commit 554d284ba9 added _GPF_NORETRY
to floppy_64.h to prevent OOM killer on floppy DMA allocations.
Apply the same to the 32 bit variant.
Found during the attempt to unify the _32/_64 variants. Seperate commit
to document the resulting code change.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Same file, except for whitespace, comment formatting and the two variants
of fb_is_primary_device()
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Same file, except for whitespace, comment formatting and:
32-bit: unsigned long *virt_addr = va;
64-bit: unsigned int *virt_addr = va;
Both can be safely replaced by:
u32 i, *virt_addr = va;
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Same file, except for whitespace, comment formatting and the extra
function prototype usc_tsc_delay() in _32.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Same file, except for whitespace, comment formatting and the extra
defines in _64, which are conditional on VSMP anyway.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Same file, except for whitespace, comment formatting and the extra
DEBUG_PAGE_ALLOC function in _32.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Same file, except for whitespace, comment formatting and the
usage of wbinvd() instead of asm volatile("wbinvd":::"memory"), which is
the same.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Merge errno.h, resource.h, rtc.h, sections.h, serial.h and sockios.h,
where i386 and x86_64 have no or only trivial comment/include guard
differences.
Build tested on both 32-bit and 64-bit, and booted on 64-bit.
[tglx: fixup Kbuild as well]
Signed-off-by: Roland Dreier <roland@digitalvampire.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Merge 32/64-bit headers that simply redirect to asm-generic
[tglx: fixup Kbuild as well]
Signed-off-by: Brian Gerst <bgerst@didntduck.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
convert mm_context_t semaphore to a mutex.
Signed-off-by: Luiz Fernando N. Capitulino <lcapitulino@mandriva.com.br>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Add support for and use the multi-byte NOPs recently documented to be
available on all PentiumPro and later processors.
This patch only applies cleanly on top of the "x86: misc.
constifications" patch sent earlier.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
arch/x86/kernel/alternative.c | 23 ++++++++++++++++++++++-
include/asm-x86/processor_32.h | 22 ++++++++++++++++++++++
include/asm-x86/processor_64.h | 22 ++++++++++++++++++++++
3 files changed, 66 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
Add missing IRQs and IRQ descriptions to /proc/interrupts.
/proc/interrupts is most useful when it displays every IRQ vector in use by
the system, not just those somebody thought would be interesting.
This patch inserts the following vector displays to the i386 and x86_64
platforms, as appropriate:
rescheduling interrupts
TLB flush interrupts
function call interrupts
thermal event interrupts
threshold interrupts
spurious interrupts
A threshold interrupt occurs when ECC memory correction is occuring at too
high a frequency. Thresholds are used by the ECC hardware as occasional
ECC failures are part of normal operation, but long sequences of ECC
failures usually indicate a memory chip that is about to fail.
Thermal event interrupts occur when a temperature threshold has been
exceeded for some CPU chip. IIRC, a thermal interrupt is also generated
when the temperature drops back to a normal level.
A spurious interrupt is an interrupt that was raised then lowered by the
device before it could be fully processed by the APIC. Hence the apic sees
the interrupt but does not know what device it came from. For this case
the APIC hardware will assume a vector of 0xff.
Rescheduling, call, and TLB flush interrupts are sent from one CPU to
another per the needs of the OS. Typically, their statistics would be used
to discover if an interrupt flood of the given type has been occuring.
AK: merged v2 and v4 which had some more tweaks
AK: replace Local interrupts with Local timer interrupts
AK: Fixed description of interrupt types.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
[ mingo: small cleanup ]
Signed-off-by: Joe Korty <joe.korty@ccur.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Tim Hockin <thockin@hockin.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The additional struct member of user_desc can be made conditional for
64 bit compiles.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Aside of the register defines the content can be shared.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
- Fix this:
include/asm/io.h: In function `memcpy_fromio':
include/asm/io.h:208: warning: passing argument 2 of `__memcpy' discards qualifiers from pointer target type
- Clean up code a bit
Reported-by: Uwe Bugla <uwe.bugla@gmx.de>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
"extern inline" will have different semantics with gcc 4.3.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Andrey Panin <pazke@donpac.ru>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
sys_iopl is long gone and there is no reason to declare
sys_rt_sigaction here.
