This is a random collection of added ifdef's around portions of
code that only mak sense on server processors. Using either
CONFIG_PPC_STD_MMU_64 or CONFIG_PPC_BOOK3S as seems appropriate.
This is meant to make the future merging of Book3E 64-bit support
easier.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
For some obscure reason, we only set init_bootmem_done after initializing
bootmem when NUMA isn't enabled. We even document this next to the declaration
of that global in system.h which of course I didn't read before I had to
debug why some WIP code wasn't working properly...
This patch changes it so that we always set it after bootmem is initialized
which should have always been the case... go figure !
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
The MMU context_lock can be taken from switch_mm() while the
rq->lock is held. The rq->lock can also be taken from interrupts,
thus if we get interrupted in destroy_context() with the context
lock held and that interrupt tries to take the rq->lock, there's
a possible deadlock scenario with another CPU having the rq->lock
and calling switch_mm() which takes our context lock.
The fix is to always ensure interrupts are off when taking our
context lock. The switch_mm() path is already good so this fixes
the destroy_context() path.
While at it, turn the context lock into a new style spinlock.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This patch fixes a couple of issues that can happen as a result
of steal_context() dropping the context_lock when all possible
PIDs are ineligible for stealing (hopefully an extremely hard to
hit occurence).
This case exposes the possibility of a stale context_mm[] entry
to be seen since destroy_context() doesn't clear it and the free
map isn't re-tested. It also means steal_context() will not notice
a context freed while the lock was help, thus possibly trying to
steal a context when a free one was available.
This fixes it by always returning to the caller from steal_context
when it dropped the lock with a return value that causes the
caller to re-samble the number of free contexts, along with
properly clearing the context_mm[] array for destroyed contexts.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Merge reason: merge almost-rc8 into perfcounters/core, which was -rc6
based - to pick up the latest upstream fixes.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
The implementation we just revived has issues, such as using a
Kconfig-defined virtual address area in kernel space that nothing
actually carves out (and thus will overlap whatever is there),
or having some dependencies on being self contained in a single
PTE page which adds unnecessary constraints on the kernel virtual
address space.
This fixes it by using more classic PTE accessors and automatically
locating the area for consistent memory, carving an appropriate hole
in the kernel virtual address space, leaving only the size of that
area as a Kconfig option. It also brings some dma-mask related fixes
from the ARM implementation which was almost identical initially but
grew its own fixes.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Make FIXADDR_TOP a compile time constant and cleanup a
couple of definitions relative to the layout of the kernel
address space on ppc32. We also print out that layout at
boot time for debugging purposes.
This is a pre-requisite for properly fixing non-coherent
DMA allocactions.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
The recent rework of the MMU PID handling for non-hash CPUs has a
subtle bug in the !SMP "optimized" variant of the PID stealing
function. It clears the PID in the mm context before it calls
local_flush_tlb_mm(). However, the later will not flush anything
if the PID in the context is clear...
Signed-off-by: Hideo Saito <hsaito.ppc@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This adds the PowerPC 2.06 tlbie mnemonics and keeps backwards
compatibilty for CPUs before 2.06.
Only useful for bare metal systems.
Signed-off-by: Milton Miller <miltonm@bga.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
We're currently choking on mem=4g (and above) due to memory_limit
being specified as an unsigned long. Make memory_limit
phys_addr_t to fix this.
Signed-off-by: Becky Bruce <beckyb@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Previous gcc versions didn't notice this because one of the preceding
#ifs always evaluated to true.
gcc 4.4.0 produced this error:
arch/powerpc/mm/tlb_nohash_low.S:206:6: error: #elif with no expression
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Acked-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
This reverts commit e996557740. Our HW
guys were able to fix this so it never sees the light of day.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
early_init_mmu_secondary() is called at CPU hotplug time, so it
must be marked as __cpuinit, not __init.
Caused by 757c74d2 ("powerpc/mm: Introduce early_init_mmu() on 64-bit").
Tested-by: Sachin Sant <sachinp@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Paul suggested we allow for data addresses to be recorded along with
the traditional IPs as power can provide these.
For now, only the software pagefault events provide data addresses,
but in the future power might as well for some events.
x86 doesn't seem capable of providing this atm.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Corey Ashford <cjashfor@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
LKML-Reference: <20090408130409.394816925@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
arch/powerpc/mm/tlb_nohash.c: In function 'flush_tlb_mm':
arch/powerpc/mm/tlb_nohash.c:128: warning: unused variable 'cpu_mask'
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
During the ISA 2.06 development the opcode for tlbilx changed and some
early implementations used to old opcode. Add support for a MMU_FTR
fixup to deal with this.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Provide separate sw counters for major and minor page faults.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
We use the generic software counter infrastructure to provide
page fault events.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This moves some MMU related init code out of setup_64.c into hash_utils_64.c
and calls it early_init_mmu() and early_init_mmu_secondary(). This will
make it easier to plug in a new MMU type.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This patch tweaks the way some PTE bit combinations are defined, in such a
way that the 32 and 64-bit variant become almost identical and that will
make it easier to bring in a new common pte-* file for the new variant
of the Book3-E support.
