIG_SITE' environment variable to the location of the site script.
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A warning: not all `configure' scripts look for a site script.
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Defining Variables
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==================
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Variables not defined in a site shell script can be set in the
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environment passed to `configure'. However, some packages may run
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configure again during the build, and the customized values of these
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variables may be lost. In order to avoid this problem, you should set
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them in the `configure' command line, using `VAR=value'. For example:
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./configure CC=/usr/local2/bin/gcc
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will cause the specified gcc to be used as the C compiler (unless it is
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overridden in the site shell script).
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`configure' Invocation
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======================
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`configure' recognizes the following options to control how it
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operates.
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`--help'
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`-h'
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Print a summary of the options to `configure', and exit.
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`--version'
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`-V'
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Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the `configure'
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script, and exit.
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`--cache-file=FILE'
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Enable the cache: use and save the results of the tests in FILE,
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traditionally `config.cache'. FILE defaults to `/dev/null' to
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disable caching.
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`--config-cache'
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`-C'
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Alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'.
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`--quiet'
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`--silent'
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`-q'
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Do not print messages saying which checks are being made. To
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suppress all normal output, redirect it to `/dev/null' (any error
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messages will still be shown).
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`--srcdir=DIR'
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Look for the package's source code in directory DIR. Usually
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`configure' can determine that directory automatically.
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`configure' also accepts some other, not widely useful, options. Run
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`configure --help' for more details.
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