Remove it all together and fix the whitespace mess as well.
It's worth the trouble: 25897 -> 21337 bytes, the win is
larger than the memory of my first computer :)
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
These build warnings:
In file included from include/asm/thread_info.h:16,
from include/linux/thread_info.h:21,
from include/linux/preempt.h:9,
from include/linux/spinlock.h:49,
from include/linux/vmalloc.h:4,
from arch/i386/boot/compressed/misc.c:14:
include/asm/processor.h: In function cpuid_count
include/asm/processor.h:615: warning: pointer targets in passing argument 1 of native_cpuid differ in signedness
include/asm/processor.h:615: warning: pointer targets in passing argument 2 of native_cpuid differ in signedness
include/asm/processor.h:615: warning: pointer targets in passing argument 3 of native_cpuid differ in signedness
include/asm/processor.h:615: warning: pointer targets in passing argument 4 of native_cpuid differ in signedness
come because the arguments have been specified as pointers to (signed) int
types, not unsigned. So let's specify those as unsigned. Do some codingstyle
here and there while at it.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Satyam Sharma <satyam@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
.i is an ending used for preprocessed stuff.
This patch therefore renames assembler include files to .h and guards
the contents with an #ifdef __ASSEMBLY__.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
It is not good taste to have macros with additions that do not have
parenthesises around them. This patch parethesizes the IRQ vector
macros for x86_64 arch.
Note, this caused me a bit of heart-ache debugging lguest64.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The return type of __scanbit() doesn't match the return type of
find_{first,next}_bit(). Thus when you construct something like
this:
boolean ? __scanbit() : find_first_bit()
you get an unsigned long result if "boolean" is true, and a signed
long result if "boolean" is false.
In file included from /home/cel/src/linux/include/linux/mmzone.h:15,
from /home/cel/src/linux/include/linux/gfp.h:4,
from /home/cel/src/linux/include/linux/slab.h:14,
from /home/cel/src/linux/include/linux/percpu.h:5,
from
/home/cel/src/linux/include/linux/rcupdate.h:41,
from /home/cel/src/linux/include/linux/dcache.h:10,
from /home/cel/src/linux/include/linux/fs.h:275,
from /home/cel/src/linux/fs/nfs/sysctl.c:9:
/home/cel/src/linux/include/linux/nodemask.h: In function
â__first_nodeâ:
/home/cel/src/linux/include/linux/nodemask.h:229: warning: signed and
unsigned type in conditional expression
/home/cel/src/linux/include/linux/nodemask.h: In function
â__next_nodeâ:
/home/cel/src/linux/include/linux/nodemask.h:235: warning: signed and
unsigned type in conditional expression
/home/cel/src/linux/include/linux/nodemask.h: In function
â__first_unset_nodeâ:
/home/cel/src/linux/include/linux/nodemask.h:253: warning: signed and
unsigned type in conditional expression
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
This patch removes the __STR() and STR() macros from x86_64 header files.
They seem to be legacy, and has no more users. Even if there were users,
they should use __stringify() instead.
In fact, there were one third place in which this macro was defined
(ia32_binfmt.c), and used just below. In this file, usage was properly
converted to __stringify()
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Glauber de Oliveira Costa <gcosta@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Remove the x86_cpu_to_log_apicid array. It is set in
arch/x86_64/kernel/genapic_flat.c:flat_init_apic_ldr() and
arch/x86_64/kernel/smpboot.c:do_boot_cpu() but it is never
referenced.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The constraints in the inline assembler implementation of i386
strrchr() were incorrect and break the build with recent gcc 4.3.
Since there are only very few callers of strrchr() and none of them
are performance relevant just remove the assembler implementation
and use the C fallback instead.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Cc: rguenther@suse.de
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The volatile keyword has already been removed from the declaration of atomic_t
on x86_64. For consistency, remove it from atomic64_t as well.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Chris Snook <csnook@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
CC: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
As long as there's no write access to this variable there's no reason to
let gcc check it at runtime.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Create an inline function for clflush(), with the proper arguments,
and use it instead of hard-coding the instruction.