The combination of bits defining access to kernel pages are now clearly
separated from the combination used by userspace and the core VM. The
resulting generated code should remain identical unless I made a mistake.
Note: While at it, I removed a non-sensical statement related to CONFIG_KGDB
in ppc_mmu_32.c which could cause kernel mappings to be user accessible when
that option is enabled. Probably something that bitrot.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Makes code futureproof against the impending change to mm->cpu_vm_mask.
It's also a chance to use the new cpumask_ ops which take a pointer
(the older ones are deprecated, but there's no hurry for arch code).
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
While we did add support for _PAGE_SPECIAL on some 32-bit platforms,
we never actually built get_user_pages_fast() on them. This fixes
it which requires a little bit of ifdef'ing around.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This adds the necessary bits and pieces to powerpc implementation of
ioremap to benefit from caller tracking in /proc/vmallocinfo, at least
for ioremap's done after mem init as the older ones aren't tracked.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
The e500mc core supports the new tlbilx instructions that do core
local invalidates and also provide us the ability to take down
all TLB entries matching a given PID.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
On 64bit there is a possibility our stack and mmap randomisation will put
the two close enough such that we can't expand our stack to match the ulimit
specified.
To avoid this, start the upper mmap address at 1GB + 128MB below the top of our
address space, so in the worst case we end up with the same ~128MB hole as in
32bit. This works because we randomise the stack over a 1GB range.
Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
get_random_int() returns the same value within a 1 jiffy interval. This means
that the mmap and stack regions will almost always end up the same distance
apart, making a relative offset based attack possible.
To fix this, shift the randomness we use for the mmap region by 1 bit.
Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Rearrange mmap.c to better match the x86 version.
Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This patch reworks the hot_add_scn_to_nid and its supporting functions
to make them easier to understand. There are no functional changes in
this patch and has been tested on machine with memory represented in the
device tree as memory nodes and in the ibm,dynamic-memory property.
My previous patch that introduced support for hotplug memory add on
systems whose memory was represented by the ibm,dynamic-memory property
of the device tree only left the code more unintelligible. This
will hopefully makes things easier to understand.
Signed-off-by: Nathan Fontenot <nfont@austin.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
At the moment we size the hashtable based on 4kB pages / 2, even on a
64kB kernel. This results in a hashtable that is much larger than it
needs to be.
Grab the real page size and size the hashtable based on that
Note: This only has effect on non hypervisor machines.
Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Fix the powerpc NUMA reserve bootmem page selection logic.
commit 8f64e1f2d1 (powerpc: Reserve
in bootmem lmb reserved regions that cross NUMA nodes) changed
the logic for how the powerpc LMB reserved regions were converted
to bootmen reserved regions. As the folowing discussion reports,
the new logic was not correct.
mark_reserved_regions_for_nid() goes through each LMB on the
system that specifies a reserved area. It searches for
active regions that intersect with that LMB and are on the
specified node. It attempts to bootmem-reserve only the area
where the active region and the reserved LMB intersect. We
can not reserve things on other nodes as they may not have
bootmem structures allocated, yet.
We base the size of the bootmem reservation on two possible
things. Normally, we just make the reservation start and
stop exactly at the start and end of the LMB.
However, the LMB reservations are not aware of NUMA nodes and
on occasion a single LMB may cross into several adjacent
active regions. Those may even be on different NUMA nodes
and will require separate calls to the bootmem reserve
functions. So, the bootmem reservation must be trimmed to
fit inside the current active region.
That's all fine and dandy, but we trim the reservation
in a page-aligned fashion. That's bad because we start the
reservation at a non-page-aligned address: physbase.
The reservation may only span 2 bytes, but that those bytes
may span two pfns and cause a reserve_size of 2*PAGE_SIZE.
Take the case where you reserve 0x2 bytes at 0x0fff and
where the active region ends at 0x1000. You'll jump into
that if() statment, but node_ar.end_pfn=0x1 and
start_pfn=0x0. You'll end up with a reserve_size=0x1000,
and then call
reserve_bootmem_node(node, physbase=0xfff, size=0x1000);
0x1000 may not be on the same node as 0xfff. Oops.
In almost all the vm code, end_<anything> is not inclusive.
If you have an end_pfn of 0x1234, page 0x1234 is not
included in the range. Using PFN_UP instead of the
(>> >> PAGE_SHIFT) will make this consistent with the other VM
code.
We also need to do math for the reserved size with physbase
instead of start_pfn. node_ar.end_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT is
*precisely* the end of the node. However,
(start_pfn << PAGE_SHIFT) is *NOT* precisely the beginning
of the reserved area. That is, of course, physbase.
If we don't use physbase here, the reserve_size can be
made too large.
