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NEWS for Ruby 3.3.0

This document is a list of user-visible feature changes since the 3.2.0 release, except for bug fixes.

Note that each entry is kept to a minimum, see links for details.

Language changes

Command line options

A new performance warning category was introduced. They are not displayed by default even in verbose mode. Turn them on with -W:performance or Warning[:performance] = true. [Feature #19538]
The RUBY_GC_HEAP_INIT_SLOTS environment variable has been deprecated and removed. Environment variables RUBY_GC_HEAP_%d_INIT_SLOTS should be used instead. [Feature #19785]

Core classes updates

Note: We're only listing outstanding class updates.

Array
- Array#pack now raises ArgumentError for unknown directives. [Bug #19150]
Dir
- Dir.for_fd added for returning a Dir object for the directory specified by the provided directory file descriptor. [Feature #19347]
- Dir.fchdir added for changing the directory to the directory specified by the provided directory file descriptor. [Feature #19347]
- Dir#chdir added for changing the directory to the directory specified by the provided Dir object. [Feature #19347]
MatchData
- MatchData#named_captures now accepts optional symbolize_names keyword. [Feature #19591]
Module
- Module#set_temporary_name added for setting a temporary name for a module. [Feature #19521]
ObjectSpace::WeakKeyMap
- New core class to build collections with weak references. The class use equality semantic to lookup keys like a regular hash, but it doesn't hold strong references on the keys. [Feature #18498]
Process.warmup
- Notify the Ruby virtual machine that the boot sequence is finished, and that now is a good time to optimize the application. This is useful for long running applications. The actual optimizations performed are entirely implementation specific and may change in the future without notice. [Feature #18885]
Process::Status
- Process::Status#& and Process::Status#>> are deprecated. [Bug #19868]
Refinement
- Add Refinement#target as an alternative of Refinement#refined_class. Refinement#refined_class is deprecated and will be removed in Ruby 3.4. [Feature #19714]
String
- String#unpack now raises ArgumentError for unknown directives. [Bug #19150]
- String#bytesplice now accepts new arguments index/length or range of the source string to be copied. [Feature #19314]

Stdlib updates

RubyGems and Bundler warn if users require gem that is scheduled to become the bundled gems in the future version of Ruby. [Feature #19351] [Feature #19776] [Feature #19843]
Socket#recv and Socket#recv_nonblock returns nil instead of an empty string on closed connections. Socket#recvmsg and Socket#recvmsg_nonblock returns nil instead of an empty packet on closed connections. [Bug #19012]
Random::Formatter#alphanumeric is extended to accept optional chars keyword argument. [Feature #18183]

The following default gems are updated.

RubyGems 3.5.0.dev
bigdecimal 3.1.5
bundler 2.5.0.dev
csv 3.2.8
erb 4.0.3
fiddle 1.1.2
fileutils 1.7.1
irb 1.8.1
nkf 0.1.3
openssl 3.2.0
optparse 0.4.0.pre.1
prism 0.13.0
psych 5.1.1
reline 0.3.9
stringio 3.0.9
strscan 3.0.7
syntax_suggest 1.1.0
time 0.2.2
timeout 0.4.0
uri 0.12.2

The following bundled gems are updated.

minitest 5.20.0
test-unit 3.6.1
rexml 3.2.6
rss 0.3.0
net-imap 0.4.1
net-smtp 0.4.0
rbs 3.2.2
typeprof 0.21.8
debug 1.8.0

The following default gem is now bundled.

racc 1.7.1

See GitHub releases like Logger or changelog for details of the default gems or bundled gems.

Supported platforms

Compatibility issues

Stdlib compatibility issues

racc is promoted bundled gems.
- You need to add racc to your Gemfile if you use racc under bundler environment.
ext/readline is retired
- We have reline that is pure Ruby implementation compatible with ext/readline API. We rely on reline in the future. If you need to use ext/readline, you can install ext/readline via rubygems.org with gem install readline-ext.
- We no longer need to install libraries like libreadline or libedit.

C API updates

Implementation improvements

defined?(@ivar) is optimized with Object Shapes.

YJIT

Major performance improvements over 3.2
- Support for splat and rest arguments has been improved.
- Registers are allocated for stack operations of the virtual machine.
- More calls with optional arguments are compiled.
- Exception handlers are also compiled.
- Instance variables no longer exit to the interpreter with megamorphic Object Shapes.
- Unsupported call types no longer exit to the interpreter.
- Integer#!=, String#!=, Kernel#block_given?, Kernel#is_a?, Kernel#instance_of?, Module#=== are specially optimized.
- Now more than 3x faster than the interpreter on optcarrot!
Metadata for compiled code uses a lot less memory.
Generate more compact code on ARM64
Option to start YJIT in paused mode and then later enable it manually
- --yjit-pause and RubyVM::YJIT.resume
- This can be used to enable YJIT only once your application is done booting
ratio_in_yjit stat produced by --yjit-stats is now avaiable in release builds, a special stats or dev build is no longer required.
Exit tracing option now supports sampling
- --trace-exits-sample-rate=N
--yjit-stats=quiet is added to avoid printing stats on exit.
The default value for --yjit-exec-mem-size is changed from 64 to 128.
More thorough testing and multiple bug fixes

MJIT

MJIT is removed.
- --disable-jit-support is removed. Consider using --disable-yjit --disable-rjit instead.

RJIT

Introduced a pure-Ruby JIT compiler RJIT.
- RJIT supports only x86_64 architecture on Unix platforms.
- Unlike MJIT, it doesn't require a C compiler at runtime.
RJIT exists only for experimental purposes.
- You should keep using YJIT in production.

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