This also removes one instance of hard-coded wbinvd, based on a patch
by Bauder de Oliveira Costa.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Glauber de Oliveira Costa <gcosta@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
.. as they're never written to.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The i386 irqstat per cpu conversion left an bogus export of the old
irqstat array in the header file. Remove it.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
- It was redundant with sync_core()
- It was unused
- It was broken: no input arguments to cpuid; could fault randomly
depending on eax contents.
Now it's gone.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
This brings x86_64 into line with all other architectures by only defining
cond_syscall() when __KERNEL__ is defined.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Some gcc versions (I checked at least 4.1.1 from RHEL5 & 4.1.2 from gentoo)
can generate incorrect code with read_crX()/write_crX() functions mix up,
due to cached results of read_crX().
The small app for x8664 below compiled with -O2 demonstrates this
(i686 does the same thing):
Fix get_apic_id() in mach-default, so that it uses 8 bits incase of
xAPIC case and 4 bits for legacy APIC case.
This fixes the i386 kernel assumption that apic id is less than 16 for
xAPIC platforms with 8 cpus or less and makes the kernel boot on such
platforms.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Suresh Siddha <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
This patch export i386 smp_call_function_mask() with EXPORT_SYMBOL().
This function is needed by KVM to call a function on a set of CPUs.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Laurent Vivier <Laurent.Vivier@bull.net>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Use the correct #define in the declaration of apicid_to_node[], to
match the definition.
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
* 'xen-upstream' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jeremy/xen:
xfs: eagerly remove vmap mappings to avoid upsetting Xen
xen: add some debug output for failed multicalls
xen: fix incorrect vcpu_register_vcpu_info hypercall argument
xen: ask the hypervisor how much space it needs reserved
xen: lock pte pages while pinning/unpinning
xen: deal with stale cr3 values when unpinning pagetables
xen: add batch completion callbacks
xen: yield to IPI target if necessary
Clean up duplicate includes in arch/i386/xen/
remove dead code in pgtable_cache_init
paravirt: clean up lazy mode handling
paravirt: refactor struct paravirt_ops into smaller pv_*_ops
* 'master' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hpa/linux-2.6-x86setup:
Remove magic macros for screen_info structure members
[x86] remove uses of magic macros for boot_params access
include/asm-powerpc/elf.h has 6 entries in ARCH_DLINFO. fs/binfmt_elf.c
has 14 unconditional NEW_AUX_ENT entries and 2 conditional NEW_AUX_ENT
entries. So in the worst case, saved_auxv does not get an AT_NULL entry at
the end.
The saved_auxv array must be terminated with an AT_NULL entry. Make the
size of mm_struct->saved_auxv arch dependend, based on the number of
ARCH_DLINFO entries.
Signed-off-by: Olaf Hering <olh@suse.de>
Cc: Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com>
Cc: Jakub Jelinek <jakub@redhat.com>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
dma_cache_(wback|inv|wback_inv) were the earliest attempt on a generalized
cache managment API for I/O purposes. Originally it was basically the raw
MIPS low level cache API exported to the entire world. The API has
suffered from a lack of documentation, was not very widely used unlike it's
more modern brothers and can easily be replaced by dma_cache_sync. So
remove it rsp. turn the surviving bits back into an arch private API, as
discussed on linux-arch.
Signed-off-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Acked-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Acked-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Kyle McMartin <kyle@parisc-linux.org>
Acked-by: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@atmel.com>
Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
All asm/ipc.h files do only #include <asm-generic/ipc.h>.
This patch therefore removes all include/asm-*/ipc.h files and moves the
contents of include/asm-generic/ipc.h to include/linux/ipc.h.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@kernel.org>
Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
AUTO_DMA and FLOPPY_MOTOR_MASK in include/asm-*/floppy.h are dead symbols -
remove them.
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Remove the __STRICT_ANSI__ check from the __u64/__s64 declaration on
32bit targets.
GCC can be made to warn about usage of long long types with ISO C90
(-ansi), but only with -pedantic. You can write this in a way that even
then it doesn't cause warnings, namely by:
#ifdef __GNUC__
__extension__ typedef __signed__ long long __s64;
__extension__ typedef unsigned long long __u64;
#endif
The __extension__ keyword in front of this switches off any pedantic
warnings for this expression.