From: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Tested-by: Geoff Levand <geoffrey.levand@am.sony.com> Tested on PS3.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
arch/powerpc/mm/fsl_booke_mmu.c: In function 'adjust_total_lowmem':
arch/powerpc/mm/fsl_booke_mmu.c:221: warning: format '%ld' expects type 'long int', but argument 3 has type 'phys_addr_t'
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
The Power ISA 2.06 added power of two page sizes to the embedded MMU
architecture. Its done it such a way to be code compatiable with the
existing HW. Made the minor code changes to support both power of two
and power of four page sizes. Also added some new MAS bits and macros
that are defined as part of the 2.06 ISA. Renamed some things to use
the 'Book-3e' concept to convey the new MMU that is based on the
Freescale Book-E MMU programming model.
Note, its still invalid to try and use a page size that isn't supported
by cpu.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
The following commit:
commit 64b3d0e812
Author: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Date: Thu Dec 18 19:13:51 2008 +0000
powerpc/mm: Rework usage of _PAGE_COHERENT/NO_CACHE/GUARDED
broke setting of the _PAGE_COHERENT bit in the PPC HW PTE. Since we now
actually set _PAGE_COHERENT in the Linux PTE we shouldn't be clearing it
out before we propogate it to the PPC HW PTE.
Reported-by: Martyn Welch <martyn.welch@gefanuc.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This patch reworks the way we do I and D cache coherency on PowerPC.
The "old" way was split in 3 different parts depending on the processor type:
- Hash with per-page exec support (64-bit and >= POWER4 only) does it
at hashing time, by preventing exec on unclean pages and cleaning pages
on exec faults.
- Everything without per-page exec support (32-bit hash, 8xx, and
64-bit < POWER4) does it for all page going to user space in update_mmu_cache().
- Embedded with per-page exec support does it from do_page_fault() on
exec faults, in a way similar to what the hash code does.
That leads to confusion, and bugs. For example, the method using update_mmu_cache()
is racy on SMP where another processor can see the new PTE and hash it in before
we have cleaned the cache, and then blow trying to execute. This is hard to hit but
I think it has bitten us in the past.
Also, it's inefficient for embedded where we always end up having to do at least
one more page fault.
This reworks the whole thing by moving the cache sync into two main call sites,
though we keep different behaviours depending on the HW capability. The call
sites are set_pte_at() which is now made out of line, and ptep_set_access_flags()
which joins the former in pgtable.c
The base idea for Embedded with per-page exec support, is that we now do the
flush at set_pte_at() time when coming from an exec fault, which allows us
to avoid the double fault problem completely (we can even improve the situation
more by implementing TLB preload in update_mmu_cache() but that's for later).
If for some reason we didn't do it there and we try to execute, we'll hit
the page fault, which will do a minor fault, which will hit ptep_set_access_flags()
to do things like update _PAGE_ACCESSED or _PAGE_DIRTY if needed, we just make
this guys also perform the I/D cache sync for exec faults now. This second path
is the catch all for things that weren't cleaned at set_pte_at() time.
For cpus without per-pag exec support, we always do the sync at set_pte_at(),
thus guaranteeing that when the PTE is visible to other processors, the cache
is clean.
For the 64-bit hash with per-page exec support case, we keep the old mechanism
for now. I'll look into changing it later, once I've reworked a bit how we
use _PAGE_EXEC.
This is also a first step for adding _PAGE_EXEC support for embedded platforms
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Use of_get_cpu_node, which is a superset of numa.c's find_cpu_node in
a less restrictive section (text vs cpuinit).
Signed-off-by: Milton Miller <miltonm@bga.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
find_min_common_depth() was checking the property length incorrectly.
The value is in bytes not cells, and it is using the second entry.
Signed-off-By: Milton Miller <miltonm@bga.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Fixed v_mapped_by_tlbcam() and p_mapped_by_tlbcam() to use phys_addr_t
instead of unsigned long. In 36-bit physical mode we really need these
functions to deal with phys_addr_t when trying to match a physical
address or when returning one.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
On booke processors, the code that maps low memory only uses up to three
CAM entries, even though there are sixteen and nothing else uses them.
Make this number configurable in the advanced options menu along with max
low memory size. If one wants 1 GB of lowmem, then it's typically
necessary to have four CAM entries.
Signed-off-by: Trent Piepho <tpiepho@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
The code that maps kernel low memory would only use page sizes up to 256
MB. On E500v2 pages up to 4 GB are supported.
However, a page must be aligned to a multiple of the page's size. I.e.
256 MB pages must aligned to a 256 MB boundary. This was enforced by a
requirement that the physical and virtual addresses of the start of lowmem
be aligned to 256 MB. Clearly requiring 1GB or 4GB alignment to allow
pages of that size isn't acceptable.
To solve this, I simply have adjust_total_lowmem() take alignment into
account when it decides what size pages to use. Give it PAGE_OFFSET =
0x7000_0000, PHYSICAL_START = 0x3000_0000, and 2GB of RAM, and it will map
pages like this:
PA 0x3000_0000 VA 0x7000_0000 Size 256 MB
PA 0x4000_0000 VA 0x8000_0000 Size 1 GB
PA 0x8000_0000 VA 0xC000_0000 Size 256 MB
PA 0x9000_0000 VA 0xD000_0000 Size 256 MB
PA 0xA000_0000 VA 0xE000_0000 Size 256 MB
Because the lowmem mapping code now takes alignment into account,
PHYSICAL_ALIGN can be lowered from 256 MB to 64 MB. Even lower might be
possible. The lowmem code will work down to 4 kB but it's possible some of
the boot code will fail before then. Poor alignment will force small pages
to be used, which combined with the limited number of TLB1 pages available,
will result in very little memory getting mapped. So alignments less than
64 MB probably aren't very useful anyway.
Signed-off-by: Trent Piepho <tpiepho@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
The code to map lowmem uses three CAM aka TLB[1] entries to cover it. The
size of each is stored in three globals named __cam0, __cam1, and __cam2.
All the code that uses them is duplicated three times for each of the three
variables.
We have these things called arrays and loops....
Once converted to use an array, it will be easier to make the number of
CAMs configurable.
Signed-off-by: Trent Piepho <tpiepho@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
_PAGE_COHERENT is now always set in _PAGE_RAM resp. PAGE_KERNEL.
Thus it has to be masked out, if the BAT mapping should be non
cacheable or CPU_FTR_NEED_COHERENT is not set.
This will work on normal SMP setups because we force-set
CPU_FTR_NEED_COHERENT as part of CPU_FTR_COMMON on SMP.
Signed-off-by: Gerhard Pircher <gerhard_pircher@gmx.net>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
powerpc: is_hugepage_only_range() must account for both 4kB and 64kB slices
The subpage_prot syscall fails on second and subsequent calls for a given
region, because is_hugepage_only_range() is mis-identifying the 4 kB
slices when the process has a 64 kB page size.
Signed-off-by: Dave Kleikamp <shaggy@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Convert arch/powerpc/ over to long long based u64:
-#ifdef __powerpc64__
-# include <asm-generic/int-l64.h>
-#else
-# include <asm-generic/int-ll64.h>
-#endif
+#include <asm-generic/int-ll64.h>
This will avoid reoccuring spurious warnings in core kernel code that
comes when people test on their own hardware. (i.e. x86 in ~98% of the
cases) This is what x86 uses and it generally helps keep 64-bit code
32-bit clean too.
[Adjusted to not impact user mode (from paulus) - sfr]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
The clear_fixmap() routine issues map_page() with flags set to 0.
Currently this causes a BUG_ON() inside the map_page(), as it assumes
that a PTE should be clear before mapping.
This patch makes the map_page() to trigger the BUG_ON() only if the
flags were set.
Signed-off-by: Anton Vorontsov <avorontsov@ru.mvista.com>
Acked-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This is a brown paper bag from one of my earlier patches that
breaks build on 40x and 8xx.
And yes, I've now added 40x and 8xx to my list of test configs :-)
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Dave Liu <daveliu@freescale.com>
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Both users of careful_allocation() immediately memset() the
result. So, just do it in one place.
Also give careful_allocation() a 'z' prefix to bring it in
line with kzmalloc() and friends.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Since we memset() the result in both of the uses here,
just make careful_alloc() return a virtual address.
Also, add a separate variable to store the physial
address that comes back from the lmb_alloc() functions.
This makes it less likely that someone will screw it up
forgetting to convert before returning since the vaddr
is always in a void* and the paddr is always in an
unsigned long.
I admit this is arbitrary since one of its users needs
a paddr and one a vaddr, but it does remove a good
number of casts.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
If we fail a bootmem allocation, the bootmem code itself
panics. No need to redo it here.
Also change the wording of the other panic. We don't
strictly have to allocate memory on the specified node.
It is just a hint and that node may not even *have* any
memory on it. In that case we can and do fall back to
other nodes.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
The behavior in careful_allocation() really confused me
at first. Add a comment to hopefully make it easier
on the next doofus that looks at it.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
This is a global variable defined in fsl_booke_mmu.c with a value that gets
initialized in assembly code in head_fsl_booke.S.
It's never used.
If some code ever does want to know the number of entries in TLB1, then
"numcams = mfspr(SPRN_TLB1CFG) & 0xfff", is a whole lot simpler than a
global initialized during kernel boot from assembly.
Signed-off-by: Trent Piepho <tpiepho@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Some assembly code in head_fsl_booke.S hard-coded the size of struct tlbcam
to 20 when it indexed the TLBCAM table. Anyone changing the size of struct
tlbcam would not know to expect that.
The kernel already has a system to get the size of C structures into
assembly language files, asm-offsets, so let's use it.
The definition of the struct gets moved to a header, so that asm-offsets.c
can include it.