Signed-off-by: Olaf Hering <olh@suse.de>
Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
DECLARE_MUTEX_LOCKED was used for semaphores used as completions and we've
got rid of them. Well, except for one in libusual that the maintainer
explicitly wants to keep as semaphore. So convert that useage to an
explicit sema_init and kill of DECLARE_MUTEX_LOCKED so that new code is
reminded to use a completion.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Acked-by: "Satyam Sharma" <satyam.sharma@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Slab constructors currently have a flags parameter that is never used. And
the order of the arguments is opposite to other slab functions. The object
pointer is placed before the kmem_cache pointer.
Convert
ctor(void *object, struct kmem_cache *s, unsigned long flags)
to
ctor(struct kmem_cache *s, void *object)
throughout the kernel
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coupla fixes]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Replace NT_PRXFPREG with ELF_CORE_XFPREG_TYPE in the coredump code which
allows for more flexibility in the note type for the state of 'extended
floating point' implementations in coredumps. New note types can now be
added with an appropriate #define.
This does #define ELF_CORE_XFPREG_TYPE to be NT_PRXFPREG in all
current users so there's are no change in behaviour.
This will let us use different note types on powerpc for the Altivec/VMX
state that some PowerPC cpus have (G4, PPC970, POWER6) and for the SPE
(signal processing extension) state that some embedded PowerPC cpus from
Freescale have.
Signed-off-by: Mark Nelson <markn@au1.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently, the set_lazy_mode pv_op is overloaded with 5 functions:
1. enter lazy cpu mode
2. leave lazy cpu mode
3. enter lazy mmu mode
4. leave lazy mmu mode
5. flush pending batched operations
This complicates each paravirt backend, since it needs to deal with
all the possible state transitions, handling flushing, etc. In
particular, flushing is quite distinct from the other 4 functions, and
seems to just cause complication.
This patch removes the set_lazy_mode operation, and adds "enter" and
"leave" lazy mode operations on mmu_ops and cpu_ops. All the logic
associated with enter and leaving lazy states is now in common code
(basically BUG_ONs to make sure that no mode is current when entering
a lazy mode, and make sure that the mode is current when leaving).
Also, flush is handled in a common way, by simply leaving and
re-entering the lazy mode.
The result is that the Xen, lguest and VMI lazy mode implementations
are much simpler.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Zach Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>
Cc: Anthony Liguory <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Cc: "Glauber de Oliveira Costa" <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Jun Nakajima <jun.nakajima@intel.com>
This patch refactors the paravirt_ops structure into groups of
functionally related ops:
pv_info - random info, rather than function entrypoints
pv_init_ops - functions used at boot time (some for module_init too)
pv_misc_ops - lazy mode, which didn't fit well anywhere else
pv_time_ops - time-related functions
pv_cpu_ops - various privileged instruction ops
pv_irq_ops - operations for managing interrupt state
pv_apic_ops - APIC operations
pv_mmu_ops - operations for managing pagetables
There are several motivations for this:
1. Some of these ops will be general to all x86, and some will be
i386/x86-64 specific. This makes it easier to share common stuff
while allowing separate implementations where needed.
2. At the moment we must export all of paravirt_ops, but modules only
need selected parts of it. This allows us to export on a case by case
basis (and also choose which export license we want to apply).
3. Functional groupings make things a bit more readable.
Struct paravirt_ops is now only used as a template to generate
patch-site identifiers, and to extract function pointers for inserting
into jmp/calls when patching. It is only instantiated when needed.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com>
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Zach Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Cc: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>
Cc: Anthony Liguory <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
Cc: "Glauber de Oliveira Costa" <glommer@gmail.com>
Cc: Jun Nakajima <jun.nakajima@intel.com>
Introduce architecture dependent kretprobe blacklists to prohibit users
from inserting return probes on the function in which kprobes can be
inserted but kretprobes can not.
This patch also removes "__kprobes" mark from "__switch_to" on x86_64 and
registers "__switch_to" to the blacklist on x86-64, because that mark is to
prohibit user from inserting only kretprobe.
Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
Cc: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add code to connect to the DCA driver and provide cpu tags for use by
drivers that would like to use Direct Cache Access hints.