Signed-off-by: Trent Piepho <tpiepho@freescale.com>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Show node to memory section relationship with symlinks in sysfs
Add /sys/devices/system/node/nodeX/memoryY symlinks for all
the memory sections located on nodeX. For example:
/sys/devices/system/node/node1/memory135 -> ../../memory/memory135
indicates that memory section 135 resides on node1.
Also revises documentation to cover this change as well as updating
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-devices-memory to include descriptions
of memory hotremove files 'phys_device', 'phys_index', and 'state'
that were previously not described there.
In addition to it always being a good policy to provide users with
the maximum possible amount of physical location information for
resources that can be hot-added and/or hot-removed, the following
are some (but likely not all) of the user benefits provided by
this change.
Immediate:
- Provides information needed to determine the specific node
on which a defective DIMM is located. This will reduce system
downtime when the node or defective DIMM is swapped out.
- Prevents unintended onlining of a memory section that was
previously offlined due to a defective DIMM. This could happen
during node hot-add when the user or node hot-add assist script
onlines _all_ offlined sections due to user or script inability
to identify the specific memory sections located on the hot-added
node. The consequences of reintroducing the defective memory
could be ugly.
- Provides information needed to vary the amount and distribution
of memory on specific nodes for testing or debugging purposes.
Future:
- Will provide information needed to identify the memory
sections that need to be offlined prior to physical removal
of a specific node.
Symlink creation during boot was tested on 2-node x86_64, 2-node
ppc64, and 2-node ia64 systems. Symlink creation during physical
memory hot-add tested on a 2-node x86_64 system.
Signed-off-by: Gary Hade <garyhade@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Badari Pulavarty <pbadari@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The KernelPageSize entry in /proc/pid/smaps is the pagesize used by the
kernel to back a VMA. This matches the size used by the MMU in the
majority of cases. However, one counter-example occurs on PPC64 kernels
whereby a kernel using 64K as a base pagesize may still use 4K pages for
the MMU on older processor. To distinguish, this patch reports
MMUPageSize as the pagesize used by the MMU in /proc/pid/smaps.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: "KOSAKI Motohiro" <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulus/powerpc: (144 commits)
powerpc/44x: Support 16K/64K base page sizes on 44x
powerpc: Force memory size to be a multiple of PAGE_SIZE
powerpc/32: Wire up the trampoline code for kdump
powerpc/32: Add the ability for a classic ppc kernel to be loaded at 32M
powerpc/32: Allow __ioremap on RAM addresses for kdump kernel
powerpc/32: Setup OF properties for kdump
powerpc/32/kdump: Implement crash_setup_regs() using ppc_save_regs()
powerpc: Prepare xmon_save_regs for use with kdump
powerpc: Remove default kexec/crash_kernel ops assignments
powerpc: Make default kexec/crash_kernel ops implicit
powerpc: Setup OF properties for ppc32 kexec
powerpc/pseries: Fix cpu hotplug
powerpc: Fix KVM build on ppc440
powerpc/cell: add QPACE as a separate Cell platform
powerpc/cell: fix build breakage with CONFIG_SPUFS disabled
powerpc/mpc5200: fix error paths in PSC UART probe function
powerpc/mpc5200: add rts/cts handling in PSC UART driver
powerpc/mpc5200: Make PSC UART driver update serial errors counters
powerpc/mpc5200: Remove obsolete code from mpc5200 MDIO driver
powerpc/mpc5200: Add MDMA/UDMA support to MPC5200 ATA driver
...
Fix trivial conflict in drivers/char/Makefile as per Paul's directions
This adds support for 16k and 64k page sizes on PowerPC 44x processors.
The PGDIR table is much smaller than a page when using 16k or 64k
pages (512 and 32 bytes respectively) so we allocate the PGDIR with
kzalloc() instead of __get_free_pages().
One PTE table covers rather a large memory area when using 16k or 64k
pages (32MB or 512MB respectively), so we can easily put FIXMAP and
PKMAP in the area covered by one PTE table.
Signed-off-by: Yuri Tikhonov <yur@emcraft.com>
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Panfilov <pvr@emcraft.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Yanok <yanok@emcraft.com>
Acked-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Add the ability for a classic ppc kernel to be loaded at an address
of 32MB. This done by fixing a few places that assume we are loaded
at address 0, and by changing several uses of KERNELBASE to use
PAGE_OFFSET, instead.
Signed-off-by: Dale Farnsworth <dale@farnsworth.org>
Signed-off-by: Anton Vorontsov <avorontsov@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
While for debugging it is good to catch bogus users of ioremap, though
for kdump support it is more convenient to use __ioremap for
copy_oldmem_page() (exactly as we do for PPC64 currently).
Note that copy_oldmem_page() calls __ioremap with flags set to '0',
so it should be safe with the regard to the caches.
The other option is to use kmap_atomic_pfn()[1], but it will not work
for kernels compiled without HIGHMEM.
That is, on a board with 256MB RAM and crashkernel=64M@32M case, the
!HIGHMEM capturing kernel maps 0-96M range, which does not include all
the memory needed to capture the dump. And, obviously, accessing
anything upper than 96M will cause faults.
[1] http://ozlabs.org/pipermail/linuxppc-dev/2007-November/046747.html
Signed-off-by: Anton Vorontsov <avorontsov@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Rework to MMU code dropped a much missed 'blr' instruction.
Brown-Paper-Bag-Worn-By: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
Currently, we never set _PAGE_COHERENT in the PTEs, we just OR it in
in the hash code based on some CPU feature bit. We also manipulate
_PAGE_NO_CACHE and _PAGE_GUARDED by hand in all sorts of places.
This changes the logic so that instead, the PTE now contains
_PAGE_COHERENT for all normal RAM pages thay have I = 0 on platforms
that need it. The hash code clears it if the feature bit is not set.
It also adds some clean accessors to setup various valid combinations
of access flags and change various bits of code to use them instead.
This should help having the PTE actually containing the bit
combinations that we really want.
I also removed _PAGE_GUARDED from _PAGE_BASE on 44x and instead
set it explicitely from the TLB miss. I will ultimately remove it
completely as it appears that it might not be needed after all
but in the meantime, having it in the TLB miss makes things a
lot easier.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This makes the MMU context code used for CPUs with no hash table
(except 603) dynamically allocate the various maps used to track
the state of contexts.
Only the main free map and CPU 0 stale map are allocated at boot
time. Other CPU maps are allocated when those CPUs are brought up
and freed if they are unplugged.
This also moves the initialization of the MMU context management
slightly later during the boot process, which should be fine as
it's really only needed when userland if first started anyways.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
The handlers for Critical, Machine Check or Debug interrupts
will save and restore MMUCR nowadays, thus we only need to
disable normal interrupts when invalidating TLB entries.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Currently, the various forms of low level TLB invalidations are all
implemented in misc_32.S for 32-bit processors, in a fairly scary
mess of #ifdef's and with interesting duplication such as a whole
bunch of code for FSL _tlbie and _tlbia which are no longer used.
This moves things around such that _tlbie is now defined in
hash_low_32.S and is only used by the 32-bit hash code, and all
nohash CPUs use the various _tlbil_* forms that are now moved to
a new file, tlb_nohash_low.S.
I moved all the definitions for that stuff out of
include/asm/tlbflush.h as they are really internal mm stuff, into
mm/mmu_decl.h
The code should have no functional changes. I kept some variants
inline for trivial forms on things like 40x and 8xx.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This commit moves the whole no-hash TLB handling out of line into a
new tlb_nohash.c file, and implements some basic SMP support using
IPIs and/or broadcast tlbivax instructions.
Note that I'm using local invalidations for D->I cache coherency.
At worst, if another processor is trying to execute the same and
has the old entry in its TLB, it will just take a fault and re-do
the TLB flush locally (it won't re-do the cache flush in any case).
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
We're soon running out of CPU features and I need to add some new
ones for various MMU related bits, so this patch separates the MMU
features from the CPU features. I moved over the 32-bit MMU related
ones, added base features for MMU type families, but didn't move
over any 64-bit only feature yet.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This reworks the context management code used by 4xx,8xx and
freescale BookE. It adds support for SMP by implementing a
concept of stale context map to lazily flush the TLB on
processors where a context may have been invalidated. This
also contains the ground work for generalizing such lazy TLB
flushing by just picking up a new PID and marking the old one
stale. This will be implemented later.
This is a first implementation that uses a global spinlock.
Ideally, we should try to get at least the fast path (context ID
already assigned) lockless or limited to a per context lock,
but for now this will do.
I tried to keep the UP case reasonably simple to avoid adding
too much overhead to 8xx which does a lot of context stealing
since it effectively has only 16 PIDs available.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This splits the mmu_context handling between 32-bit hash based
processors, 64-bit hash based processors and everybody else. This is
preliminary work for adding SMP support for BookE processors.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
The function flush_HPTE() is used in only one place, the implementation
of DEBUG_PAGEALLOC on ppc32.
It's actually a dup of flush_tlb_page() though it's -slightly- more
efficient on hash based processors. We remove it and replace it by
a direct call to the hash flush code on those processors and to
flush_tlb_page() for everybody else.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
This renames the files to clarify the fact that they are used by
the hash based family of CPUs (the 603 being an exception in that
family but is still handled by that code).
This paves the way for the new tlb_nohash.c coming via a subsequent
commit.
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
careful_allocation() was calling into the bootmem allocator for
nodes which had not been fully initialized and caused a previous
bug: http://patchwork.ozlabs.org/patch/10528/ So, I merged a
few broken out loops in do_init_bootmem() to fix it. That changed
the code ordering.
I think this bug is triggered by having reserved areas for a node
which are spanned by another node's contents. In the
mark_reserved_regions_for_nid() code, we attempt to reserve the
area for a node before we have allocated the NODE_DATA() for that
nid. We do this since I reordered that loop. I suck.