[Adrian Bunk] Several Kconfig cleanup items
[Andrew Morten, Chris Leech] Fix for using cpu_physical_id() even when
built for uni-processor
Signed-off-by: Shannon Nelson <shannon.nelson@intel.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
x86_64 uses 2M page table entries to map its 1-1 kernel space. We also
implement the virtual memmap using 2M page table entries. So there is no
additional runtime overhead over FLATMEM, initialisation is slightly more
complex. As FLATMEM still references memory to obtain the mem_map pointer and
SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP uses a compile time constant, SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP should be
superior.
With this SPARSEMEM becomes the most efficient way of handling virt_to_page,
pfn_to_page and friends for UP, SMP and NUMA on x86_64.
[apw@shadowen.org: code resplit, style fixups]
[apw@shadowen.org: vmemmap x86_64: ensure end of section memmap is initialised]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
x86(-64) are the last architectures still using the page fault notifier
cruft for the kprobes page fault hook. This patch converts them to the
proper direct calls, and removes the now unused pagefault notifier bits
aswell as the cruft in kprobes.c that was related to this mess.
I know Andi didn't really like this, but all other architecture maintainers
agreed the direct calls are much better and besides the obvious cruft
removal a common way of dealing with kprobes across architectures is
important aswell.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: build fix]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix sparc64]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Anil S Keshavamurthy <anil.s.keshavamurthy@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Convert cpu_sibling_map from a static array sized by NR_CPUS to a per_cpu
variable. This saves sizeof(cpumask_t) * NR unused cpus. Access is mostly
from startup and CPU HOTPLUG functions.
Signed-off-by: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: "Siddha, Suresh B" <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is from an earlier message from 'Christoph Lameter':
cpu_core_map is currently an array defined using NR_CPUS. This means that
we overallocate since we will rarely really use maximum configured cpu.
If we put the cpu_core_map into the per cpu area then it will be allocated
for each processor as it comes online.
This means that the core map cannot be accessed until the per cpu area
has been allocated. Xen does a weird thing here looping over all processors
and zeroing the masks that are not yet allocated and that will be zeroed
when they are allocated. I commented the code out.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Travis <travis@sgi.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: "Siddha, Suresh B" <suresh.b.siddha@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The dma mapping helpers need to be converted to using
sg helpers as well, so they will work with a chained
sglist setup.
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
* master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/pci-2.6: (37 commits)
PCI: merge almost all of pci_32.h and pci_64.h together
PCI: X86: Introduce and enable PCI domain support
PCI: Add 'nodomains' boot option, and pci_domains_supported global
PCI: modify PCI bridge control ISA flag for clarity
PCI: use _CRS for PCI resource allocation
PCI: avoid P2P prefetch window for expansion ROMs
PCI: skip ISA ioresource alignment on some systems
PCI: remove transparent bridge sizing
pci: write file size to inode on proc bus file write
pci: use size stored in proc_dir_entry for proc bus files
pci: implement "pci=noaer"
PCI: fix IDE legacy mode resources
MSI: Use correct data offset for 32-bit MSI in read_msi_msg()
PCI: Fix incorrect argument order to list_add_tail() in PCI dynamic ID code
PCI: i386: Compaq EVO N800c needs PCI bus renumbering
PCI: Remove no longer correct documentation regarding MSI vector assignment
PCI: re-enable onboard sound on "MSI K8T Neo2-FIR"
PCI: quirk_vt82c586_acpi: Omit reading PCI revision ID
PCI: quirk amd_8131_mmrbc: Omit reading pci revision ID
cpqphp: Use PCI_CLASS_REVISION instead of PCI_REVISION_ID for read
...
* fix bug in pci_read() and pci_write() which prevented PCI domain
support from working (hardcoded domain 0).
* unconditionally enable CONFIG_PCI_DOMAINS
* implement pci_domain_nr() and pci_proc_domain(), as required of
all arches when CONFIG_PCI_DOMAINS is enabled.
* store domain in struct pci_sysdata, as assigned by ACPI
* support "pci=nodomains"
Signed-off-by: Jeff Garzik <jgarzik@redhat.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
force_enable hpet for ICH5.
[ Build fixes from Andrew Morton ]
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Enable HPET later during boot, after the force detect in PCI quirks. Also add
a call to repeat the force enabling at resume time.
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Force detect and/or enable HPET on ICH chipsets. This patch just handles the
detection part and following patches use this information. Adds a function to
repeat the force enabling during resume time.
Using HPET this way, instead of PIT increases the time CPUs can reside in
C-state when system is totally idle. On my test system with Core 2 Duo,
average C-state residency goes up from ~20mS to ~80mS.
[ Build fixed from Andrew Morton ]
Signed-off-by: Venkatesh Pallipadi <venkatesh.pallipadi@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Remove hpet_readl/writel from vsyscall.h, where it does not belong
anyway. Use the hpet code itself.
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Remove the unused code after the switch to clock events.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Combine the timex.h variants and move the TSC related code into tsc.h.
Move the set_cyc2ns_scale() call into the tsc calibraction code, where
it belongs.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Useless header file with 32 bit and 64 bit variants. Move the
single useful line to the place where it is used.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
AMDs C1E enabled CPUs stop the local apic timer, when both cores are
idle. This is a hardware feature which breaks highres/dynticks.
Add the same quirk as we have for 32 bit already.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
The clock events merge introduced a change to the nmi watchdog code to
handle the not longer increasing local apic timer count in the
broadcast mode. This is fine for UP, but on SMP it pampers over a
stuck CPU which is not handling the broadcast interrupt due to the
unconditional sum up of local apic timer count and irq0 count.
To cover all cases we need to keep track on which CPU irq0 is
handled. In theory this is CPU#0 due to the explicit disabling of irq
balancing for irq0, but there are systems which ignore this on the
hardware level. The per cpu irq0 accounting allows us to remove the
irq0 to CPU0 binding as well.
Add a per cpu counter for irq0 and evaluate this instead of the global
irq0 count in the nmi watchdog code.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Finally switch to the clockevents code. Share code with i386 for
hpet and PIT.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
[ tglx: arch/x86 adaptation ]
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yhlu.kernel@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Cc: Len Brown <lenb@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
PIT clock events work already and the PIT handling is the same for
i386 and x86_64. x86_64 does not support PIT as a clock source, so
disable the PIT clocksource for x86_64.
Use the i386 i8253.h include file for x86_64 as well to share the
exports and the PIT constants.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
PIT clock events work already and the PIT handling is the same for
i386 and x86_64. x86_64 does not support PIT as a clock source, so
disable the PIT clocksource for x86_64.
Prepare i8253.h to be shared with x8664
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Move the TSC calibration code to tsc.c. Reimplement it so the
pm timer can be used as a reference as well.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
This adds support for Multi-Function General Purpose Timers. It detects the
available timers during southbridge init, and provides an API for allocating
and setting the timers. They're higher resolution than the standard PIT, so
the MFGPTs come in handy for quite a few things.
Note that we never clobber the timers that the BIOS might have opted to use;
we just check for unused timers.
Signed-off-by: Jordan Crouse <jordan.crouse@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Andres Salomon <dilinger@debian.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
The clock events merge introduced a change to the nmi watchdog code to
handle the not longer increasing local apic timer count in the
broadcast mode. This is fine for UP, but on SMP it pampers over a
stuck CPU which is not handling the broadcast interrupt due to the
unconditional sum up of local apic timer count and irq0 count.
To cover all cases we need to keep track on which CPU irq0 is
handled. In theory this is CPU#0 due to the explicit disabling of irq
balancing for irq0, but there are systems which ignore this on the
hardware level. The per cpu irq0 accounting allows us to remove the
irq0 to CPU0 binding as well.