This is causing crashes at bootup on some systems, as reported
by Jon Tollefson.
This may only present on some systems that have 16GB pages
reserved. But, it can probably happen on any system that is
trying to reserve large swaths of memory that happen to span other
nodes' contents.
This commit ensures that we do not touch bootmem for any node which
has not been initialized, and also removes a compile warning about
an unused variable.
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
It looks like most of the hugetlb code is doing the correct thing if
hugepages are not supported, but the mmap code is not. If we get into
the mmap code when hugepages are not supported, such as in an LPAR
which is running Active Memory Sharing, we can oops the kernel. This
fixes the oops being seen in this path.
oops: Kernel access of bad area, sig: 11 [#1]
SMP NR_CPUS=1024 NUMA pSeries
Modules linked in: nfs(N) lockd(N) nfs_acl(N) sunrpc(N) ipv6(N) fuse(N) loop(N)
dm_mod(N) sg(N) ibmveth(N) sd_mod(N) crc_t10dif(N) ibmvscsic(N)
scsi_transport_srp(N) scsi_tgt(N) scsi_mod(N)
Supported: No
NIP: c000000000038d60 LR: c00000000003945c CTR: c0000000000393f0
REGS: c000000077e7b830 TRAP: 0300 Tainted: G
(2.6.27.5-bz50170-2-ppc64)
MSR: 8000000000009032 <EE,ME,IR,DR> CR: 44000448 XER: 20000001
DAR: c000002000af90a8, DSISR: 0000000040000000
TASK = c00000007c1b8600[4019] 'hugemmap01' THREAD: c000000077e78000 CPU: 6
GPR00: 0000001fffffffe0 c000000077e7bab0 c0000000009a4e78 0000000000000000
GPR04: 0000000000010000 0000000000000001 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000001
GPR08: 0000000000000000 c000000000af90c8 0000000000000001 0000000000000000
GPR12: 000000000000003f c000000000a73880 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
GPR16: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000010000
GPR20: 0000000000000000 0000000000000003 0000000000010000 0000000000000001
GPR24: 0000000000000003 0000000000000000 0000000000000001 ffffffffffffffb5
GPR28: c000000077ca2e80 0000000000000000 c00000000092af78 0000000000010000
NIP [c000000000038d60] .slice_get_unmapped_area+0x6c/0x4e0
LR [c00000000003945c] .hugetlb_get_unmapped_area+0x6c/0x80
Call Trace:
[c000000077e7bbc0] [c00000000003945c] .hugetlb_get_unmapped_area+0x6c/0x80
[c000000077e7bc30] [c000000000107e30] .get_unmapped_area+0x64/0xd8
[c000000077e7bcb0] [c00000000010b140] .do_mmap_pgoff+0x140/0x420
[c000000077e7bd80] [c00000000000bf5c] .sys_mmap+0xc4/0x140
[c000000077e7be30] [c0000000000086b4] syscall_exit+0x0/0x40
Instruction dump:
fac1ffb0 fae1ffb8 fb01ffc0 fb21ffc8 fb41ffd0 fb61ffd8 fb81ffe0 fbc1fff0
fbe1fff8 f821fef1 f8c10158 f8e10160 <7d49002e> f9010168 e92d01b0 eb4902b0
Signed-off-by: Brian King <brking@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Conflicts:
fs/nfsd/nfs4recover.c
Manually fixed above to use new creds API functions, e.g.
nfs4_save_creds().
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Refactor the RCU based pte free code that was used on ppc64 to be used
on all powerpc.
Additionally refactor pte_free() & pte_free_kernel() into common code
between ppc32 & ppc64.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Clean up the ifdefs so we only use hash_page_sync if we have
CONFIG_SMP && CONFIG_PPC_STD_MMU_32.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Gala <galak@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
* 'merge' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/paulus/powerpc:
powerpc: Fix system calls on Cell entered with XER.SO=1
powerpc/cell: Fix GDB watchpoints, again
powerpc/mpic: Don't reset affinity for secondary MPIC on boot
powerpc/cell/axon-msi: Retry on missing interrupt
powerpc: Fix boot freeze on machine with empty memory node
powerpc: Fix IRQ assignment for some PCIe devices
powerpc/spufs: Fix spinning in spufs_ps_fault on signal
powerpc/mpc832x_rdb: fix swapped ethernet ids
powerpc: Use generic PHY driver for Marvell 88E1111 PHY on GE Fanuc SBC610
powerpc/85xx: L2 cache size wrong in 8572DS dts
powerpc/virtex: Update defconfigs
powerpc/52xx: update defconfigs
xsysace: Fix driver to use resource_size_t instead of unsigned long
powerpc/virtex: fix various format/casting printk mismatches
powerpc/mpc5200: fix bestcomm Kconfig dependencies
powerpc/44x: Fix 460EX/460GT machine check handling
powerpc/40x: Limit allocable DRAM during early mapping
I got a bug report about a distro kernel not booting on a particular
machine. It would freeze during boot:
> ...