Add a per cpu counter for irq0 and evaluate this instead of the global
irq0 count in the nmi watchdog code.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Run the lockdep_sys_exit hook after all other C code on the syscall
return path.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Run the lockdep_sys_exit hook after all other C code on the syscall
return path.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/avi/kvm: (106 commits)
KVM: Replace enum by #define
KVM: Skip pio instruction when it is emulated, not executed
KVM: x86 emulator: popf
KVM: x86 emulator: fix src, dst value initialization
KVM: x86 emulator: jmp abs
KVM: x86 emulator: lea
KVM: X86 emulator: jump conditional short
KVM: x86 emulator: imlpement jump conditional relative
KVM: x86 emulator: sort opcodes into ascending order
KVM: Improve emulation failure reporting
KVM: x86 emulator: pushf
KVM: x86 emulator: call near
KVM: x86 emulator: push imm8
KVM: VMX: Fix exit qualification width on i386
KVM: Move main vcpu loop into subarch independent code
KVM: VMX: Move vm entry failure handling to the exit handler
KVM: MMU: Don't do GFP_NOWAIT allocations
KVM: Rename kvm_arch_ops to kvm_x86_ops
KVM: Simplify memory allocation
KVM: Hoist SVM's get_cs_db_l_bits into core code.
...
a) include/asm-um/arch can't just point to include/asm-$(SUBARCH) now
b) arch/{i386,x86_64}/crypto are merged now
c) subarch-obj needed changes
d) cpufeature_64.h should pull "cpufeature_32.h", not <asm/cpufeature_32.h>
since it can be included from asm-um/cpufeature.h
e) in case of uml-i386 we need CONFIG_X86_32 for make and gcc, but not
for Kconfig
f) sysctl.c shouldn't do vdso_enabled for uml-i386 (actually, that one
should be registered from corresponding arch/*/kernel/*, with ifdef
going away; that's a separate patch, though).
With that and with Stephen's patch ("[PATCH net-2.6] uml: hard_header fix")
we have uml allmodconfig building both on i386 and amd64.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Intel manual (and KVM definition) say the TPR is 4 bits wide. Also fix
CR8_RESEVED_BITS typo.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>
KVM reuses the IOAPIC register definitions, and needs them even if the
host is not compiled with IOAPIC support. Move the #ifdef below so that only
the IOAPIC variables and functions are protected, and the register definitions
are available to all.
Signed-off-by: Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>
According to latest memory ordering specification documents from Intel
and AMD, both manufacturers are committed to in-order loads from
cacheable memory for the x86 architecture. Hence, smp_rmb() may be a
simple barrier.
Also according to those documents, and according to existing practice in
Linux (eg. spin_unlock doesn't enforce ordering), stores to cacheable
memory are visible in program order too. Special string stores are safe
-- their constituent stores may be out of order, but they must complete
in order WRT surrounding stores. Nontemporal stores to WB memory can go
out of order, and so they should be fenced explicitly to make them
appear in-order WRT other stores. Hence, smp_wmb() may be a simple
barrier.
http://developer.intel.com/products/processor/manuals/318147.pdfhttp://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/white_papers_and_tech_docs/24593.pdf
In userspace microbenchmarks on a core2 system, fence instructions range
anywhere from around 15 cycles to 50, which may not be totally
insignificant in performance critical paths (code size will go down
too).
However the primary motivation for this is to have the canonical barrier
implementation for x86 architecture.
smp_rmb on buggy pentium pros remains a locked op, which is apparently
required.
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
wmb() on x86 must always include a barrier, because stores can go out of
order in many cases when dealing with devices (eg. WC memory).
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Move the headers to include/asm-x86 and fixup the
header install make rules
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Thomas Gleixner
Roland Dreier
Brian Gerst
Luiz Fernando N. Capitulino
Jan Beulich
Joe Korty
Andrew Morton
Adrian Bunk
Satyam Sharma
Steven Rostedt
Chuck Lever
Glauber de Oliveira Costa
Mike Travis
Andi Kleen
Chris Snook
Adrian Bunk
H. Peter Anvin
Mike Frysinger
Kirill Korotaev
Siddha, Suresh B
Laurent Vivier
Linus Torvalds
Olaf Hering
Ralf Baechle
Olaf Hering
Christoph Hellwig
Christoph Lameter
Mark Nelson
Jeremy Fitzhardinge
Masami Hiramatsu
Shannon Nelson
Jens Axboe
Greg Kroah-Hartman
Jeff Garzik
Venki Pallipadi
Chris Wright
Yinghai Lu
Andres Salomon
Peter Zijlstra
Al Viro
Rusty Russell
Avi Kivity
Nick Piggin