> Could not find start_pfn for node 1
> [boot]0015 Setup Done
> Built 2 zonelists in Node order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 123783
> Policy zone: DMA
> Kernel command line:
> [boot]0020 XICS Init
> [boot]0021 XICS Done
> PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 12, 32768 bytes)
> clocksource: timebase mult[7d0000] shift[22] registered
> Console: colour dummy device 80x25
> console handover: boot [udbg0] -> real [hvc0]
> Dentry cache hash table entries: 1048576 (order: 7, 8388608 bytes)
> Inode-cache hash table entries: 524288 (order: 6, 4194304 bytes)
> freeing bootmem node 0
I've reproduced this on 2.6.27.7. It is caused by commit
8f64e1f2d1 ("powerpc: Reserve in bootmem
lmb reserved regions that cross NUMA nodes").
The problem is that Jon took a loop which was (in pseudocode):
for_each_node(nid)
NODE_DATA(nid) = careful_alloc(nid);
setup_bootmem(nid);
reserve_node_bootmem(nid);
and broke it up into:
for_each_node(nid)
NODE_DATA(nid) = careful_alloc(nid);
setup_bootmem(nid);
for_each_node(nid)
reserve_node_bootmem(nid);
The issue comes in when the 'careful_alloc()' is called on a node with
no memory. It falls back to using bootmem from a previously-initialized
node. But, bootmem has not yet been reserved when Jon's patch is
applied. It gives back bogus memory (0xc000000000000000) and pukes
later in boot.
The following patch collapses the loop back together. It also breaks
the mark_reserved_regions_for_nid() code out into a function and adds
some comments. I think a huge part of introducing this bug is because
for loop was too long and hard to read.
The actual bug fix here is the:
+ if (end_pfn <= node->node_start_pfn ||
+ start_pfn >= node_end_pfn)
+ continue;
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <dave@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
called only from __init, calls __init. Incidentally, it ought to be static
in file.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Linux will report the number of page-ins so that the hypervisor can
better determine partition memory pressure. The hardware page size
and the OS page size can be different. In the case where the hardware
page size is 4k and the OS is running with 64k pages the code in
commit 409001948d ("powerpc: Update
page-in counter for CMM") would under-report the number of pages.
This corrects the reporting to the hypervisor by incrementing the
page_in count by 1 << PAGE_FACTOR each time.
Reported-by: Andrew Theurer <habanero@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Robert Jennings <rcj@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Wrap access to task credentials so that they can be separated more easily from
the task_struct during the introduction of COW creds.
Change most current->(|e|s|fs)[ug]id to current_(|e|s|fs)[ug]id().
Change some task->e?[ug]id to task_e?[ug]id(). In some places it makes more
sense to use RCU directly rather than a convenient wrapper; these will be
addressed by later patches.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Acked-by: Serge Hallyn <serue@us.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: linuxppc-dev@ozlabs.org
Signed-off-by: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
If the size of DRAM is not an exact power of two, we may not have
covered DRAM in its entirety with large 16 and 4 MiB pages. If that
is the case, we can get non-recoverable page faults when doing the
final PTE mappings for the non-large page PTEs.
Consequently, we restrict the top end of DRAM currently allocable
by updating '__initial_memory_limit_addr' so that calls to the LMB to
allocate PTEs for "tail" coverage with normal-sized pages (or other
reasons) do not attempt to allocate outside the allowed range.
Signed-off-by: Grant Erickson <gerickson@nuovations.com>
Signed-off-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Andrew Morton suggested that using a macro that makes an array
reference look like a function call makes it harder to understand the
code.
This therefore removes the huge_pgtable_cache(psize) macro and
replaces its uses with pgtable_cache[HUGE_PGTABLE_INDEX(psize)].
Signed-off-by: Jon Tollefson <kniht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
A new field has been added to the VPA as a method for the client OS to
communicate to firmware the number of page-ins it is performing when
running collaborative memory overcommit. The hypervisor will use this
information to better determine if a partition is experiencing memory
pressure and needs more memory allocated to it.
Signed-off-by: Brian King <brking@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
If mem= is used on the boot command line to limit memory then the memory block where a 16G page resides may not be available.
Thanks to Michael Ellerman for finding the problem.
Signed-off-by: Jon Tollefson <kniht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Benjamin Herrenschmidt
Ingo Molnar
Hideo Saito
Milton Miller
Mel Gorman
Becky Bruce
Stephen Rothwell
Kumar Gala
Michael Ellerman
Peter Zijlstra
Rusty Russell
Anton Blanchard
Nathan Fontenot
Dave Hansen
Trent Piepho
Gerhard Pircher
Dave Kleikamp
Anton Vorontsov
Dave Liu
Gary Hade
Linus Torvalds
Ilya Yanok
James Morris
Dale Farnsworth
Paul Mackerras
Brian King
Al Viro
Robert Jennings
David Howells
Grant Erickson
Jon Tollefson
Jon Tollefson